Religion and culture are essential elements of humanity, and it is through communication, that these elements of humanity are mediated.
Whether exploring these terms in health, interpersonal, intercultural, intergroup, mass, or other communication contexts, it is evident that understanding the intersection(s) among religion, culture, and communication offers vast opportunities for researchers and practitioners.
The document summarizes the results of a questionnaire about advertisement preferences distributed to 20 people. Key findings include: the artist and design are most attractive elements; electro pop evokes feelings of fast and trippy; the image is the most important visual element; brighter colors are most eye-catching; and the "Academic" font fits best with the naive theme. Graphics were preferred over images. Most felt advertisement design could impact class/culture. The results will influence the group's album advertisement design to maximize appeal.
The document is a survey questionnaire for a study on the influence of advertisements on teenagers' buying behavior. It contains questions in three sections: background information of respondents, perceptions on advertisements, and personal experiences purchasing products after seeing advertisements. The background section collects demographic data on respondents like gender, age, education level, and monthly allowance. The perceptions section asks questions about beliefs in advertising, influence of ads on shopping trends, and media attention. The personal experience section inquires about recent purchases influenced by ads and satisfaction with those purchases. The survey aims to understand teenagers' views and behaviors regarding advertisements.
Mass media plays an important role in social movements by informing large groups of people and helping to generate collective action and public opinion. It can positively provide information, education, and a platform to express ideas and grievances. However, media can also be manipulated by interest groups and used to bias people for political gain. The role of media in social movements can have both positive impacts like keeping people informed and reflecting society, but also negative impacts such as spreading misinformation, bias, and cyber crimes.
The questionnaire aims to gather consumer information about billboard advertisements for a regional magazine to help create a media product that meets consumer needs and targets a specific audience. It asks respondents about their preferences for colors, image styles, locations to place posters, inclusion of social media references, use of celebrities, attention paid to billboards, and influence of billboards on magazine purchases.
Cause-related marketing refers to cooperative efforts between for-profit businesses and non-profits that provide mutual benefits. It links a company's products or services to a social cause to increase awareness, sales, and support for the cause. Examples of successful cause-related marketing campaigns in India include Aircel's support for tiger conservation through its "Save the Tigers" campaign, and Tata Tea's voter registration campaign called "Jaago Re."
1. Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated over time among members of a social system. It involves an innovation, communication channels, time, and a social system.
2. The innovation-decision process includes knowledge of the innovation, forming an attitude, deciding to adopt or reject, implementing the innovation, and confirming the decision.
3. Innovativeness refers to how early an individual adopts innovations compared to others. Adopter categories include innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority, and laggards.
A Study on the Impact of Social Media Marketing on Consumer Behaviorijtsrd
The fastest and developed, adoption of social media on consumer behavior provides different new things of new marketing on a new product. Todays the internet, social media has been taken the status of high growth of every firm growth and these technology changes ways of doing business in their business world. Social media marketing for every organization, firms can adopt their own technology to advertising their products. In this research, we can assess the impact of social media marketing on consumer behavior towards buying a product or marketing a decision to buy a new product. While social media marketing also assess the impact a promotion marketing and door to door marketing. In this study totally 250 questionnaires were distributed among the colleges students and got back responses from 200questionnaire only. The research used convenient simple random sampling method. Researcher were used statistical tools such as Multiple regression analysis, ANOVA, Chi Square test, and Simple Percentage Analysis and interpret the analysis finally results shows that the positive impact on the social media marketing on consumer behavior. Mr. S. Ganesan | Mr. M. Suresh "A Study on the Impact of Social Media Marketing on Consumer Behavior" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30487.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/30487/a-study-on-the-impact-of-social-media-marketing-on-consumer-behavior/mr-s-ganesan
Here are two examples from my own experiences:
1. Normative influence: In high school, I started listening to a certain type of music just because it was popular among my friends, even though it wasn't necessarily my personal taste. I wanted to fit in with the group.
2. Informational influence: When I visited a new city, I followed the crowds to figure out which subway line to take to get to the downtown area. Since I didn't know the system well, I relied on others seeming to know where they were going.
The document summarizes the results of a questionnaire about advertisement preferences distributed to 20 people. Key findings include: the artist and design are most attractive elements; electro pop evokes feelings of fast and trippy; the image is the most important visual element; brighter colors are most eye-catching; and the "Academic" font fits best with the naive theme. Graphics were preferred over images. Most felt advertisement design could impact class/culture. The results will influence the group's album advertisement design to maximize appeal.
The document is a survey questionnaire for a study on the influence of advertisements on teenagers' buying behavior. It contains questions in three sections: background information of respondents, perceptions on advertisements, and personal experiences purchasing products after seeing advertisements. The background section collects demographic data on respondents like gender, age, education level, and monthly allowance. The perceptions section asks questions about beliefs in advertising, influence of ads on shopping trends, and media attention. The personal experience section inquires about recent purchases influenced by ads and satisfaction with those purchases. The survey aims to understand teenagers' views and behaviors regarding advertisements.
Mass media plays an important role in social movements by informing large groups of people and helping to generate collective action and public opinion. It can positively provide information, education, and a platform to express ideas and grievances. However, media can also be manipulated by interest groups and used to bias people for political gain. The role of media in social movements can have both positive impacts like keeping people informed and reflecting society, but also negative impacts such as spreading misinformation, bias, and cyber crimes.
The questionnaire aims to gather consumer information about billboard advertisements for a regional magazine to help create a media product that meets consumer needs and targets a specific audience. It asks respondents about their preferences for colors, image styles, locations to place posters, inclusion of social media references, use of celebrities, attention paid to billboards, and influence of billboards on magazine purchases.
Cause-related marketing refers to cooperative efforts between for-profit businesses and non-profits that provide mutual benefits. It links a company's products or services to a social cause to increase awareness, sales, and support for the cause. Examples of successful cause-related marketing campaigns in India include Aircel's support for tiger conservation through its "Save the Tigers" campaign, and Tata Tea's voter registration campaign called "Jaago Re."
1. Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated over time among members of a social system. It involves an innovation, communication channels, time, and a social system.
2. The innovation-decision process includes knowledge of the innovation, forming an attitude, deciding to adopt or reject, implementing the innovation, and confirming the decision.
3. Innovativeness refers to how early an individual adopts innovations compared to others. Adopter categories include innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority, and laggards.
A Study on the Impact of Social Media Marketing on Consumer Behaviorijtsrd
The fastest and developed, adoption of social media on consumer behavior provides different new things of new marketing on a new product. Todays the internet, social media has been taken the status of high growth of every firm growth and these technology changes ways of doing business in their business world. Social media marketing for every organization, firms can adopt their own technology to advertising their products. In this research, we can assess the impact of social media marketing on consumer behavior towards buying a product or marketing a decision to buy a new product. While social media marketing also assess the impact a promotion marketing and door to door marketing. In this study totally 250 questionnaires were distributed among the colleges students and got back responses from 200questionnaire only. The research used convenient simple random sampling method. Researcher were used statistical tools such as Multiple regression analysis, ANOVA, Chi Square test, and Simple Percentage Analysis and interpret the analysis finally results shows that the positive impact on the social media marketing on consumer behavior. Mr. S. Ganesan | Mr. M. Suresh "A Study on the Impact of Social Media Marketing on Consumer Behavior" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30487.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/30487/a-study-on-the-impact-of-social-media-marketing-on-consumer-behavior/mr-s-ganesan
Here are two examples from my own experiences:
1. Normative influence: In high school, I started listening to a certain type of music just because it was popular among my friends, even though it wasn't necessarily my personal taste. I wanted to fit in with the group.
2. Informational influence: When I visited a new city, I followed the crowds to figure out which subway line to take to get to the downtown area. Since I didn't know the system well, I relied on others seeming to know where they were going.
This document provides an overview of the key concepts of e-marketing. It begins by defining e-marketing and discussing how it uses digital media and the internet as an addition to traditional marketing approaches. It then explores the differences between internet marketing, e-marketing and e-commerce. The document outlines the objectives, global scenario, and various methods of e-marketing such as banner ads, pop-ups, viral marketing techniques. It also discusses the e-marketing mix, advantages of e-marketing, and concludes with two case studies about how companies have successfully used e-CRM and viral marketing strategies.
The developmental state: the nature of statal policy and institutional reformCosty Costantinos
1. The document discusses the concept of developmental states and their applicability in Africa. It analyzes the experiences of developmental states in Asia and their differences compared to African states.
2. It examines Ethiopia's potential to establish a developmental state through policy and institutional reforms. Key recommendations include enhancing the state's role in economic transformation through disciplined planning, building democratic developmental states, and ensuring state interventions avoid rent-seeking.
3. The author argues that for Ethiopia to nurture a developmental state, it needs political will and capacity for policies derived through consultation, a competent bureaucracy based on merit, and a developmentalist coalition between leadership, private sector, and civil society.
This document discusses different types of advertisements and their purposes. Advertisements are meant to persuade audiences to take action on products, services, and ideas. The main purposes of advertisements are to inform people about new offerings, persuade them to buy products or use services, and remind people about the organization. Different types of advertisements include mold, electronic, digital interactive, and out-of-home advertisements. The language used in advertisements should be simple, clear, short, attractive, and persuasive to convince customers.
Top 25 IDNs by number of ACO affiliations: 49 hospitals in-network, $9.4 billion in net patient revenue
Types of ACOs: CMS ACO Models, Medicaid ACOs, Commercial ACO
The marketing research problem involves examining how consumers evaluate products and make purchase decisions. Specifically, it aims to understand the impact of the self-reference criterion (SRC), which refers to judging other cultures based on one's own cultural standards and experiences.
1. Domestically, factors like preferences, values and economic conditions shape consumer behavior.
2. In foreign markets, additional considerations include differing cultural norms, beliefs and economic environments. Local consumer perspectives must be understood on their own terms without judgment.
3. The SRC complicates the problem by influencing how researchers from one culture study others. One's own cultural lens can distort the interpretation of foreign consumer behavior.
4. To address the problem, the SRC influence must be removed
Focus groups have been used in various contexts for research, pedagogy, and political purposes. They can take place in formal settings with predetermined topics or informal spaces to freely discuss experiences. Educators like Paulo Freire and Jonathan Kozol used focus groups and study circles to facilitate collective empowerment and transformation through reflection on social and political circumstances. Feminist consciousness-raising groups also utilized focus groups as a way for women to share experiences, recognize injustices, and initiate positive change. Researchers have conducted focus groups to understand public perceptions and audience dynamics. Overall, focus groups provide a community for inquiry, discussion, and potential empowerment.
A study on e – commerce and online shopping issues and influencesIAEME Publication
This document discusses a study on e-commerce and online shopping in India. It provides background on the growth of e-commerce and online shopping in India in recent years. Some key points:
- Online shopping in India saw 128% growth in consumer interest from 2011-2012, compared to 40% growth the prior year. Categories like apparel, consumer electronics, and books are most popular.
- The document outlines objectives of the study, methodology used, and reasons for the growth of e-commerce like changing lifestyles, income growth, and increased internet usage.
- Essentials for effective online shopping discussed are security, easy navigation, product variety, awareness creation, quick service, and appealing website
The document outlines the key steps in developing an effective e-marketing plan, including conducting a situation analysis, identifying target stakeholders, setting objectives, designing marketing mix strategies, developing an action plan, budget, and evaluation plan. It emphasizes the importance of a thorough planning process and having measurable objectives to guide implementation and assess performance.
Advertising effectiveness in mobile phone industryVipin Venganoor
The document discusses advertising effectiveness and how it can be measured. It examines two approaches: the market response approach which looks at the relationship between advertising spending and sales, and the behavioral perspective which focuses on psychological factors like recall, attitude, and purchase intention. Recall and attitude are commonly used measures of advertising effectiveness as they can predict future brand choice and behavior. The document also reviews literature on the relationship between creative advertising and advertising effectiveness, finding that creative advertising generally has a positive influence on effectiveness measures like recall, attitude, and purchase intention.
This document discusses values education in media. It defines values and identifies some myths promoted by media, such as the ideas that the world is dangerous and requires weapons, or that happiness comes from products. The document also explains how media can distort traditional values by promoting violence, disrespect, and profanity. It provides guidelines from the Bible and advertising codes of ethics for morally upright, inspiring, and Christ-centered media. Students are assigned projects opposing media myths through posters and discussing films that follow biblical media guidelines.
The document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 1 of the book "Marketing 4.0". It discusses how increased connectivity has led to power shifts where customers now have more influence than brands. It also describes how connectivity has transformed customer behavior and led to the rise of online communities. Specifically, it notes how power has shifted from exclusive to inclusive, vertical to horizontal, and individual to social forces. Brands must now view customers as peers in online communities rather than just targets. The implications for marketing strategy formulation are that brands must engage with online customer groups and communities.
The document provides an overview of grounded theory methods, noting the diversity of approaches that have developed since its introduction and highlighting key components of the methodology such as simultaneous data collection and analysis, coding practices, and grounding emerging theories in qualitative data to develop conceptual categories.
This document provides an introduction to cybersecurity ethics. It discusses how ethics is relevant to technology and cybersecurity given that technologies impact human lives and opportunities. Some key ethical issues in cybersecurity include:
- Cybersecurity practices aim to protect data, systems and networks that support important human institutions and practices, and therefore impact individuals' ability to live well.
- New technologies are transforming society rapidly, outpacing legal frameworks. This increases the need for technical experts to consider ethical impacts of their work.
- Technologies can distribute benefits and harms unevenly, raising issues of justice and fairness.
- As systems become more interconnected and vulnerable, cybersecurity professionals face challenges in balancing security with factors like costs, transparency
The document discusses various theories and factors related to consumer motivation. It describes how consumer motivation stems from the desire to satisfy both physiological and psychological needs. It outlines different types of consumer needs according to Maslow's hierarchy, including physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. The document also discusses motivational conflict that can arise when satisfying one need comes at the expense of another need. Marketers use benefit segmentation and various strategies to motivate consumers based on their different priority needs.
The document provides an overview of the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT) framework proposed by Trevor Pinch and Wiebe Bijker. It discusses the authors and key aspects of SCOT such as interpretative flexibility, closure mechanisms, and the connection between closure and society. Criticisms of SCOT from scholars such as Langdon Winner and alternatives like Technological Determinism are also summarized. Finally, e-learning is presented as a case study for applying SCOT analysis.
Many churches and other public places were closed, and social distancing is advocated by the World Health Organization to serve as a means to curtail the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. This has hindered the pastoral ministry of many pastors in Nigeria to their church members. This study explores how pastors are making use of the Internet as an alternative means of pastoral ministry and to what extent Internet ministry is effective in pastoral ministry during the pandemic. Some open-ended questions were sent randomly to some pastors through WhatsApp Messenger. The pastors responded either by WhatsApp or email. There were further correspondences with some of the respondents through WhatsApp and phone calls. The findings of the study revealed that while some of the respondents were using the Internet in their pastoral ministry before the pandemic, most of them started using it during the pandemic, and they agreed that Internet ministry, as an alternative means, is effective to a great extent in their pastoral ministry during the pandemic. Many of them are ready to continue their Internet ministry after the pandemic not only as an alternative means, but also as complementary means to the traditional means of pastoral ministry. Some recommendations and suggestions for further study are made at the end of the paper.
The document discusses issues around media representation of religion in New Zealand. It notes that both the media landscape and religious demography are diverse. Minority religious groups often feel dissatisfied with stereotypical or sensationalized portrayals. The author argues that journalists need better training and expertise around religions to competently cover religious topics and dimensions of news stories. Establishing a working group to develop guidelines around responsible and accurate religious coverage could help address these issues.
The document discusses terrorism and some religious responses. It provides context on the history and toll of terrorism, noting that religious communities have sometimes used terrorism with flimsy religious justification. After events like 9/11, people commonly respond religiously through prayer, memorials, and discourse. The document examines teachings in Islam, Christianity, and Judaism regarding adversaries, noting a diversity of interpretations but priorities of peace in most traditions.
This document provides statistics and information about global Christianity and mission work:
1) There are approximately 2.18 billion Christians worldwide, with Catholics, Protestants, and Orthodox being the largest denominations. The US, Brazil, and Mexico have the most Christians.
2) There are estimated to be 3.7 million Christian congregations worldwide, with 50,000 new congregations added each year. Growth is occurring most in South America, Africa, Asia, and China.
3) Faith-based organizations, many Christian, provide a significant portion of health care in sub-Saharan Africa and are trusted institutions. Regular church attendance is associated with increased life expectancy.
4) The document calls
People's reporter vol. 28, issue 6, march 25 april 10, 2015VIBHUTI PATEL
The WCC Central Committee undertook a visit to Israel and Palestine from March 7-12 to express solidarity with churches and people in the region. The delegation met with church leaders and representatives to discuss supporting peace initiatives and reflecting on the clear wish for a just peace. Despite being a religious minority, Christians are strongly active in public life and working for justice and peace. The WCC is committed to accompanying peace and reconciliation efforts in the Middle East and believes peaceful solutions can only be achieved together with others.
1. The document discusses the positive and negative effects of religion on society through examining Catholicism, Islam, and other faiths.
2. It provides examples of how the development of universities by Catholics positively impacted society, while the Crusades had negative effects through violence and conflict.
3. Islam is described as promoting social cohesion through culture and the mosque, but Islamic fundamentalism has hindered development.
This document provides an overview of the key concepts of e-marketing. It begins by defining e-marketing and discussing how it uses digital media and the internet as an addition to traditional marketing approaches. It then explores the differences between internet marketing, e-marketing and e-commerce. The document outlines the objectives, global scenario, and various methods of e-marketing such as banner ads, pop-ups, viral marketing techniques. It also discusses the e-marketing mix, advantages of e-marketing, and concludes with two case studies about how companies have successfully used e-CRM and viral marketing strategies.
The developmental state: the nature of statal policy and institutional reformCosty Costantinos
1. The document discusses the concept of developmental states and their applicability in Africa. It analyzes the experiences of developmental states in Asia and their differences compared to African states.
2. It examines Ethiopia's potential to establish a developmental state through policy and institutional reforms. Key recommendations include enhancing the state's role in economic transformation through disciplined planning, building democratic developmental states, and ensuring state interventions avoid rent-seeking.
3. The author argues that for Ethiopia to nurture a developmental state, it needs political will and capacity for policies derived through consultation, a competent bureaucracy based on merit, and a developmentalist coalition between leadership, private sector, and civil society.
This document discusses different types of advertisements and their purposes. Advertisements are meant to persuade audiences to take action on products, services, and ideas. The main purposes of advertisements are to inform people about new offerings, persuade them to buy products or use services, and remind people about the organization. Different types of advertisements include mold, electronic, digital interactive, and out-of-home advertisements. The language used in advertisements should be simple, clear, short, attractive, and persuasive to convince customers.
Top 25 IDNs by number of ACO affiliations: 49 hospitals in-network, $9.4 billion in net patient revenue
Types of ACOs: CMS ACO Models, Medicaid ACOs, Commercial ACO
The marketing research problem involves examining how consumers evaluate products and make purchase decisions. Specifically, it aims to understand the impact of the self-reference criterion (SRC), which refers to judging other cultures based on one's own cultural standards and experiences.
1. Domestically, factors like preferences, values and economic conditions shape consumer behavior.
2. In foreign markets, additional considerations include differing cultural norms, beliefs and economic environments. Local consumer perspectives must be understood on their own terms without judgment.
3. The SRC complicates the problem by influencing how researchers from one culture study others. One's own cultural lens can distort the interpretation of foreign consumer behavior.
4. To address the problem, the SRC influence must be removed
Focus groups have been used in various contexts for research, pedagogy, and political purposes. They can take place in formal settings with predetermined topics or informal spaces to freely discuss experiences. Educators like Paulo Freire and Jonathan Kozol used focus groups and study circles to facilitate collective empowerment and transformation through reflection on social and political circumstances. Feminist consciousness-raising groups also utilized focus groups as a way for women to share experiences, recognize injustices, and initiate positive change. Researchers have conducted focus groups to understand public perceptions and audience dynamics. Overall, focus groups provide a community for inquiry, discussion, and potential empowerment.
A study on e – commerce and online shopping issues and influencesIAEME Publication
This document discusses a study on e-commerce and online shopping in India. It provides background on the growth of e-commerce and online shopping in India in recent years. Some key points:
- Online shopping in India saw 128% growth in consumer interest from 2011-2012, compared to 40% growth the prior year. Categories like apparel, consumer electronics, and books are most popular.
- The document outlines objectives of the study, methodology used, and reasons for the growth of e-commerce like changing lifestyles, income growth, and increased internet usage.
- Essentials for effective online shopping discussed are security, easy navigation, product variety, awareness creation, quick service, and appealing website
The document outlines the key steps in developing an effective e-marketing plan, including conducting a situation analysis, identifying target stakeholders, setting objectives, designing marketing mix strategies, developing an action plan, budget, and evaluation plan. It emphasizes the importance of a thorough planning process and having measurable objectives to guide implementation and assess performance.
Advertising effectiveness in mobile phone industryVipin Venganoor
The document discusses advertising effectiveness and how it can be measured. It examines two approaches: the market response approach which looks at the relationship between advertising spending and sales, and the behavioral perspective which focuses on psychological factors like recall, attitude, and purchase intention. Recall and attitude are commonly used measures of advertising effectiveness as they can predict future brand choice and behavior. The document also reviews literature on the relationship between creative advertising and advertising effectiveness, finding that creative advertising generally has a positive influence on effectiveness measures like recall, attitude, and purchase intention.
This document discusses values education in media. It defines values and identifies some myths promoted by media, such as the ideas that the world is dangerous and requires weapons, or that happiness comes from products. The document also explains how media can distort traditional values by promoting violence, disrespect, and profanity. It provides guidelines from the Bible and advertising codes of ethics for morally upright, inspiring, and Christ-centered media. Students are assigned projects opposing media myths through posters and discussing films that follow biblical media guidelines.
The document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 1 of the book "Marketing 4.0". It discusses how increased connectivity has led to power shifts where customers now have more influence than brands. It also describes how connectivity has transformed customer behavior and led to the rise of online communities. Specifically, it notes how power has shifted from exclusive to inclusive, vertical to horizontal, and individual to social forces. Brands must now view customers as peers in online communities rather than just targets. The implications for marketing strategy formulation are that brands must engage with online customer groups and communities.
The document provides an overview of grounded theory methods, noting the diversity of approaches that have developed since its introduction and highlighting key components of the methodology such as simultaneous data collection and analysis, coding practices, and grounding emerging theories in qualitative data to develop conceptual categories.
This document provides an introduction to cybersecurity ethics. It discusses how ethics is relevant to technology and cybersecurity given that technologies impact human lives and opportunities. Some key ethical issues in cybersecurity include:
- Cybersecurity practices aim to protect data, systems and networks that support important human institutions and practices, and therefore impact individuals' ability to live well.
- New technologies are transforming society rapidly, outpacing legal frameworks. This increases the need for technical experts to consider ethical impacts of their work.
- Technologies can distribute benefits and harms unevenly, raising issues of justice and fairness.
- As systems become more interconnected and vulnerable, cybersecurity professionals face challenges in balancing security with factors like costs, transparency
The document discusses various theories and factors related to consumer motivation. It describes how consumer motivation stems from the desire to satisfy both physiological and psychological needs. It outlines different types of consumer needs according to Maslow's hierarchy, including physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. The document also discusses motivational conflict that can arise when satisfying one need comes at the expense of another need. Marketers use benefit segmentation and various strategies to motivate consumers based on their different priority needs.
The document provides an overview of the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT) framework proposed by Trevor Pinch and Wiebe Bijker. It discusses the authors and key aspects of SCOT such as interpretative flexibility, closure mechanisms, and the connection between closure and society. Criticisms of SCOT from scholars such as Langdon Winner and alternatives like Technological Determinism are also summarized. Finally, e-learning is presented as a case study for applying SCOT analysis.
Many churches and other public places were closed, and social distancing is advocated by the World Health Organization to serve as a means to curtail the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. This has hindered the pastoral ministry of many pastors in Nigeria to their church members. This study explores how pastors are making use of the Internet as an alternative means of pastoral ministry and to what extent Internet ministry is effective in pastoral ministry during the pandemic. Some open-ended questions were sent randomly to some pastors through WhatsApp Messenger. The pastors responded either by WhatsApp or email. There were further correspondences with some of the respondents through WhatsApp and phone calls. The findings of the study revealed that while some of the respondents were using the Internet in their pastoral ministry before the pandemic, most of them started using it during the pandemic, and they agreed that Internet ministry, as an alternative means, is effective to a great extent in their pastoral ministry during the pandemic. Many of them are ready to continue their Internet ministry after the pandemic not only as an alternative means, but also as complementary means to the traditional means of pastoral ministry. Some recommendations and suggestions for further study are made at the end of the paper.
The document discusses issues around media representation of religion in New Zealand. It notes that both the media landscape and religious demography are diverse. Minority religious groups often feel dissatisfied with stereotypical or sensationalized portrayals. The author argues that journalists need better training and expertise around religions to competently cover religious topics and dimensions of news stories. Establishing a working group to develop guidelines around responsible and accurate religious coverage could help address these issues.
The document discusses terrorism and some religious responses. It provides context on the history and toll of terrorism, noting that religious communities have sometimes used terrorism with flimsy religious justification. After events like 9/11, people commonly respond religiously through prayer, memorials, and discourse. The document examines teachings in Islam, Christianity, and Judaism regarding adversaries, noting a diversity of interpretations but priorities of peace in most traditions.
This document provides statistics and information about global Christianity and mission work:
1) There are approximately 2.18 billion Christians worldwide, with Catholics, Protestants, and Orthodox being the largest denominations. The US, Brazil, and Mexico have the most Christians.
2) There are estimated to be 3.7 million Christian congregations worldwide, with 50,000 new congregations added each year. Growth is occurring most in South America, Africa, Asia, and China.
3) Faith-based organizations, many Christian, provide a significant portion of health care in sub-Saharan Africa and are trusted institutions. Regular church attendance is associated with increased life expectancy.
4) The document calls
People's reporter vol. 28, issue 6, march 25 april 10, 2015VIBHUTI PATEL
The WCC Central Committee undertook a visit to Israel and Palestine from March 7-12 to express solidarity with churches and people in the region. The delegation met with church leaders and representatives to discuss supporting peace initiatives and reflecting on the clear wish for a just peace. Despite being a religious minority, Christians are strongly active in public life and working for justice and peace. The WCC is committed to accompanying peace and reconciliation efforts in the Middle East and believes peaceful solutions can only be achieved together with others.
1. The document discusses the positive and negative effects of religion on society through examining Catholicism, Islam, and other faiths.
2. It provides examples of how the development of universities by Catholics positively impacted society, while the Crusades had negative effects through violence and conflict.
3. Islam is described as promoting social cohesion through culture and the mosque, but Islamic fundamentalism has hindered development.
Globalization has led to rapid economic growth and rising prosperity in India, creating an urban middle class. However, contrary to predictions, this class has become more religious rather than less. Hinduism legitimates Indian nationalism and the middle class's newfound consumerism. It reconciles traditional renunciation of desires with materialism by teaching that desires reflect divinity when used to motivate work. Similarly, modernized versions of Hinduism allow rituals to "spiritually balance" consumerism. This has contributed to a "Hindu ultra-nationalism" but also widening divisions with religious minorities.
This document discusses the rise of Islamophobia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several fake theories and misinformation spread online blamed Muslims as "super spreaders" of the virus. Social media was used to vilify Muslims and spread religious intolerance. Some media outlets also chose irrelevant pictures of mosques to illustrate COVID-19 stories. In India, many Hindus blamed Muslims for deliberately spreading the virus. This led to anti-Muslim harassment on social media and in the media. The pandemic exacerbated existing societal issues and the scapegoating of Muslims in some countries.
Rough DraftINTRODUCTIONReligion is an important aspect that in.docxjoellemurphey
Rough Draft
INTRODUCTION
Religion is an important aspect that involves collection of cultural systems, beliefs and world views that relate humanity to the aspect of existence. Throughout history, religion has provided people with different answers, thus improving societal cultures and civilization. The study of religion has played a major role both in the past and present. It is also a major force behind human experience. All over the world, religion has offered different lessons to unity, peace, cleansing, conflicts, terrorism, economics, and politics among many others. On the other hand, religious traditions over the years, have laid foundations that promote the principles of human rights, international peace, justice and cohesion. Today, religion has undergone different challenges due evolvement of technology and science. The critics behind this two departments have argued that religion is a thing of the past and that soon it will be out of the way. They have also portrayed religion as a system that does not consider new stages of human existence (Harper, 2010). Comment by Nick Mayrand: Remember that I asked you to only use sources that we covered in class for this paper. I don’t know what this Harper reference is? Since the intro does work pretty well, I’ll let you leave it in here. But I do need you to list the full source information at the end of the paper since you did go outside of our course material.
Though such negative implications have been leveled against religion, many people around the world believe that religion persists any form of nature and is still on the rise. Through the study of religion, people are able to address different global issues and cultural conflicts. Religion is everywhere and improves people’s lives in different faiths that people have such as Christians, Muslims among others. Religious studies are also important because they offer relevance and better understanding to the world we live in.
Question 1
Many authors believe that religion through its diversity has a room for science and skepticism to improve the changing world. Today, it difficult to watch television, newspaper, listen to radio, or use social media without getting religious context and issues being addressed locally or globally. The discipline of religious studies also promote spiritual, social, physical and moral attributes that are necessary in providing reflection of how people behave. People are also able to understand the ultimate purpose of life and their relationship with God. It also gives people ability to understand there practices, beliefs, and teaching, in order to challenge their spiritual development.
According to many theorists, the basic principles of religion offers expression to humanity purpose and meaning. Therefore, though religion has strengths and weaknesses in the society. People need to focus more on the positive outcomes it offers. The weakness side of religion is normally attributed to the fact that some people ...
This document discusses the Catholic Church's response to HIV/AIDS and the politicization of condoms. It summarizes the Church's teachings on sexuality and argues fact-based evidence shows abstinence-based approaches in countries like the Philippines and Uganda have been more effective at reducing HIV transmission than condom promotion. The document also criticizes media attacks on the late Pope John Paul II's stance and defends the Church's focus on caring for AIDS patients through outreach like that of Blessed Theresa of Calcutta.
Religion as a repository of nigeria national communication policy israel udom...Alexander Decker
This document discusses how religion serves as a source for communication policies in Nigeria. It examines two dominant religions in Nigeria - Islam and Christianity. Some key points:
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Role of religious communication during pandemic covid-19
1. Role of Religious
Communication during
Pandemic Covid-19
Presented by
Anshula Garg
PhD Scholar
Department of Communication Management & Technology
Guru Jambeshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana
2. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented us with an
unprecedented global challenge, touching every
community in every nation of the world. The
pandemic is causing systems of work, education,
finance and domestic lives to grind to a halt, affecting
nearly every aspect of people’s lives.
3. Religion, Culture & Communication
Religion and culture are essential elements of humanity, and it is through
communication, that these elements of humanity are mediated.
Whether exploring these terms in health, interpersonal, intercultural, intergroup,
mass, or other communication contexts, it is evident that understanding the
intersection(s) among religion, culture, and communication offers vast
opportunities for researchers and practitioners.
4. Role of religious practices during
Pandemic
Negative aspect
Religious tensions and conflicts
Religious congregations
Fake & Misinformation over social
media
Positive aspect
Removal of anxiety
Removal of stress
Generating the feeling of peace and
rejoiceness among masses
To overcome the stigma among
peoples
5. Cases of religious congregation worldwide
The Head of the main shrine in Qom appealed to the pilgrims to keep coming to the shrine and called it a
place of healing. This apparently led to the unabated spread of the infection, not only within Iran, but around a
dozen neighboring countries (Wright, 2020)
Three Tablighi Jamaat meetings in Malaysia, Pakistan, and India became COVID-19 hotspots.
A Christian congregation in South Korea was the origin of a large number of COVID-19 cases. In the US, a
California megachurch of a Slavic congregation was an epicenter of the virus after public health
officials connected it with 71 cases.
COVID-19 infection rates among the ultra-orthodox Jews of Israel were disproportionately high compared to
other Israelis.
In the northwestern Indian state of Punjab, a 70 year-old Sikh priest, after returning from Italy and Germany,
refused to be self-quarantined. He went on to attend several religious meetings and even visited a Sikh festival
in another city that attracts 300,000 people every day. He succumbed to the COVID-19 infection, and many of
his close contacts tested positive later (Naib, 2020)
About a thousand ISKCON devotees attended a funeral at its temple in Soho, London, on March 21, 2020.
Twenty-one of the attendees tested positive, at least five died, and several are reportedly critical. The United
Kingdom had not implemented a lockdown at that time (Tandon, 2020)
In Malaysia, 513 people tested positive with COVID-19 after attending a religious gathering, pushing the
country to a lockdown.
6. Impact of social media
Fake information got spread that resulted to infodemics
Such misinformation created fear among some religious groups that resulted into
violent acts and crimes.
During survey it is also observed that social media is the main cause of religious
tensions among masses.
7. Results of outbreak and measures
This outbreak has resulted in the spread of stigmatizing and discriminatory actions
towards specific groups and communities. We must remember that the threat and
enemy is the virus, not the people or countries or their religions.--Tijjani
Muhammad BandePresident of the UN General Assembly
During this time, we look up to them to share credible information and stand up
against rumours, violence, and the incitement of hate and advocate for the needs
of vulnerable populations.
8. Arousal of stigma due to pandemic
MOHFW and other
health agencies felt
that this Pandemic
have also resulted in
some stigma too
among peoples.
10. Some examples of religious cohesion
During the pandemic, religions have also played important roles to control the
spread of the coronavirus and religious cohesion were observed
E.g. : The Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) has decided to open 10
burial grounds on the outskirts of Bengaluru city to give patients who have died of
Covid-19 an honorable final farewell, which depicts that religion will be no bar in
such pandemic situation.
The Print has learnt that these 10 new burial grounds will come up on 23 acres of
land across five locations. All religions and sects that bury their dead will be
allowed to use these grounds
11. Role of Scriptures and Religious Teachings
during the pandemic
The Bible encourages followers to “show me your faith apart from your works, and I
will show you my faith by my works”.
The Quran tells us: “If anyone saved a life it would be as if he saved the life of the
whole humanity.”
In Judaism, the preservation of human life takes precedence over all other
commandments, as emphasized in the Talmud.
Prophet Muhammad said: “If you hear of an outbreak of plague in a land, do not
enter it; and if the plague breaks out in a place while you are in it, do not leave that
place.”
12. Ways Religious and Traditional Actors can
apply to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in
their communities
Communicate Timely Information
Engage with Youth
Promote unity and empathy in times of crisis
Guide your community on safe religious practices
Support Your Neighbour
Continue to serve the community
13. Role religious leaders can play during
pandemic
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on 12 May, Saturday in a conference said that religious
leaders around the world can play an important role to deliver solutions in the fight against Covid-
19 pandemic and help people recover from effects of the illness.
He also tweeted that to defeat Covid-19 and build a more sustainable and equitable world, we
need communities to come together. Religious leaders can play a pivotal role to deliver solutions to
not only address the pandemic but to recover better.
Kerida McDonald, a senior adviser for communications for development at UNICEF quoted that
Faith leaders have key role in stopping spread of COVID-19 as faith-based rituals and practices
are an important piece of daily life in many places around the world, but ceremonies such as prayer
services and burials can be dangerous during the pandemic.
In partnership with Religions for Peace, UNICEF developed guidance for faith leaders on how to
adapt religious rituals and practices to maintain as much normalcy as possible, while stopping large
gatherings from becoming super spreader events.
Except these things Religions for Peace (RfP) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), are
joining forces to launch a global Multi-Religious Faith-in-Action Covid-19 Initiative to raise
awareness of the impacts of this pandemic on the world’s youngest citizens.
14. Role of religious leaders during this
pandemic
Gurudwaras distributed the food to the needy persons in huge amount.
On April 8, the chief of All India Imams Organisation, Umer Ahmad Ilyasi, appealed to Muslims
across India to observe Shab-e-Baraat within their homes and adhere strictly to the lockdown rules.
To comply with the social distancing guidelines after the nationwide lockdown order end-March,
temples such as Sri Venkateswara in Tirumala, Jagannath in Puri, Somnath in Gujarat, Siddhivinayak
in Bombay, and numerous other shrines, mosques, synagogues and gurudwaras shut their doors.
Reverend Biju Thampy of a local church in Goregaon in Mumbai, who held an online service
recently, said, “We believe the church is the people and not the building. At a time like this, it is our
number one responsibility to be responsible citizens.”
Protestants and Catholics modified their Easter celebrations, the greatest Christian ritual, in April.
Most churches have resorted to virtual services to convey religious messages to their adherents
since then.
During the fasting month of Ramadan, Muslims were also asked to pray at home, instead of
communal worship in the mosque or yard.
15. Worshippers wearing protective face masks offer Eid al-Fitr prayers in
Tehran, Iran, May 24, 2020 (AP photo by Ebrahim Noroozi).
16. Role of religious leaders during this
pandemic
Pope Francis has urged Christians everywhere to unite in shared moments of prayer, adding:
“Let us remain united. Let us make our closeness felt toward those persons who are the most
lonely and tried.”
Russell Moore, of the Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist
Convention, responding to ignoring the plight of the elderly in the pandemic, said in the New
York Times: “Each human life is more significant than a trillion-dollar gross national product.
Stocks and bonds are important, yes, but human beings are created in the image of God.”
Religious leaders throughout Bangladesh – including in the Rohingya refugee camps – have
agreed to play a key role in the battle against the COVID-19 virus.
Mosque megaphones are traditionally used by imams to call the faithful to prayer. But they
now serve an extra purpose: to disseminate key public health messages.
In Taiwan, religious leaders are collaborating with the government’s epidemic command
centre to respond quickly to the health crisis and protect the people. Taiwan is lauded as a
leading example of a country with good COVID-19 management.
17. Pope Francis delivers a prayer in an empty St. Peter’s Square in the
Vatican, March 27, 2020 (AP photo by Alessandra Tarantino).
18. Role of religious leaders in overcoming the fear
and taking preventive measures during
pandemic
To reduce the need for in-person gatherings, religious leaders are coming up with innovative and creative
options that have inspired their communities to accept and adapt to the new reality.
Pew data released in March indicates that most Americans who attend religious services regularly
have transitioned to online observance. Some pastors now offer drive-through church services and host
fellowship meetings over Zoom, while some Christian communities offer virtual baptisms and even
weddings.
To reduce the need for in-person gatherings, religious leaders are coming up with innovative, creative
options, inspiring their communities to adapt to the new reality.
Above all, religious groups help people find meaning and maintain hope in the face of threats and
disrupted lives. When people are afraid and lonely, they seek comfort and explanations for their suffering,
as well as glimpses of hope. According to a recent Pew survey, a quarter of Americans say their faith has
become stronger because of the pandemic.
Many surveys indicate that religious leaders are often among the most trusted categories of leaders.
Although churches are indeed empty in Western Europe and church buildings even go on sale, 70% of the
population in North America identifies as Christian. Islam is growing rapidly in Russia. The latest global
research shows 84% of adults say religion is important.
19. Buddhist monks wear face shields and masks to
protect themselves from COVID-19 while
collecting alms in Bangkok, Thailand. Photo
by: Chalinee Thirasupa / Reuters
20. Various nations take over religious
communication during pandemic
The government has acknowledged other religions: Protestant and Catholic
Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism and Confucianism.
In Indonesia, it has shown religions can be used as realistic means to help combat
the spread of COVID-19.
In Bangladesh, religions have responded to the health crisis by offering both
spiritual and material relief.
The Vatican has changed its liturgies online and provided guidelines for new
prayers to deal with the pandemic.
In India too laid down the stone and bhoomi pujan of Ram Mandir is seen as the
positive sign of this 2020 year, by the citizens of country in this bad of time
pandemic-covid-19.
21. In conclusion
Therefore it can be said that:
Religious practices makes a person Energetic
Positivity increases as well as negativity, anxiety and stress level decreases
Some spiritual & religious ways such as – meditation, havans, yagyas, spiritual music and keertanas
helps us to fulfilled with positive energy.
Religious activities makes a good effects on some essence of life such as -heart ,feelings, thoughts,
mind and soul
As if human is happy and full of rejoiceness his immunity get boost own self.
Peace and joy is its main outcome .
Aroma and the waves generates from of the havans and ygya , chantting of bells, shankhas cleans
the environment.
Religious and spiritual thoughts overcome us from competence of life.
While getting data from various spiritual leaders it is observed that by following spiritual and
religious activities peace can be brought and all kind of conflicts can be removed if they have
teachings of true gurus and have true knowledge.
During survey it is observed by me that such things like meditation and spiritualness helps to
protect us from corona.