Rohingya refugee crisis
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This document outlines strategies for addressing the Rohingya refugee crisis between Bangladesh and Myanmar. It provides historical background on the Rohingya fleeing Myanmar since the 1970s. It discusses the international community's limited role and challenges like many unregistered refugees and security/health issues. Regional initiatives by India and China supporting Myanmar are also covered. The strategies section outlines repatriation agreements between Bangladesh and Myanmar as well as UN involvement. Five-point proposals and recommendations call for constitutional amendments, diplomatic discussions, international intervention, and UN-supervised safe zones.
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- 1. Prepared by: Karima Yesmin ID: 1501014 SEC: B BIR-2015 Strategy for the Rohingya Refugee Crisis: A Relative Analysis of Bangladesh & Myanmar
- 2. Outline • Historical Background • Role of International Community • Challenges • Regional Initiatives • Strategies • Recommendations
- 3. Historical Background 1982 Citizenship Law. Started since 1970s. A massive influx happened during 1991- 1992. More than 700,000 Rohingyas fled to neighboring Bangladesh in 2017.
- 4. Role of International Community • International community has failed to intervene in Myanmar. • Myanmar is not in an area of particular interest of many global powers. • States in Southeast Asia also made some little efforts to provide the protection of refugees.
- 5. Challenges • Majority of the refugees are unregistered. • Multi dimensional problems as follows- Transnational Security Threats Human Trafficking Environmental Security Health Security • Hampers economic and trade relations
- 6. Regional Initiatives India Strongly supports the government of Myanmar on Rohingaya issue. Has strong economic and strategic interests in Myanmar. China A vocal supporter of the Myanmar government. Has vital geopolitical interests in Myanmar.
- 7. Strategies Repatriation- Both countries had agreed on a "joint working group" for the repatriation of Rohingya refugees who had fled to Bangladesh on 2 October 2017. Bilateral Agreement - Bangladesh’s home minister visited Myanmar on 24-27 October 2017. Both countries had agreed on a repatriation deal for Rohingya refugees on 15 Januray 2018, which would aim to complete the process of repatriation within two years.
- 8. Cont.. Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)- UNHCR and UNDP also signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Myanmar to support the creation of conditions for the return of refugees from Bangladesh. A durable solution- Under the agreement, UNHCR will provide assistance with the voluntary repatriation and resettlement program.
- 9. Five-Point Proposal • Myanmar must completely stop the violence and the practice of ethnic cleansing in the Rakhine State. • Secretary General of the United Nations should immediately send a Fact-Finding Mission to Myanmar. • All civilians irrespective of religion and ethnicity must be protected in Myanmar. • Ensure sustainable return of all forcibly displaced Rohingyas from Bangladesh to Myanmar. • The recommendations of Kofi Annan Commission Report must be immediately implemented.
- 10. Recommendations To resolve the crisis, there are needed to be an amendment to the Myanmar Constitution. Both states are needed to require entering into long- term diplomatic discussions. The issue must be referred to an international tribunal. The international community should to arrive at a durable solution to deal with the current Rohingya crisis. “Safe Zones" must be created inside Myanmar under UN supervision.