MA RD 511 ; Rural Development: Approaches, Discourses and Theories

1. Rural livelihood approach (RLA)
By:
Khemraj Subedi
Associate Professor
M. Phil
PhD Scholar

4. Definition of Livelihood
• According to Ellis (1998) , “A Livelihood can be defined
as the activities, the assets and the access that jointly
determine the living gained by an individual or
household.”
• When it comes to an individual, a livelihood is the
ability of that individual to obtain the basic necessities
in life, which are food, water, shelter and clothing.
Therefore all activities involved in finding food,
searching for water, shelter, clothing and all necessities
required for human survival at individual and
household level are referred to as a livelihood.

11. Livelihood Diversification Framework

14. References
 Ellis F (1996) Rural livelihood diversity in developing countries: evidence and
policy implications,
(40). Retrieved from http://ww.smallstock.info/reference/ODI/odinrp40.pdf
 Ellis F (1998) Household strategies and rural livelihood diversification. J Dev
Stud 35(1):1–38.
http://doi.org/10.1080/00220389808422553
 Ellis F (2000) The determinants of rural livelihood diversification in developing
countries. J Agric
Econ 51(2):289–302. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9552.2000.tb01229.x
 Barbier EB, Hochard JP (2014) Poverty and the spatial distribution of rural
population (SSRN
Scholarly Paper No. ID 2522735). Social Science Research Network, Rochester,
NY
 Boccia D, Hargreaves J, Lönnroth K, Jaramillo E, Weiss J, Uplekar M, Evans CA
(2011) Cash transfer and microfinance interventions for tuberculosis control:
review of the impact evidence
and policy implications. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 15(6):37–49.
http://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.10.
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15. • Thank you
• Any Questions