This document discusses cancer formation (carcinogenesis) through the interaction of activator and repressor proteins with CpG islands and methylation. During normal DNA transcription and expression, activator proteins are needed, but after neoplastic transformation, promoter regions become hypermethylated due to mutations, energy levels, and chronic inflammation. This hypermethylation prevents transcription factor binding, while mutations allow expression through hypomethylated promoter regions and aberrant ligand signaling pathways.