RAGHURAM RAJAN COMBATTING INDIAN ECONOMY and INFLATIONBidhan Pradhan
RAGHURAM RAJAN ROLE IN COMBATTING INDIAN ECONOMY and INFLATION.
Exquisite information and details. Very helpful. Project on Raghuram rajan and his role.
Raghuram Rajan is an Indian economist who has served as the Chief Economic Adviser to the Government of India and as the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India. He received degrees from IIT Delhi and IIM Ahmedabad and joined the faculty of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Rajan has authored several books and received numerous honors including being named one of the top 10 economists in the world. As Governor of RBI from 2013 to 2016, he helped stabilize inflation and addressed challenges like banking sector stress and stimulating economic growth.
Raghuram Rajan served as the 23rd governor of the Reserve Bank of India from 2013 to 2016. As governor, he helped reduce inflation from 11.5% to 3.3% through two interest rate increases totaling 50 basis points. He also initiated a clean-up of bad loans in the banking sector and allowed new types of banks. However, some disagreements over monetary policy led to Rajan deciding not to seek another term as governor.
The document lists the last 5 governors of the Reserve Bank of India: Dr. Raghuram Rajan (current governor since 2013), Dr. D. Subbarao (governor from 2008 to 2013), Dr. Y V Reddy (governor from 2003 to 2008), Dr. Bimal Jalan (governor from 1997 to 2003), and Dr. C Rangarajan (governor from 1992 to 1997). It provides some brief details about each governor's career experiences, including positions held at the IMF, Ministry of Finance of India, and Planning Commission of India.
This document provides biographical information about Raghuram Rajan, the former governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). It discusses his educational and professional background, achievements as RBI governor such as reducing inflation and interest rates, and initiatives taken under his leadership like attracting foreign deposits and establishing new banks. Rajan is praised for bringing transparency to interest rates through the Marginal Cost of Funds based Lending Rate and protecting customers through measures like free annual credit reports and restricting penal interest on savings accounts. The document makes the case that Rajan's experience and success qualify him to continue serving as RBI governor.
This document summarizes a presentation by Dr. Raghuram Rajan about his book "Fault Lines". It discusses how political and economic fault lines between countries, as well as within financial systems, contributed to the 2008 global financial crisis. These fault lines included rising inequality, trade imbalances, different types of financial systems interacting, and politicians pushing easy credit as an alternative to difficult long-term solutions. When these fault lines converged in the US housing market, it amplified risks and led to crisis. The summary also examines issues like export-led growth strategies, foreign financing of developing economies, weak social safety nets, and the role of central banks in successive bubbles.
Raghuram Rajan is the current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, having taken charge in September 2013. He previously served as chief economic adviser to India's Ministry of Finance and as chief economist at the International Monetary Fund. Rajan holds a PhD in management from MIT and has an illustrious academic background, including being a professor at the University of Chicago. He is credited with strengthening the Indian rupee and reforming the banking system in India.
The document discusses the evolving role of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Some key points:
1) While RBI was established in 1934, it has adapted to changing economic realities over time, gaining some autonomy over monetary management and financial regulation.
2) De jure, RBI does not have full autonomy according to recent central banking trends. However, de facto it has gradually gained more autonomy, especially since 1991 reforms in areas like conducting monetary policy.
3) RBI's monetary policy objectives have evolved to maintaining price stability while ensuring adequate credit flow for growth. More recently, macroeconomic and financial stability have also become important considerations.
RAGHURAM RAJAN COMBATTING INDIAN ECONOMY and INFLATIONBidhan Pradhan
RAGHURAM RAJAN ROLE IN COMBATTING INDIAN ECONOMY and INFLATION.
Exquisite information and details. Very helpful. Project on Raghuram rajan and his role.
Raghuram Rajan is an Indian economist who has served as the Chief Economic Adviser to the Government of India and as the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India. He received degrees from IIT Delhi and IIM Ahmedabad and joined the faculty of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Rajan has authored several books and received numerous honors including being named one of the top 10 economists in the world. As Governor of RBI from 2013 to 2016, he helped stabilize inflation and addressed challenges like banking sector stress and stimulating economic growth.
Raghuram Rajan served as the 23rd governor of the Reserve Bank of India from 2013 to 2016. As governor, he helped reduce inflation from 11.5% to 3.3% through two interest rate increases totaling 50 basis points. He also initiated a clean-up of bad loans in the banking sector and allowed new types of banks. However, some disagreements over monetary policy led to Rajan deciding not to seek another term as governor.
The document lists the last 5 governors of the Reserve Bank of India: Dr. Raghuram Rajan (current governor since 2013), Dr. D. Subbarao (governor from 2008 to 2013), Dr. Y V Reddy (governor from 2003 to 2008), Dr. Bimal Jalan (governor from 1997 to 2003), and Dr. C Rangarajan (governor from 1992 to 1997). It provides some brief details about each governor's career experiences, including positions held at the IMF, Ministry of Finance of India, and Planning Commission of India.
This document provides biographical information about Raghuram Rajan, the former governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). It discusses his educational and professional background, achievements as RBI governor such as reducing inflation and interest rates, and initiatives taken under his leadership like attracting foreign deposits and establishing new banks. Rajan is praised for bringing transparency to interest rates through the Marginal Cost of Funds based Lending Rate and protecting customers through measures like free annual credit reports and restricting penal interest on savings accounts. The document makes the case that Rajan's experience and success qualify him to continue serving as RBI governor.
This document summarizes a presentation by Dr. Raghuram Rajan about his book "Fault Lines". It discusses how political and economic fault lines between countries, as well as within financial systems, contributed to the 2008 global financial crisis. These fault lines included rising inequality, trade imbalances, different types of financial systems interacting, and politicians pushing easy credit as an alternative to difficult long-term solutions. When these fault lines converged in the US housing market, it amplified risks and led to crisis. The summary also examines issues like export-led growth strategies, foreign financing of developing economies, weak social safety nets, and the role of central banks in successive bubbles.
Raghuram Rajan is the current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, having taken charge in September 2013. He previously served as chief economic adviser to India's Ministry of Finance and as chief economist at the International Monetary Fund. Rajan holds a PhD in management from MIT and has an illustrious academic background, including being a professor at the University of Chicago. He is credited with strengthening the Indian rupee and reforming the banking system in India.
The document discusses the evolving role of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Some key points:
1) While RBI was established in 1934, it has adapted to changing economic realities over time, gaining some autonomy over monetary management and financial regulation.
2) De jure, RBI does not have full autonomy according to recent central banking trends. However, de facto it has gradually gained more autonomy, especially since 1991 reforms in areas like conducting monetary policy.
3) RBI's monetary policy objectives have evolved to maintaining price stability while ensuring adequate credit flow for growth. More recently, macroeconomic and financial stability have also become important considerations.
Indian Economy - old wine in new bottlesimran sakshi
The document discusses whether the Indian economy under the Modi government is "old wine in new bottle" or "new wine in old bottle". It provides an overview of the Indian economy and key reforms by the Modi government. While some positive changes have occurred like increased FDI, manufacturing targets, and subsidy reforms through Aadhaar, some challenges remain around job creation, wealth distribution, and addressing bad loans. Overall the reforms have been steady but incremental, with some doubting the pace and impact of changes.
Group 2 ppt - role of rbi on exchange rate managementSanjay Kumbhar
The document discusses the Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) role in managing exchange rates in India over time. It outlines different exchange rate systems that have been used, from the gold standard to fixed rates under the IMF to a managed float system. The RBI established an Exchange Control Department in 1939 and has implemented various acts like FERA, LERMS, and FEMA to regulate foreign exchange. The RBI determines exchange rates, issues licenses, controls imports/exports and foreign investments, and intervenes in markets to maintain stability. Factors like inflation, interest rates, current accounts, and political stability influence exchange rates. The role of the RBI has evolved to create a stable forex market in India.
The document discusses India's agriculture sector. It notes that agriculture is important to the Indian economy, employing over half of India's workforce and contributing 15% to GDP, despite a majority of farmers being small-scale or marginal. Key crops include rice, wheat, and fruits/vegetables. Agricultural growth has fluctuated over time periods. New policies are needed to support small farms, rainfed areas, and rural development for sustainable growth in the sector. The government has implemented various schemes to boost agriculture. Food processing and use of technology also present opportunities in Indian agriculture.
Rbi intervention in foreign exchange marketANUJ GOYAL
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) plays a key role in regulating and developing India's foreign exchange market. As the country's central bank and monetary authority, the RBI formulates and implements monetary policy. It also regulates banks and the financial system. Regarding foreign exchange, the RBI administers regulations, ensures orderly market conditions, and manages foreign currency reserves. The RBI participates in the market by buying and selling currency to ease volatility. It invests foreign exchange reserves cautiously based on principles of safety, liquidity, and return. Over time, as India's economy has opened and integrated more with global markets, the foreign exchange market has evolved in importance and liquidity. The RBI works to facilitate trade
Agriculture is an important sector in India's economy, contributing 18% to GDP. Around 58% of Indians depend directly or indirectly on agriculture. Major agricultural products include rice, wheat, oilseeds, cotton, jute, and tea. The Green Revolution in the 1960s saw the introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, which increased agricultural productivity but also led to negative environmental and health impacts over time. There is now a need for a second Green Revolution with a focus on sustainable practices like organic farming and reducing dependency on chemicals.
Role of rbi in the mgmt of forex mkt in indiaZenobia Sukhia
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is India's central bank that was established in 1934. It oversees foreign exchange reserves and manages India's foreign exchange markets. The RBI aims to maintain adequate foreign exchange reserves, control risks, and generate reasonable returns through its reserve management. It supports monetary and exchange rate policies, limits external vulnerability, and demonstrates backing of the Indian rupee with external assets. The RBI oversees India's foreign exchange markets by controlling money supply, intervening in forex markets as needed, reviewing reserve policies, and compiling reports on reserve management. It works to facilitate trade and payments through measures like export credit incentives and import promotion measures.
This document discusses racism and provides suggestions to confront it. Racism is defined as the conscious or unconscious belief that a particular race is superior. It can lead to domination and negatively impact attitudes and behaviors. Racism stems from various sources like family, education, social groups, and media. Specific acts of racism are described in schools, among friends, and in the workplace. To confront racism, the document suggests raising children with principles of dignity and equality, strengthening education to objectively present history and develop empathy, and ensuring fair workplace practices and media representation. An optimistic message is that focusing on people's character rather than appearance can help overcome racism.
The document discusses credit creation by commercial banks. It explains that banks are able to generate money through lending deposits created from both primary deposits (customer cash deposits) and derivative deposits (deposits generated from loans). It provides an example to illustrate how a Rs. 1,000 primary deposit can generate over Rs. 2,000 in total banking system deposits and loans through the process of multiple expansion of credit. However, banks' ability to generate credit is limited by reserve requirements and other factors.
Treasury bills are short-term debt instruments issued by the central government of India to borrow money for periods of less than one year. There are three types of treasury bills based on maturity periods: 91-day bills, 182-day bills, and 364-day bills. Treasury bills are issued at a fixed discount rate through auctions and provide a safe, liquid investment option for entities like commercial banks, state governments, and public sector financial institutions. The bills help the government meet its short-term borrowing needs and provide investors a tool to manage funds in the short-term.
Foreign exchange market and it's structure in indiaStudsPlanet.com
The document discusses the structure and features of the foreign exchange market. It begins by defining foreign exchange and describing the major participants in the exchange market, including commercial banks, money changers, and the Foreign Exchange Dealers Association of India (FEDAI). It then outlines the roles and regulations of various authorized entities that can participate in the market, such as authorized dealers and restricted authorized dealers. Finally, it discusses key characteristics of the foreign exchange market, including that it is a 24-hour global market connected by communication channels with a daily turnover of $2.75-3 trillion.
Concept Of Treasury And Treasury ManagementSVS College
The document discusses the evolving role and functions of treasury management in organizations. It notes that the concept of treasury has shifted from being passive to more active and strategic. The key functions of treasury include framing policies, establishing treasury systems, liquidity planning, portfolio management, risk management, and facilitating both organic and inorganic growth. An integrated treasury allows for seamless operations across global markets. As financial markets globalize, funds move across borders more freely, requiring reforms and more transparent systems to allow for quick settlements and mobility of funds.
Racism involves believing some races are superior to others. It can take direct forms through unfair treatment based on ethnicity, or indirect forms through discrimination within institutions. Throughout history, racism has justified practices like slavery and led to atrocities like the Holocaust. The civil rights movement in the 1950s-60s promoted equality and challenged racism through nonviolent protests.
Commercial banks are able to lend out more money than they hold in deposits through the process of credit creation. When a customer deposits money in a bank, the bank records this as a primary deposit and is able to lend out a portion of it, creating a derivative deposit. This process of lending out a portion of deposits and those loans subsequently being deposited can be repeated across multiple banks, allowing for the multiple expansion of credit throughout the banking system. However, banks must maintain minimum cash reserves and there are other factors that place limitations on the total amount of credit that can be created.
About 75% people are living in rural areas and are still dependent on Agriculture.
About 43% of India’s geographical area is used for agricultural activity.
Agriculture continues to play a major role in Indian Economy.
Provides food to more than 1 billion people
Produces 51 major crops
Contributes to 1/6th of the Export Earnings
The document provides an overview of the foreign exchange market and the Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) role in managing it. It discusses the basic concepts and participants in the FX market. It describes the historical evolution from a fixed exchange rate regime to a more liberalized and market-based system. It also outlines the RBI's tools for intervening in the interbank market to influence exchange rates and maintain stability, including through moral suasion, relaxing exposure limits, and direct buying and selling of currencies.
This document discusses corruption in Indian society. It begins with an introduction that defines corruption and notes that India ranks 84th on a global corruption index. It then lists some major areas of corruption concerns in India like politics, land, and various public services. Some of the largest corruption scams in India are also summarized like the 2G spectrum scam. The causes and consequences of corruption in India are outlined as well as some potential cures like education, legislation, and transparency. The document concludes by suggesting actions like implementing the Lokpal bill and establishing anti-corruption organizations to help address the issue of corruption in India.
Corruption involves wrongdoing by those in power through illegitimate or unethical means, often involving bribery. Common forms of corruption include bribery, embezzlement, abuse of power, and favoritism. Globalization has increased corruption risks but also opportunities to address it. Governments and anti-corruption agencies can curb corruption by ensuring transparency, accountability, and an independent judiciary combined with a free press.
This document discusses agriculture in Pakistan. It begins by defining agriculture and listing different types. It then discusses major crops grown in Pakistan like wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane and fruits/vegetables. It also outlines soils and cash crops. Major problems facing Pakistan's agricultural sector are then presented, such as limited land, water issues, diseases, and socioeconomic challenges. Finally, 10 measures to address these problems are recommended, including providing credit, controlling water logging/salinity, constructing dams, supplying improved seeds, increasing mechanization, boosting research, and establishing agro-industries.
The document analyzes the market and proposes a financial model for a proposed 24/7 real estate TV channel in India. It discusses the company and project background, objectives, value proposition and target market. It also covers the channel's current and proposed programming, competitors in both direct and indirect real estate media, marketing strategy and strategic alliances. The document then outlines potential revenue sources and expenses, provides recommendations, and acknowledges limitations. In conclusion, it finds potential for the channel's growth given trends in India's media and entertainment industry.
This document provides an overview and analysis of a proposed 24/7 real estate television channel in India. It discusses the channel's value proposition in providing real estate information to developers and consumers. The target market is identified as educated individuals aged 25-50. Competitors in the real estate and media industries are analyzed. The report also covers potential revenue sources, expenses, expansion plans, challenges, and 5-year financial projections to assess the business viability of the real estate television channel.
This document summarizes a survey presentation on the Apple iPad. It includes:
- An introduction to Apple and the history and models of the iPad.
- Analysis of the iPad including its product life cycle stage and revenue share.
- The evolution of the iPad and a comparison to competitors like Amazon Kindle and laptops.
- A SWOT analysis of the iPad including strengths like resources and popularity and weaknesses like price and thin product line.
- Details of the research methods used including a questionnaire.
- Key findings from the survey on factors important in choosing an iPad, satisfaction levels, design preferences, and perceptions of competition.
Indian Economy - old wine in new bottlesimran sakshi
The document discusses whether the Indian economy under the Modi government is "old wine in new bottle" or "new wine in old bottle". It provides an overview of the Indian economy and key reforms by the Modi government. While some positive changes have occurred like increased FDI, manufacturing targets, and subsidy reforms through Aadhaar, some challenges remain around job creation, wealth distribution, and addressing bad loans. Overall the reforms have been steady but incremental, with some doubting the pace and impact of changes.
Group 2 ppt - role of rbi on exchange rate managementSanjay Kumbhar
The document discusses the Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) role in managing exchange rates in India over time. It outlines different exchange rate systems that have been used, from the gold standard to fixed rates under the IMF to a managed float system. The RBI established an Exchange Control Department in 1939 and has implemented various acts like FERA, LERMS, and FEMA to regulate foreign exchange. The RBI determines exchange rates, issues licenses, controls imports/exports and foreign investments, and intervenes in markets to maintain stability. Factors like inflation, interest rates, current accounts, and political stability influence exchange rates. The role of the RBI has evolved to create a stable forex market in India.
The document discusses India's agriculture sector. It notes that agriculture is important to the Indian economy, employing over half of India's workforce and contributing 15% to GDP, despite a majority of farmers being small-scale or marginal. Key crops include rice, wheat, and fruits/vegetables. Agricultural growth has fluctuated over time periods. New policies are needed to support small farms, rainfed areas, and rural development for sustainable growth in the sector. The government has implemented various schemes to boost agriculture. Food processing and use of technology also present opportunities in Indian agriculture.
Rbi intervention in foreign exchange marketANUJ GOYAL
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) plays a key role in regulating and developing India's foreign exchange market. As the country's central bank and monetary authority, the RBI formulates and implements monetary policy. It also regulates banks and the financial system. Regarding foreign exchange, the RBI administers regulations, ensures orderly market conditions, and manages foreign currency reserves. The RBI participates in the market by buying and selling currency to ease volatility. It invests foreign exchange reserves cautiously based on principles of safety, liquidity, and return. Over time, as India's economy has opened and integrated more with global markets, the foreign exchange market has evolved in importance and liquidity. The RBI works to facilitate trade
Agriculture is an important sector in India's economy, contributing 18% to GDP. Around 58% of Indians depend directly or indirectly on agriculture. Major agricultural products include rice, wheat, oilseeds, cotton, jute, and tea. The Green Revolution in the 1960s saw the introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, which increased agricultural productivity but also led to negative environmental and health impacts over time. There is now a need for a second Green Revolution with a focus on sustainable practices like organic farming and reducing dependency on chemicals.
Role of rbi in the mgmt of forex mkt in indiaZenobia Sukhia
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is India's central bank that was established in 1934. It oversees foreign exchange reserves and manages India's foreign exchange markets. The RBI aims to maintain adequate foreign exchange reserves, control risks, and generate reasonable returns through its reserve management. It supports monetary and exchange rate policies, limits external vulnerability, and demonstrates backing of the Indian rupee with external assets. The RBI oversees India's foreign exchange markets by controlling money supply, intervening in forex markets as needed, reviewing reserve policies, and compiling reports on reserve management. It works to facilitate trade and payments through measures like export credit incentives and import promotion measures.
This document discusses racism and provides suggestions to confront it. Racism is defined as the conscious or unconscious belief that a particular race is superior. It can lead to domination and negatively impact attitudes and behaviors. Racism stems from various sources like family, education, social groups, and media. Specific acts of racism are described in schools, among friends, and in the workplace. To confront racism, the document suggests raising children with principles of dignity and equality, strengthening education to objectively present history and develop empathy, and ensuring fair workplace practices and media representation. An optimistic message is that focusing on people's character rather than appearance can help overcome racism.
The document discusses credit creation by commercial banks. It explains that banks are able to generate money through lending deposits created from both primary deposits (customer cash deposits) and derivative deposits (deposits generated from loans). It provides an example to illustrate how a Rs. 1,000 primary deposit can generate over Rs. 2,000 in total banking system deposits and loans through the process of multiple expansion of credit. However, banks' ability to generate credit is limited by reserve requirements and other factors.
Treasury bills are short-term debt instruments issued by the central government of India to borrow money for periods of less than one year. There are three types of treasury bills based on maturity periods: 91-day bills, 182-day bills, and 364-day bills. Treasury bills are issued at a fixed discount rate through auctions and provide a safe, liquid investment option for entities like commercial banks, state governments, and public sector financial institutions. The bills help the government meet its short-term borrowing needs and provide investors a tool to manage funds in the short-term.
Foreign exchange market and it's structure in indiaStudsPlanet.com
The document discusses the structure and features of the foreign exchange market. It begins by defining foreign exchange and describing the major participants in the exchange market, including commercial banks, money changers, and the Foreign Exchange Dealers Association of India (FEDAI). It then outlines the roles and regulations of various authorized entities that can participate in the market, such as authorized dealers and restricted authorized dealers. Finally, it discusses key characteristics of the foreign exchange market, including that it is a 24-hour global market connected by communication channels with a daily turnover of $2.75-3 trillion.
Concept Of Treasury And Treasury ManagementSVS College
The document discusses the evolving role and functions of treasury management in organizations. It notes that the concept of treasury has shifted from being passive to more active and strategic. The key functions of treasury include framing policies, establishing treasury systems, liquidity planning, portfolio management, risk management, and facilitating both organic and inorganic growth. An integrated treasury allows for seamless operations across global markets. As financial markets globalize, funds move across borders more freely, requiring reforms and more transparent systems to allow for quick settlements and mobility of funds.
Racism involves believing some races are superior to others. It can take direct forms through unfair treatment based on ethnicity, or indirect forms through discrimination within institutions. Throughout history, racism has justified practices like slavery and led to atrocities like the Holocaust. The civil rights movement in the 1950s-60s promoted equality and challenged racism through nonviolent protests.
Commercial banks are able to lend out more money than they hold in deposits through the process of credit creation. When a customer deposits money in a bank, the bank records this as a primary deposit and is able to lend out a portion of it, creating a derivative deposit. This process of lending out a portion of deposits and those loans subsequently being deposited can be repeated across multiple banks, allowing for the multiple expansion of credit throughout the banking system. However, banks must maintain minimum cash reserves and there are other factors that place limitations on the total amount of credit that can be created.
About 75% people are living in rural areas and are still dependent on Agriculture.
About 43% of India’s geographical area is used for agricultural activity.
Agriculture continues to play a major role in Indian Economy.
Provides food to more than 1 billion people
Produces 51 major crops
Contributes to 1/6th of the Export Earnings
The document provides an overview of the foreign exchange market and the Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) role in managing it. It discusses the basic concepts and participants in the FX market. It describes the historical evolution from a fixed exchange rate regime to a more liberalized and market-based system. It also outlines the RBI's tools for intervening in the interbank market to influence exchange rates and maintain stability, including through moral suasion, relaxing exposure limits, and direct buying and selling of currencies.
This document discusses corruption in Indian society. It begins with an introduction that defines corruption and notes that India ranks 84th on a global corruption index. It then lists some major areas of corruption concerns in India like politics, land, and various public services. Some of the largest corruption scams in India are also summarized like the 2G spectrum scam. The causes and consequences of corruption in India are outlined as well as some potential cures like education, legislation, and transparency. The document concludes by suggesting actions like implementing the Lokpal bill and establishing anti-corruption organizations to help address the issue of corruption in India.
Corruption involves wrongdoing by those in power through illegitimate or unethical means, often involving bribery. Common forms of corruption include bribery, embezzlement, abuse of power, and favoritism. Globalization has increased corruption risks but also opportunities to address it. Governments and anti-corruption agencies can curb corruption by ensuring transparency, accountability, and an independent judiciary combined with a free press.
This document discusses agriculture in Pakistan. It begins by defining agriculture and listing different types. It then discusses major crops grown in Pakistan like wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane and fruits/vegetables. It also outlines soils and cash crops. Major problems facing Pakistan's agricultural sector are then presented, such as limited land, water issues, diseases, and socioeconomic challenges. Finally, 10 measures to address these problems are recommended, including providing credit, controlling water logging/salinity, constructing dams, supplying improved seeds, increasing mechanization, boosting research, and establishing agro-industries.
The document analyzes the market and proposes a financial model for a proposed 24/7 real estate TV channel in India. It discusses the company and project background, objectives, value proposition and target market. It also covers the channel's current and proposed programming, competitors in both direct and indirect real estate media, marketing strategy and strategic alliances. The document then outlines potential revenue sources and expenses, provides recommendations, and acknowledges limitations. In conclusion, it finds potential for the channel's growth given trends in India's media and entertainment industry.
This document provides an overview and analysis of a proposed 24/7 real estate television channel in India. It discusses the channel's value proposition in providing real estate information to developers and consumers. The target market is identified as educated individuals aged 25-50. Competitors in the real estate and media industries are analyzed. The report also covers potential revenue sources, expenses, expansion plans, challenges, and 5-year financial projections to assess the business viability of the real estate television channel.
This document summarizes a survey presentation on the Apple iPad. It includes:
- An introduction to Apple and the history and models of the iPad.
- Analysis of the iPad including its product life cycle stage and revenue share.
- The evolution of the iPad and a comparison to competitors like Amazon Kindle and laptops.
- A SWOT analysis of the iPad including strengths like resources and popularity and weaknesses like price and thin product line.
- Details of the research methods used including a questionnaire.
- Key findings from the survey on factors important in choosing an iPad, satisfaction levels, design preferences, and perceptions of competition.
Biocon began in 1978 with a simple structure, headed by Kiran Majumdar Shaw. Over time, as it grew, its structure became more complex and bureaucratic to coordinate its increasing operations. By 2003, it had a machine bureaucracy structure with specialized departments. In 2008, it reorganized into a divisional structure with separate subsidiaries and adopted a decentralized approach. Going forward, its structure may become more adhocratic to encourage innovation and balance its diverse operations as a global biotechnology company.
Biocon began in 1978 with a simple structure, headed by Kiran Majumdar Shaw. Over time, as it grew, its structure became more complex and bureaucratic to coordinate its increasing operations. By 2003, it had a machine bureaucracy structure with specialized departments. In 2008, it reorganized into a divisional structure with separate subsidiaries and adopted a decentralized approach. Going forward, its structure may become more adhocratic to encourage innovation and balance its work as it continues to grow its global healthcare business.
OB presentation on Multitasking from the concept of MotivationPinaki Ranjan Bhakat
This topic is on 'Multitasking is the good use of your time or not'. It also helps to describe the concept of motivation and different job design technique to improve the satisfaction level of employee of the organization.
This is the small presentation which describes how information technology helps to improve a industry.Without technology what problems they have faced and how it has been improved through the use of IT.
• For a full set of 530+ questions. Go to
https://skillcertpro.com/product/servicenow-cis-itsm-exam-questions/
• SkillCertPro offers detailed explanations to each question which helps to understand the concepts better.
• It is recommended to score above 85% in SkillCertPro exams before attempting a real exam.
• SkillCertPro updates exam questions every 2 weeks.
• You will get life time access and life time free updates
• SkillCertPro assures 100% pass guarantee in first attempt.
Gamify it until you make it Improving Agile Development and Operations with ...Ben Linders
So many challenges, so little time. While we’re busy developing software and keeping it operational, we also need to sharpen the saw, but how? Gamification can be a way to look at how you’re doing and find out where to improve. It’s a great way to have everyone involved and get the best out of people.
In this presentation, Ben Linders will show how playing games with the DevOps coaching cards can help to explore your current development and deployment (DevOps) practices and decide as a team what to improve or experiment with.
The games that we play are based on an engagement model. Instead of imposing change, the games enable people to pull in ideas for change and apply those in a way that best suits their collective needs.
By playing games, you can learn from each other. Teams can use games, exercises, and coaching cards to discuss values, principles, and practices, and share their experiences and learnings.
Different game formats can be used to share experiences on DevOps principles and practices and explore how they can be applied effectively. This presentation provides an overview of playing formats and will inspire you to come up with your own formats.
11June 2024. An online pre-engagement session was organized on Tuesday June 11 to introduce the Science Policy Lab approach and the main components of the conceptual framework.
About 40 experts from around the globe gathered online for a pre-engagement session, paving the way for the first SASi-SPi Science Policy Lab event scheduled for June 18-19, 2024 in Malmö. The session presented the objectives for the upcoming Science Policy Lab (S-PoL), which featured a role-playing game designed to simulate stakeholder interactions and policy interventions for food systems transitions. Participants called for the sharing of meeting materials and continued collaboration, reflecting a strong commitment to advancing towards sustainable agrifood systems.
1.) Introduction
Our Movement is not new; it is the same as it was for Freedom, Justice, and Equality since we were labeled as slaves. However, this movement at its core must entail economics.
2.) Historical Context
This is the same movement because none of the previous movements, such as boycotts, were ever completed. For some, maybe, but for the most part, it’s just a place to keep your stable until you’re ready to assimilate them into your system. The rest of the crabs are left in the world’s worst parts, begging for scraps.
3.) Economic Empowerment
Our Movement aims to show that it is indeed possible for the less fortunate to establish their economic system. Everyone else – Caucasian, Asian, Mexican, Israeli, Jews, etc. – has their systems, and they all set up and usurp money from the less fortunate. So, the less fortunate buy from every one of them, yet none of them buy from the less fortunate. Moreover, the less fortunate really don’t have anything to sell.
4.) Collaboration with Organizations
Our Movement will demonstrate how organizations such as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, National Urban League, Black Lives Matter, and others can assist in creating a much more indestructible Black Wall Street.
5.) Vision for the Future
Our Movement will not settle for less than those who came before us and stopped before the rights were equal. The economy, jobs, healthcare, education, housing, incarceration – everything is unfair, and what isn’t is rigged for the less fortunate to fail, as evidenced in society.
6.) Call to Action
Our movement has started and implemented everything needed for the advancement of the economic system. There are positions for only those who understand the importance of this movement, as failure to address it will continue the degradation of the people deemed less fortunate.
No, this isn’t Noah’s Ark, nor am I a Prophet. I’m just a man who wrote a couple of books, created a magnificent website: http://www.thearkproject.llc, and who truly hopes to try and initiate a truly sustainable economic system for deprived people. We may not all have the same beliefs, but if our methods are tried, tested, and proven, we can come together and help others. My website: http://www.thearkproject.llc is very informative and considerably controversial. Please check it out, and if you are afraid, leave immediately; it’s no place for cowards. The last Prophet said: “Whoever among you sees an evil action, then let him change it with his hand [by taking action]; if he cannot, then with his tongue [by speaking out]; and if he cannot, then, with his heart – and that is the weakest of faith.” [Sahih Muslim] If we all, or even some of us, did this, there would be significant change. We are able to witness it on small and grand scales, for example, from climate control to business partnerships. I encourage, invite, and challenge you all to support me by visiting my website.
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1. ROLE OF RBI AND
RAGHURAM RAJAN
PRESENTED BY -
ANUPRAS PANDA (14202223)
PINAKI RANJAN BHAKAT
(14202238)
ANTAREEP MAHAPATRA (14202231)
A ANIL DORA (14202241)
KUMAR NISHIKANT (14202240)
RATIKA MEHROTRA (14202216)
2. CONTENTS
RBI
HISTORY
ROLE OF RBI
MONETARY POLICY
ISSUER OF CURRENCY
FOREX
MARKET OPERATION
DR. RAGHURAM RAJAN STEPS
VISION AND AGENDA OF RBI
3. RBI IN A NUTSHELL
HEADQUARTERS - SHAHID BHAGAT SINGH MARG
MUMBAI , MAHARASTRA
ESTABLISHED - APRIL 1, 1935 ( 79 YEARS AGO )
GOVERNOR - DR.RAGHURAM RAJAN
CURRENCY - INDIAN RUPEE
RESERVES - US$311.86 BILLION
BANK RATE - 9.00%
CRR - 4.00%
WEBSITE - HTTP://WWW.RBI.ORG.IN/
4. HISTORY
FOUNDED ON 1 APRIL 1935
“ THE PROBLEM OF THE RUPEE – ITS ORIGIN
AND ITS SOLUTION . “
HILTON – YOUNG COMMISION
RBI SEAL
CENTRAL OFFICE IN 1937
5. ROLE OF RBI
MONETARY POLICY
ISSUER OF CURRENCY
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
MARKET OPERATION
6. MONETARY POLICY & ITS OBJECTIVE
THE POLICY STATEMENT, TRADITIONALLY
ANNOUNCED TWICE A YEAR, THROUGH
WHICH THE RESERVE BANK OF INDIA SEEKS
TO ENSURE PRICE STABILITY FOR THE
ECONOMY.
7. INSTRUMENTS OF MONETARY POLICY
• 1. BANK RATE
• 2. CASH RESERVE RATIO
• 3. STATUTORY LIQUIDITY RATIO
• 4. REPO RATE
• 5. REVERSE REPO RATE
8. CRR VS SLR
HIGH CRR AND SLR
SUPPOSE TOTAL DEPOSIT DEPOSITED IN (BY YOU AND ME) STATE BANK OF INDIA =RS.100
Total Deposit Rs.100
CRR: 15%SBI has to park this much
amount of total deposit in RBI, without
getting any interest.
-15
SLR: 38%SBI has to park this much
amount of total deposit, in
Government securities / treasury
bonds. SBI earns around 7.5% interest
rate on this investment.
-38
Money left with SBI 100-15-38=Rs.47
LOW CRR AND SLR
Total Deposit Rs.100
CRR: 4.75%SBI has to park this much
amount of total deposit in RBI, without
getting any interest.
-4.75
SLR: 23%SBI has to park this much
amount of total deposit, in
Government securities / treasury
bonds. SBI earns around 7.5% interest
rate on this investment.
-23
Money left with SBI 100-4.75-23=Rs.72.25
9. ISSUER OF CURRENCY
DEFINITION OF ISSUER CURRENCY:
THE BANK ISSUES AND EXCHANGES OR DESTROYES CURRENCY NOTES AND COINS
THAT ARE NOT FIT FOR CIRCULATION.
OBJECTIVES:
A. PUBLIC ADEQUATE SUPS OF RBI ARE TO ISSUE BANKNOTES
B. MANAGEMENT OF CURRENCY
C. CREDIT SYSTEM OF THE COUNTRY TO UTILIZE IT IN IT’S BEST ADVANTAGE
10. CURRENCY MANAGEMENT AND CONSTRAINTS
• CURRENCY MANAGEMENT HAS A GREAT DEGREE OF
SIGNIFICANCE FOR CENTRAL BANKS
• BECAUSE OF THE SHEER SIZE OF OUR POPULATION
AND THE QUANTUM OF BANKNOTES INDIA HAS
EMERGED AS ONE OF THE BIGGEST CONSUMERS OF
THE INGREDIENTS THAT GO INTO PRODUCTION OF
BANKNOTES IN THE WORLD.
• THERE HAS BEEN A STEADY INCREASE IN THE
DEMAND FOR BANKNOTES AND COINS OVER THE
YEARS, DESPITE THE INCREASED USE OF
TECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN NON-CASH MODES OF
PAYMENTS/E-CURRENCY/VIRTUAL CURRENCY-BIT
COINS, ETC…
Year
2012/
13
India USA UK EURO
ZONE
AUST
RALIA
CANA
DA
No of
Pieces
(In
Billion
)
76.47 34.5 2.99 15.8n 1.15 2.00
Value
in
home
curren
cy
terms
1246
8
billio
n
1198
billion
58billi
on
933.7
billion
53.6
billion
63.7
billion
COMPARATIVE PICTURE OF THE NOTES
11. CURRENCY MANAGEMENT IN INDIA-MAJOR CHALLENGES
THE SHEER SIZE OF POPULATION AND THE QUANTUM OF BANKNOTES REQUIRED. AS ON
DECEMBER 31, 2013, THERE IS A NETWORK OF 110,520 COMMERCIAL BANK BRANCHES AND
137,080 ATMS. THE NOTES IN CIRCULATION AS ON THE SAME DATE WAS APPROXIMATELY 76.47
BILLION PIECES VALUED AT ` 12, 468 BILLON WHILE THE COINS IN CIRCULATION WERE
AROUND 89.91 BILLION PIECES VALUED AT ` 168 BILLION.
ENSURING ADEQUATE SUPPLY OF ALL DENOMINATIONS
DISTRIBUTION AND SECURITY IN TRANSIT /STORAGE
12. DENOMINATIONS
NOTE
DENOMINATION
THE INDIAN CURRENCY IS
CALLED INDIAN RUPEE AND
IT’S SUB-DENOMINATION IS
CALLED PAISA.
PROVISIONS OF RBI ACT
1934, NOTES >10000/- CAN’T
BE ISSUED.
COINS UP TO 50 PAISA ARE
CALLED SMALL COINS AND
COINS OF RUPEES ONE AND
ABOVE ARE CALLED RUPEE
COINS
PROVISIONS OF COINAGE
ACT 1906, COINS CAN BE
ISSUED UP TO THE
DENOMINATION OF RS.1000.
COIN
DENOMINATION
13. FOREX EXCHANGE RESERVES
IN INDIA, FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES ARE
DEFINED AS EXTERNAL ASSETS WHICH ARE
READILY AVAILABLE TO & CONTROLLED BY RBI
FOR MEETING BOP FINANCING NEEDS.
• THE TERM FOREIGN EXCHANGE IMPLIES TWO THINGS
• A) FOREIGN CURRENCY AND
• B) EXCHANGE RATE
14. FOREX RESERVES CONTD….
AT PRESENT, RESERVES INCLUDE
FOREIGN CURRENCY ASSETS OF THE
RBI, GOLD & RESERVE TRANCHE
POSITION IN THE IMF WHICH
CONFORMS TO INTERNATIONAL BEST
PRACTICES AS SUGGESTED IN THE IMF
MANUAL.
SINCE 1993, THE RBI HAS INTERVENED
IN THE FOREX MARKET TO KEEP AN
ORDERLY MOVEMENT IN THE VALUE OF
THE RUPEE. THIS APPROACH KEPT THE
ECONOMY ON TRACK, BUT NOW THE
VOLATILITY IN RUPEE MOVEMENT
THREATENS ITS DERAILMENT.
15. EVOLUTION OF RESERVE MANAGEMENT POLICY
IN INDIA
RBI ACT,1934 PRESCRIBES AND FACILITATES RBI TO ACT AS THE CUSTODIAN OF
FOREIGN RESERVES AND MANAGE THEM WITH DEFINED OBJECTIVES.
BOP CRISES 1991-
INCREASED BORROWINGS FROM FOREIGN SOURCES IN THE LATE 1980’S WHICH
HELPED FUEL ECONOMIC GROWTH .AUG 1990 IRAQ INVADED KUWAIT AND THE
PRICE OF OIL SOON DOUBLE.
THE ‘RESERVES’ REFER TO BOTH FOREIGN RESERVES IN THE FORM OF GOLD
ASSETS, FOREIGN SECURITIES AND DOMESTIC RESERVES IN THE FORM OF BANK
RESERVES.
16. ADVANTAGES OF FOREX MARKET
IT’S ALREADY THE WORLD’S LARGEST MARKET AND IT’S STILL GROWING QUICKLY.
IT MAKES EXTENSIVE USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MAKING IT AVAILABLE
TO EVERYONE.
TRADERS CAN PROFIT FROM BOTH STRONG AND WEAK ECONOMICS
TRADERS CAN PLACE VERY SHORT TERM ORDERS WHICH ARE PROHIBITED IN SOME
OTHER MARKETS.
THE MARKET IS NOT REGULATED.
BROKERAGE COMMISSIONS ARE VERY LOW OR NON-EXISTENT.
THE MARKET IS OPEN 24 HOURS A DAY DURING WEEKDAYS.
18. OPEN MARKET OPERATION & DOMESTIC FOREIGN
EXCHANGE
OMO DOMESTIC FOREIGN EXCHANGE
CONDUCTED WITHIN THE RBI FRAMEWORK OF EXCHANGE
RATE OF MANAGEMENT POLICY
ALLOW UNDERLINE DEMAND AND SUPPLY CONDITIONS.
DETERMINE THE EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENT OVER A PERIOD
GUIDED BY THE NEED TO REDUCE EXCESS VOLATILITY
PREVENT THE EMERGENCE OF DESTABILISING SPECULATIVE
ACTIVITY.
HELP MAINTAIN ADEQUATE LEVEL OF RESERVE AND DEVELOP
AN ORDERLY FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET
19. LIQUIDITY ADJUSTMENT FACILITY ACTION
ALLOWS BANKS TO BORROW MONEY THROUGH REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS.
IT IS USED TO AID BANKS IN ADJUSTING THE DAY TO DAY MISMATCHES IN LIQUIDITY.
LAF CONSISTS OF REPO AND REVERSE REPO OPERATIONS.
MARKET STABILIZATION SCHEME
ON THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF RBI ON FEBRUARY 23, 2004 MSS WAS INTRODUCED.
THE SCHEME IS EFFECTIVE FROM APRIL 2004
OBJECTIVES :
THE GOVERNMENT WOULD ISSUE TREASURY BILLS AND/OR DATED SECURITIES UNDER MSS FOR ABSORBING
LIQUIDITY FROM THE SYSTEM.
20. MONEY MARKET
INVOLVE BORROWING, LENDING, BUYING AND SELLING WITH ORIGINAL MATURITIES OF
ONE YEAR OR LESS.
TRADING IN THE MONEY MARKETS IS DONE OVER THE COUNTER AND IS WHOLESALE.
INSTRUMENTS:
TREASURY BILLS, COMMERCIAL PAPER, BANKERS' ACCEPTANCES, DEPOSITS, CERTIFICATES OF
DEPOSIT, BILLS OF EXCHANGE, REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS, FEDERAL FUNDS, AND SHORT-LIVED
MORTGAGE, AND ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES.
FUNCTIONS OF THE MONEY MARKET
FINANCING TRADE
FINANCING INDUSTRY
PROFITABLE INVESTMENT
SELF-SUFFICIENCY OF COMMERCIAL BANK
HELP TO CENTRAL BANK
22. REASONS WHY MARKETS ARE CHEERING DR. RAGHURAM
RAJAN
THE INDIAN RUPEE JUMPED OVER 2 PER CENT AND THE BSE SENSEX CLIMBED AROUND 550
POINTS, A DAY AFTER RAGHURAM RAJAN TOOK OVER AS THE GOVERNOR OF CENTRAL BANK.
HERE'S WHY MARKETS ARE REACTING POSITIVELY TO DR. RAJAN'S PLANS:
1. HOPE AT LAST
2. CAPITAL INFLOWS
3. BETTER COMMUNICATIONS
4. RUPEE INTERNATIONALIZATION
5. INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT
6. FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
7. HOUSEHOLDS
23. RBI VISION & AGENDA FOR 2014-15
THE RESERVE BANK INTENDS TO FURTHER IMPROVE THE FINANCIAL SECTOR THROUGH A SERIES
OF INITIATIVES THAT REST ON FIVE PILLARS.
ITS WORK AGENDA INCLUDES WORKING WITH THE GOVERNMENT TO STRENGTHEN THE
MONETARY POLICY FRAMEWORK
SEVERAL COMPLEMENTARY STEPS, LIKE REFINING PRIORITY SECTOR GUIDELINES AND KYC
(KNOW YOUR CUSTOMER) NORMS ARE ALSO UNDER CONSIDERATION
BESIDES, ONGOING EFFORTS WILL REINFORCE THE REGULATORY AND SUPERVISORY REGIMES,
WITH A VIEW TO REDUCING DISTRESS IN FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS
THE RBI WILL INTRODUCE 1 BILLION PIECES OF RS 10 NOTES IN POLYMER/PLASTIC ON A FIELD
TRIAL BASIS.
24. CONCLUSION
• RESERVE BANK WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1935 WITH 100 MEMBER.
• NOW RBI HAS BEEN FULLY NATIONALIZED IN 1949.
• RBI UNDER ITS 23RD GOVERNOR DR. RAGHURAM RAJAN TAKING STEPS TO CURB THE ISSUES
LIKE INFLATION, CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIENT, GROWTH, MAINTAINING THE REVALUE OF
RUPEE.
• MORE IMPORTANT ON CORRUPTION RBI IS ALSO TAKING STEPS SUCH AS RETUNING OF ALL
NOTE UPTO 2005.