The Roman Colosseum, built between 70-72 A.D. under Emperor Vespasian, is the largest amphitheater in the world and a symbol of ancient Rome. Designed to host gladiator games and various forms of entertainment, it could accommodate around 50,000 spectators and was constructed using over 60,000 Jewish slaves. Despite suffering damage from natural disasters, it remains a popular tourist attraction and a testament to Roman engineering.