This document defines gender discrimination as unequal treatment based solely on gender, through prejudice or denial of opportunities. It discusses common gender stereotypes that arise from socially prescribed roles, such as women being nurturing and men being ambitious. Examples are given of how gender discrimination manifests through media, religion, culture, family interactions, and in the workplace through limitations, salary differences, and harassment. Institutions aimed at combating discrimination are mentioned. The document calls for an end to gender discrimination.

1. Gender Discrimination
Romania, 07th-11th of February 2022
”New approaches opposite old stereotypes”
(Erasmus +, no 2020-1-PL01-KA229-081684_2)

2. Definition
• Gender Discrimination = any situation where a person is denied an opportunity or
misjudged solely on the basis of their sex;
= any unequal treatment based on gender and may also be
referred to as sexism;
= any situation where a person shows a prejudice towards
another that would not occur had they been the opposite sex.
• Synonyms = Gender inequality, Gender bias, Sexism
(Alex C. Michalos, Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research; UNICEF.
(2007). Gender discrimination across the life cycle; UNICEF. (2011). Division of policy and
practice. Boys and girls in the life cycle)

3. Gender Stereotypes
• Gender Stereotypes arise from the socially approved roles of women and
men in the private or public sphere, at home or in the workplace.
• In the household, women are seen as mother figures, which usually places
them into a typical classification of being "supportive" or "nurturing".
Women are expected to want to take on the role of a mother and take on
primary responsibility for household needs. Their male counterparts are seen
as being "assertive" or "ambitious" as men are usually seen in the workplace.
• Women often face discrimination in the public sphere, such as the
workplace. Women are stereotyped to be less productive at work because
they are believed to focus more on family when they get married or have
children. A gender role is a set of societal norms dictating the types of
behaviors. Gender roles are usually centered on conceptions of femininity
and masculinity.

4. Ways of Gender Discrimination
• TV & Cinema : the woman -
disadvantaged and fragile / the man –
strong.
• Religion: the woman is lower than man.
• Culture: In many parts of the world, it is
perfectly normal and acceptable to
consider that persons of one sex have a
lower value than the other sex.
• Family: groups of people of the same sex
have a habit of getting together and
making fun of people of the opposite sex.

5. Inequality in employment
• Loss of talent and innovation
• Violation of fundamental human rights
• Limiting to certain professions
(constructions, politicians, police, army
– for women; babysitting, secretary,
management assistant – for men)
• Salary differences
• Limitation of management functions

6. Examples of Gender Discrimination
• Bullying at job
• Domestic violence
• Human trafficking
• Sexual Harassment

7. GenderStereotypes

8. Institutions of anti-discrimination
 National Council for Combating
Discrimination (Romania)
 European Court of Human Rights
(Strasbourg - France)

9. Sitography
• https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-94-007-
0753-5_1126
• http://www.unicef.org/sowc07/docs/sowc07_panel_1_1.pdf
• http://www.unicef.it/doc/2964/boys-and-girls-in-the-life-cycle.htm
• https://www.bns.ro/images/nediscriminarea.pdf

10. STOP GENDER DISCRIMINATION!