DHS vs. Service Data
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The document compares estimates of HIV prevalence, caesarean section rates, and maternal health indicators between different data sources in multiple countries. For HIV prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa, estimates from antenatal clinic surveillance tend to be higher than household surveys nationally but more similar when limited to areas near clinics. Caesarean section rates from national surveys in developing countries also tend to be higher than rates reported in health facility records. Estimates of indicators like institutional births and caesarean sections in Peru from national health information systems understate rates compared to demographic and health surveys due to limited private health sector coverage in routine data.
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Tuesday, December 8, 2015
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
International lancet worldwide burden of hiv in transgender women a systema...
The document summarizes a systematic review and meta-analysis of worldwide HIV prevalence among transgender women. It finds an overall pooled HIV prevalence of 19.1% among 11,066 transgender women across 15 countries. Prevalence was higher in high-income countries (21.6%) than in low- and middle-income countries (17.7%). The odds of HIV infection were 48.8 times higher for transgender women compared to all adults of reproductive age in the same countries. The analysis suggests transgender women represent a very high-risk population for HIV globally.
LEWIS_Chantal_Biostats_Poster_drat_2
This document presents a study examining the association between age of sexual debut and later STD diagnosis among adult females in the United States. The study used 2011-2012 NHANES data of 1,540 women who had been sexually active. It found that 5% had sexual debut before age 14, 54% between 14-18 years, and 41% after 18 years. 21% reported being diagnosed with an STD. Women who had sexual debut before age 14 and after 18 years were more likely to be diagnosed with an STD compared to those between 14-18 years, although only the association for those after 18 remained significant after adjusting for socioeconomic factors.
Measuring the Vital Events in the Communities of Africa
The document discusses measuring vital events like births and deaths in communities in Africa. It notes that millions of people in Africa are born and die without any records. It then discusses various interim measures to collect this data like surveys and health surveillance systems. It also describes SAVVY, a sample registration system to routinely monitor vital events through demographic surveillance and verbal autopsies to determine causes of death in a nationally representative sample. Countries where SAVVY has been implemented or verbal autopsies conducted after surveys are also mentioned.
Hepatitis C Risk Assessment, Testing and Referral for Treatment in primary Ca...
Dr. Robert Winn worked with a team to determine rates of hepatitis C (HCV) risk factor ascertainment, testing, and referral in urban primary care practices, with particular attention to the effect of race and ethnicity.
e632 www.thelancet.comhiv Vol 6 September 2019Viewpoi
e632 www.thelancet.com/hiv Vol 6 September 2019
Viewpoint
The disconnect between individual-level and population-level
HIV prevention benefits of antiretroviral treatment
Stefan Baral, Amrita Rao, Patrick Sullivan, Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya, Daouda Diouf, Greg Millett, Helgar Musyoki, Elvin Geng, Sharmistha Mishra
In 2019, the HIV pandemic is growing and soon over 40 million people will be living with HIV. Effective population-
based approaches to decrease HIV incidence are as relevant as ever given modest reductions observed over the past
decade. Treatment as prevention is often heralded as the path to improve HIV outcomes and to reduce HIV
incidence. Although treatment of an individual does eliminate onward transmission to serodifferent partners
(unde tectable=untransmittable or U=U), population-level observational and experimental data have not shown a similar
effect with scale-up of treatment on reducing HIV incidence. This disconnect might be the result of little attention given
to heterogeneities of HIV acquisition and transmission risks that exist in people at risk for and living with HIV, even in
the most broadly generalised epidemics. Available data suggest that HIV treatment is treatment, HIV prevention is
prevention, and specificity of HIV treatment approaches towards people at highest risk of onward transmission drives
the intersection between the two. All people living with HIV deserve HIV treatment, but both more accurately estimating
and optimising the potential HIV prevention effects of universal treatment approaches necessitates understanding who
is being supported with treatment rather than a focus on treatment targets such as 90-90-90 or 95-95-95.
Introduction
In 2019, we are at a pivotal time in the global HIV response
in that many people believe that the HIV pandemic is
over given the advances in HIV treatment.1 Yet the HIV
pandemic continues to grow as defined by numbers of
people living with HIV. Specifically, given the encouraging
decreases in overall mortality among people living with
HIV, in the context of universal treat ment as prevention,
approximately 930 000 more people annually (1·7 million
new infections minus 770 000 deaths of people living with
HIV) require anti retroviral therapy (ART) and many more
would need to change ART regimens. At the current rate
of new infections, over 40 million people will be living
with HIV by 2025.2 The global optimism about the HIV
pandemic has not been matched by decreases in new
HIV infections. New infections have declined by less than
2% per year since 2005, which means that between
1·8 and 2·5 million people acquired HIV in 2017.2,3 To
date, just over 60% of the 37·9 million people living with
HIV are on ART; of those 37·9 million, just over half
(20·1 million) are estimated to have achieved viral sup
pression.2 Taken together, these data suggest that an
estimated 18 million people living with HIV require ART
or improved ART regimens giv ...
2014 Epidemiological Update by Dr. Kathleen Brady
The document summarizes HIV care continuum and engagement in care data for Philadelphia. Key points:
- In 2010, 82% of those diagnosed with HIV in Philadelphia were linked to care, 54% remained in care, 49% were on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 38% had suppressed viral loads.
- Engagement in care varies by demographic group - males, blacks, Latinos, MSM, and younger age groups have lower rates of retention, ART use, and viral suppression compared to females, whites, heterosexuals, and older adults.
- 18% of those living with HIV/AIDS in the Philadelphia area had unmet needs for primary medical care in 2012, with higher
2014 Epidemiological Update by Dr. Kathleen Brady
Dr. Kathleen Brady (AACO)'s annual epidemiological update. This presentation was given to the Philadelphia EMA Ryan White Planning Council on Thursday, February 20, 2014.
HIV Epidemiology in the Prairies
The document discusses HIV epidemiology in Saskatchewan, highlighting that the province has seen a rapid increase in new HIV cases and now has the highest rates in Canada. It summarizes Saskatchewan's 2010-2013 HIV Strategy, which aims to reduce new infections and improve quality of life for those living with HIV through improved surveillance, clinical management, prevention, and harm reduction programs. The strategy goals include earlier detection of cases, decreasing new infections and sexually transmitted infections, and increasing access to testing, care, and prevention services.
Best Practices in STD Follow Up and Case Management
This workshop is designed to talk about the impact of STDs on youth under the age of 25. This workshop will discuss the importance of sexual health screenings, partner management, and current data around STD morbidity rates. We will also talk about current STD clinical recommendations for the treatment of gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis. Participants will engage in an interactive activity where they will sharpen their skills on effective partner management strategies.
RHINO Gender and Health Information Systems Forum Kick-off Webinar
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The HIV Engagement in Care Cascade by Dr. Kathleen Brady
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A Post-Census Mortality Survey to Capture HIV/AIDS Deaths
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Chris Beyrer: "State of the Science: Key populations"
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International lancet worldwide burden of hiv in transgender women a systema...
International lancet worldwide burden of hiv in transgender women a systema...
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Hepatitis C Risk Assessment, Testing and Referral for Treatment in primary Ca...
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Best Practices in STD Follow Up and Case Management
Best Practices in STD Follow Up and Case Management
RHINO Gender and Health Information Systems Forum Kick-off Webinar
RHINO Gender and Health Information Systems Forum Kick-off Webinar
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Country Health Systems Surveillance (Chess) En
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This document outlines the strategic workplan for the Country Health Systems Surveillance (CHeSS) platform. CHeSS aims to improve the availability, quality, and use of health data at the country level to inform health sector reviews and planning, as well as global monitoring efforts. It will pursue this goal through three main workstreams: 1) Improving access to and analysis of health data, 2) Addressing data gaps, and 3) Building institutional capacity for health information systems. A rapid country assessment of current health information practices, demand, supply, and capacity will inform the CHeSS approach in each country.
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This document outlines the strategic workplan for the Country Health Systems Surveillance (CHeSS) platform, which aims to improve the availability, quality, and use of health data at the country level. The main goal is to strengthen countries' ability to monitor their health systems and inform planning processes. This will be achieved through three workstreams: 1) Improving access to and analysis of health data; 2) Addressing gaps in health data; and 3) Building institutional capacity for health information systems. A rapid assessment of countries will evaluate demand and use of health information, data availability and quality, and institutional capacity. The first workstream focuses on increasing access to databases, communicating key health indicators, and making analytic reports more accessible
Country Health Systems Surveillance
This document outlines the strategic workplan for the Country Health Systems Surveillance (CHeSS) platform. CHeSS aims to improve the availability, quality, and use of health data at the country level to inform health sector reviews and planning. It also seeks to strengthen global health monitoring while minimizing country reporting burdens. The workplan focuses on three main areas: 1) Improving access to and analysis of health data through a web-based platform; 2) Addressing data gaps; and 3) Building institutional capacity in countries. The first workstream specifically aims to provide easier access to country health statistics, tools, reports, and standards through an online portal maintained by WHO.
Information Communication Technology in Routine Health Information Systems
Information Communication Technology in Routine Health Information SystemsRoutine Health Information NetwOrk (RHINO)
The document discusses challenges faced with routine health information systems (RHIS) in several African countries and how the District Health Information Software (DHIS) was used to address them. Some key points:
- Countries were using Excel spreadsheets and rigid databases that couldn't adapt to changing needs or integrate different programs.
- DHIS standardized data collection, allowed customization by local staff, and integrated vertical programs into a single system with improved analysis capabilities.
- It helped countries like Zimbabwe import historical data, Myanmar manage quarterly TB data, and Liberia develop an essential indicator dataset across all programs.
- DHIS also facilitated data collection in multiple languages like English and French in the DRC. LocalTime trends & patterns, TB
The document discusses methods for assessing the quality of health surveillance data used to monitor disease trends and inform public health programs and policies. It describes key factors that can impact data quality, such as changes in case finding efforts, recording and reporting systems, and case definitions. The document outlines indicators and analytical approaches that can help identify issues with completeness, consistency, and reliability of notification data over time and across regions. This includes checks for unusual fluctuations, variations in notification rates, and consistency of case type proportions. The next steps proposed are to establish data quality review units, conduct in-depth analyses guided by quality checks, and develop online platforms to share best practices.
Assessment & adjustment for data quality used in the South African DISTRICT ...
Assessment & adjustment for data quality used in the South African DISTRICT ...Routine Health Information NetwOrk (RHINO)
This document summarizes an assessment of data sources and quality used in South Africa's District Health Barometer. It finds that census and vital statistics data are generally adequate, while population surveys, health records, service records, and resource records are only present but not adequate. Health records in particular have problems of being burdensome, incomplete, of poor quality, and having inadequate staffing. The document reviews challenges with health data management and discusses specific issues with HIV prevalence data sources and vital statistics reporting.Country Health Systems Surveillance (Chess) E N
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The document discusses innovations in information and communication technologies (ICT) for health information systems. It addresses questions around integrating data from different sources, achieving interoperability and standardization, dealing with uneven infrastructure across countries, and the role of mobile phones. It proposes a free and open source public health toolkit that leverages existing tools and provides an extensible platform for technology and data integration.
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DHS vs. Service Data
- 1. DHS versus Service Data
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- 10. HIV Prevalence Estimate Comparison: Results
- 17. Caesarian Section Estimate Comparison: Results Caesarian section rates by definition 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 Niger 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.6 2.0 Morocco 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.9 1.1 Mali Not available 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.6 Haiti (3 depts) 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.1 1.1 Burkina Faso 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.9 Benin (3 depts) UON ‘E’ UON ‘D’ UON ‘C’ DHS ‘B’ DHS ‘A’ Country
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