The Russian Revolution was caused by growing unrest against the oppressive rule of Tsar Nicholas II. [1] Factory workers labored for long hours in poor conditions and low pay and joined revolutionary groups like the Bolsheviks calling for change. [2] Figures like Vladimir Lenin and Grigori Rasputin influenced events, with Lenin leading the Bolsheviks to overthrow the monarchy and Rasputin gaining favor with the royal family. [3] This ultimately led to the deaths of Nicholas II and his family at the hands of the Bolsheviks in 1918, ending centuries of imperial rule in Russia.