The document appears to be a presentation on formulaic sequences in second language acquisition. It includes 6 sections: 1) Introduction, 2) Definitions of formulaic sequences, 3) Previous research studies, 4) A study by Jiang and Nekrasova, 5) Implications for teaching, and 6) Contact information. The study by Jiang and Nekrasova found native speakers outperformed non-native speakers on a recognition task of formulaic sequences, suggesting formulaic sequences are stored and retrieved holistically from memory. The presentation discusses implications for teaching, such as raising awareness of formulaic sequences and incorporating them into lessons.

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2. Agenda
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2.
3.
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5.
6.
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3. Agenda
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2.
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6.
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4. 1.
formulaic sequences
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5. Agenda
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3.
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5.
6.
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6. Agenda
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5.
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7. 2.
• L2
“... formulaic language is intrinsically connected
with functional, fluent, communicative language
use. As such, it is just as important as
individual words.” (Schmitt, 2010, p. 12)
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8. 2.
• L2
“... stored and retrieved whole from memory
at the time of use” (Wray, 2002, p. 9)
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9. Saturday, August 20, 2011 9

10. 2.
“holistic hypothesis”
Jiang & Nekrasova, 2007
“I don't know !” by fmgbain http://www.flickr.com/photos/fmgbain/4382010455/
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11. Agenda
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3.
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5.
6.
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12. Agenda
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5.
6.
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13. 3.
Conklin & Schmitt (2008)
Schmitt, Grandage, & Adolphs (2004)
Underwood, Schmitt, & Galpin (2004)
Schmitt & Underwood (2004)
※
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14. 3.
•
“... employed a number of test items that either
were not typically considered formulaic
sequences or were unknown to the
participants.” (Jiang & Nekrasova, 2007, p. 441)
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15. 3.
•
“... measuring the fluency and accuracy in an
oral-dictation task and measuring reading times
in a self-paced reading task might not be direct
enough …” (Jiang & Nekrasova, 2007, p. 441)
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16. ...
•
•
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17. Jiang & Nekrasova (2007)
• 22 22
•
• 22
• 22
• 22
•
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18. Jiang & Nekrasova (2007)
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19. Jiang & Nekrasova (2007)
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20. Jiang & Nekrasova (2007) 2
1400
1367
1200
1187 1198
1000 1039 1080
800 908
600
400
200
0
NS NNS
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21. Jiang & Nekrasova (2007)
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22. Saturday, August 20, 2011 22

23. Saturday, August 20, 2011 23

24. Saturday, August 20, 2011 24

25. Agenda
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3.
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6.
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26. Agenda
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6.
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27. Saturday, August 20, 2011 27

28. (1)
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29. (2)
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30. 4.
• 54
52
• 22.81 SD=1.19
• TOEIC 540.58 SD=119.22
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31. 4.
• Jiang & Nekrasova (2007) 2
Appendix 1
•
•
•
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32. 4.
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33. 4.
on the other hand
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34. Agenda
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6.
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35. Agenda
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6.
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36. 5.
― “ ”―
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37. 5.
― “ ”
t
p.11
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38. 5.
― “ ”―
t
p.12
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39. Saturday, August 20, 2011 39

40. (1)
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41. (1)
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42. (2)
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43. (2)
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44. (1) (2)
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47. 5.
•
• cf. Appendix 1
•
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48. 5.
•
•
• e.g., take food in the night
•
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49. Agenda
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6.
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50. Agenda
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57. twitter: @sakaue
e-mail: tsakaue@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
e-mail: skida@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
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