Role of malnutrition in etiology of malocclusion

ROLE OF MALNUTRITION
IN ETIOLOGY OF
MALOCCLUSION
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FOOD PYRAMID

• Balanced diet:
It is defined as one which contains different
types of foods in such quantities and proportions
that need for energy ,amino acids ,vitamins
,minerals , fats ,carbohydrates ,and other
nutrients is adequately met for maintaining
health ,vitality ,and general well being and also
makes small provisions for extra nutrients to
withstand short durations of leanness.

• Nutrition:
It is the science of food the nutrients
and other substance and balance in
relation to health and disease and process
by which the organism ingest, digest,
absorbs, transports, utilizes and excreats
the food substances.

• Malnutrition:
It is a pathological state, resulting
from ,a relative or absolute deficiency of
excess of iron, or more essential nutrients.

• Major causes of malnutrition:
1.Decreased intake.
– Poor teeth
– Dysphagia
– Anorexia nervosa
– Restricted food habits.
1. Malabsorption
– Biliary and pancreatic diseases
– Enteric malabsorption syndromes
– Vitamin B12 malabsorption (pernicious anemia).

3. Increased requirements
– Rapid growth in infancy, in childhood,ofpuberty,
pregnancy,
– Trauma
– Burns
– Excessive loss of in protein losing enteropathies
and nephropathies.
3. Special Category
– Total parenteral nutrition
– Drug induced interference with absorption
– Genetic disorders interfering with conversion or
utilization of nutrients

• Malnutrition affect
the occlusion
through Loss of teeth
Severe caries
Periodontal disease
Retarded Jaw development

LOSS OF TEETH

SEVERE CARIES

PERIDONTAL DISEASES

• Food consists of certain chemical
substances, which are called as nutrients
There are several types of nutrients that are
• Carbohydrates, fats, proteins greater part of food
is consisting of these nutrients so they are also
called as macronutrients
• Vitamins and minerals they are required in small
quantities and are called as micronutrientswww.indiandentalacademy.com

• Carbohydrates:
• They are the starch and sugars in the
food.
• Carbohydrates are mainly classified as
1.monosaccharides eg., glucose
2.disaccharides, eg., sucrose, maltose
3.oligosaccharides eg. Maltotriose.
4.Poly saccharides eg. Starch.

• Lipids:
These are the organic compounds which are
relatively in soluble in water.
The various physiological function, of lipids are.
1.Provide energy to the body.
2.Provide building blocks for different high
molecular weight substances.
3.Provide essential fatty acids which are not
synthesized in body.www.indiandentalacademy.com

• Deficiency diseases:
Deficiency of fat soluble vitamin’s
A,D,E and K.
• Sources:
Butter, Margarine, Veg oils, fats,
• R.D.A.
50 gms. www.indiandentalacademy.com

• Proteins :
Necessary for the proper growth and
maintenance of body structures.
• Ingredients of bone, muscle, skin.
• Amino acids that are arranged in large
Polymer chains to form proteins.

• Deficiency diseases:
Underweight, underheight, weight loss,
lethargy, anemia, fatty liver, kwashiorkor,
marasmus.

Mother’s diet deficient in protein will affect child’s
teeth as-
1. Teeth will be smaller in size especially third
molars
2. Teeth will be more caries prone.
3. Late eruption of third molars.
4. Rotated and crowded teeth.

Marasmus

Kwashiorkar

• Minerals
Calcium and phosphorus are the two main
minerals, which takes part in formation
and maintenance of bone.
Calcium is normally presents in the blood at a
concentration of 9 mg to 11 mg per 100
ml.
Phosphorus is normally presents is blood at a
concentration of about 3.5 to 4.5 mg Per 100 ml.

Role of malnutrition in etiology of malocclusion

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