The documentation visually analyses the character, environment and situations of the 'Common Man' from the cartoon strip 'You Said It' in terms of Media and Culture studies.
Shashi deshpandes' That Long Silence PPT By Rashmi VajpayeeRashmi Vajpayee
This document provides a summary and analysis of Shashi Deshpande's novel "That Long Silence". It discusses how the protagonist Jaya sacrifices her individuality and writing career after marriage to conform to her husband Mohan's desires and patriarchal family values. Over 17 years of marriage, Jaya descends into desolation and depression due to the expectation that wives remain silent and subordinate to husbands. Through introspection and the encouragement of her friend Kamat, Jaya decides to assert her independence by writing about her experience and rejecting the traditional roles of Indian wives. The document analyzes how the novel examines gender inequality, marital conflict, and a woman's struggle to find her voice and identity in Indian society.
Indian cinema began in 1913 with Dadasaheb Phalke's film Raja Harishchandra. The silent era ended in 1931 with Ardeshir Irani's first talkie film Alam Ara. Major studios like Prabhat, Bombay Talkies and New Theatres produced socially conscious films in the 1930s. The 1950s-60s were considered the golden age of Indian cinema. Satyajit Ray's Pather Panchali in 1955 brought international acclaim. The blockbuster Mughal-e-Azam was released in 1960. The angry young man persona of Amitabh Bachchan dominated the 1970s. Regional cinema also thrived with films from Karnataka
This document provides information about political cartoons, including their history and key elements. It discusses how political cartoons began appearing in American newspapers in the late 1700s to criticize the British government. They became popular because pictures and symbols could convey meanings in a powerful and humorous way that even people with minimal reading skills could understand. The document then describes the main elements of political cartoons - symbols, exaggeration, labeling, analogy, and irony - and how understanding these elements is important for interpreting the cartoon's meaning and point of view. It concludes by explaining an activity where students will create their own political cartoon supporting either the Federalist or Republican party's viewpoint on a key issue from that time period.
The document summarizes Asokamitran's experiences working at the Gemini film studio in Chennai in the 1950s. It describes the various departments at the studio, including the makeup department headed by people from different parts of India. It also profiles some of the notable people Asokamitran encountered, including the office boy who wanted to be an actor or director, and Kothamanglam Subbu who was a talented actor and poet. It discusses how the studio hosted visitors promoting anti-communism, including a group from the Moral Re-Armament Army and an unexpected visit by editor Stephen Spender that Asokamitran later learned more about.
Local newspapers fulfill audiences' needs through education/information, entertainment, social interaction, escape, and identification as outlined by Uses and Gratifications theory. Specifically, they provide local news and information to keep readers informed, entertaining content like stories, horoscopes, and puzzles, topics to discuss with others, an escape from daily life, and stories that allow readers to identify with characters. Researchers should analyze 3 local newspapers based on how their content satisfies these gratification categories.
Satyajit Ray was an Indian filmmaker, author, and music composer born in 1921 in Calcutta, India. He directed acclaimed films like Pather Panchali (1955), Aparajito (1956), and Apu Trilogy (1959) which were influential in establishing his reputation. Ray's films were influenced by his interest in literature and social issues. He received numerous national and international honors including an Honorary Oscar in 1992 for his contributions to cinema. Ray was considered a master filmmaker and one of India's greatest directors.
The document provides a history of Indian cinema, beginning with its origins in 1913 with Dadasaheb Phalke's Raja Harishchandra, the first full-length motion picture in India. It describes the golden era from 1944-1960s which produced many critically acclaimed films and saw the emergence of Parallel Cinema centered in Bengali films by directors like Satyajit Ray. Parallel Cinema aimed to provide realistic, artful films as an alternative to mainstream commercial cinema and influenced filmmakers through the 1970s-1980s before declining in the 1990s due to commercialization, though it saw a resurgence with recent films.
John Logie Baird demonstrated the first working television in 1925 in Scotland. While not the sole inventor, Baird created the first television using other inventors' work and began commercializing his television after perfecting it, with the BBC beginning broadcasts using Baird's television in 1936. In 1928, Philo Farnsworth made the first reliable and working television system in the US, and by the 1940s televisions began mass production and widespread use.
Shashi deshpandes' That Long Silence PPT By Rashmi VajpayeeRashmi Vajpayee
This document provides a summary and analysis of Shashi Deshpande's novel "That Long Silence". It discusses how the protagonist Jaya sacrifices her individuality and writing career after marriage to conform to her husband Mohan's desires and patriarchal family values. Over 17 years of marriage, Jaya descends into desolation and depression due to the expectation that wives remain silent and subordinate to husbands. Through introspection and the encouragement of her friend Kamat, Jaya decides to assert her independence by writing about her experience and rejecting the traditional roles of Indian wives. The document analyzes how the novel examines gender inequality, marital conflict, and a woman's struggle to find her voice and identity in Indian society.
Indian cinema began in 1913 with Dadasaheb Phalke's film Raja Harishchandra. The silent era ended in 1931 with Ardeshir Irani's first talkie film Alam Ara. Major studios like Prabhat, Bombay Talkies and New Theatres produced socially conscious films in the 1930s. The 1950s-60s were considered the golden age of Indian cinema. Satyajit Ray's Pather Panchali in 1955 brought international acclaim. The blockbuster Mughal-e-Azam was released in 1960. The angry young man persona of Amitabh Bachchan dominated the 1970s. Regional cinema also thrived with films from Karnataka
This document provides information about political cartoons, including their history and key elements. It discusses how political cartoons began appearing in American newspapers in the late 1700s to criticize the British government. They became popular because pictures and symbols could convey meanings in a powerful and humorous way that even people with minimal reading skills could understand. The document then describes the main elements of political cartoons - symbols, exaggeration, labeling, analogy, and irony - and how understanding these elements is important for interpreting the cartoon's meaning and point of view. It concludes by explaining an activity where students will create their own political cartoon supporting either the Federalist or Republican party's viewpoint on a key issue from that time period.
The document summarizes Asokamitran's experiences working at the Gemini film studio in Chennai in the 1950s. It describes the various departments at the studio, including the makeup department headed by people from different parts of India. It also profiles some of the notable people Asokamitran encountered, including the office boy who wanted to be an actor or director, and Kothamanglam Subbu who was a talented actor and poet. It discusses how the studio hosted visitors promoting anti-communism, including a group from the Moral Re-Armament Army and an unexpected visit by editor Stephen Spender that Asokamitran later learned more about.
Local newspapers fulfill audiences' needs through education/information, entertainment, social interaction, escape, and identification as outlined by Uses and Gratifications theory. Specifically, they provide local news and information to keep readers informed, entertaining content like stories, horoscopes, and puzzles, topics to discuss with others, an escape from daily life, and stories that allow readers to identify with characters. Researchers should analyze 3 local newspapers based on how their content satisfies these gratification categories.
Satyajit Ray was an Indian filmmaker, author, and music composer born in 1921 in Calcutta, India. He directed acclaimed films like Pather Panchali (1955), Aparajito (1956), and Apu Trilogy (1959) which were influential in establishing his reputation. Ray's films were influenced by his interest in literature and social issues. He received numerous national and international honors including an Honorary Oscar in 1992 for his contributions to cinema. Ray was considered a master filmmaker and one of India's greatest directors.
The document provides a history of Indian cinema, beginning with its origins in 1913 with Dadasaheb Phalke's Raja Harishchandra, the first full-length motion picture in India. It describes the golden era from 1944-1960s which produced many critically acclaimed films and saw the emergence of Parallel Cinema centered in Bengali films by directors like Satyajit Ray. Parallel Cinema aimed to provide realistic, artful films as an alternative to mainstream commercial cinema and influenced filmmakers through the 1970s-1980s before declining in the 1990s due to commercialization, though it saw a resurgence with recent films.
John Logie Baird demonstrated the first working television in 1925 in Scotland. While not the sole inventor, Baird created the first television using other inventors' work and began commercializing his television after perfecting it, with the BBC beginning broadcasts using Baird's television in 1936. In 1928, Philo Farnsworth made the first reliable and working television system in the US, and by the 1940s televisions began mass production and widespread use.
Natyashastra : The first communication book of the worldAbinash Pani
Bharata Muni was an ancient Indian scholar who wrote the Natya Shastra, a theoretical treatise on communication in Sanskrit literature. The Natya Shastra outlines principles of verbal and nonverbal communication and theorizes communication uniquely through concepts like Rasa, Sahridayata, and Sadharanikaran. It provides insights into communication in Hindu society and envisions relationship-based communication aimed at achieving common understanding between parties. The Sadharanikaran model of communication illustrated in the Natya Shastra shows communication as a nonlinear, two-way process incorporating physical, mental and spiritual dimensions to achieve goals of Hindu philosophy.
The summary provides a high-level overview of the key details and events from the document in 3 sentences:
1) Asokamitran talks about his days working at the famous Gemini Studios in Chennai, including describing the makeup department and some of the eccentric staff members.
2) He also recounts visits by English poets and a mysterious speech given by Stephen Spender that was initially incomprehensible but later made sense after Asokamitran learned more about Spender's background.
3) The summary concludes by explaining how Asokamitran eventually came to understand the connection between Spender's visit to the studio and his anti-communist perspectives through later research.
This document provides guidance on how to write a script for a news package. It explains that the script should be written after gathering audio and video interviews and B-roll footage to tell the story. The script separates elements into two columns for video and audio and includes sound bytes, voiceovers, and natural sound to weave the story together cohesively. Tips are given to choose compelling sound bytes, write natural-sounding voiceovers, and notate timing references to aid the editor. The overall goal is to craft a script that is easy for the editor to follow in transforming it into a polished news package.
R.K. Narayan was a prominent Indian novelist who was born in 1906 in Chennai, India. He received some of his early schooling from his father, who was a headmaster. Narayan later worked as a reporter in Madras before embarking on a career as a novelist. Some of his most famous novels include Swami and Friends, The Guide, and The Man-Eater of Malgudi. Many of Narayan's novels were set in the fictional town of Malgudi and focused on the lives of ordinary people. His writing style was known for its simplicity and humor. Narayan received many honors over his career, including the Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian
The document discusses various aspects of TV news programs, including why they are studied, their genre and conventions, and language features. It provides information on news packages, reports, programs, and their use of codes, conventions and stylistic techniques. These include features like voiceovers, interviews, graphics, anchors and sets. The document also discusses how different news programs develop distinct brand identities through varying these genre elements.
Jean Baudrillard examines the relationship between society, symbol, and reality in his philosophical treatise Simulacra and Simulation. He argues that culture has taken priority over the things they signify in our world. Baudrillard believes we have progressed through four stages: where signs accurately reflect reality; where signs disguise and alter reality; where signs no longer refer to reality at all; and where signs solely reference other signs in a world of pure simulation detached from reality. The work explores how representations and simulations of reality shape our society.
Presentation on the novel "The White Tiger" by Arvind Adigajaniriddhi
The document provides a summary of the novel "The White Tiger" by Aravind Adiga. It discusses key facts about the novel such as the author, narrator, protagonist, antagonist, setting, plot, themes, symbols and characters. Specifically, it notes that the novel is narrated by Balram Halwai and follows his journey from rural poverty to becoming a successful entrepreneur in Bangalore through morally questionable means, representing a struggle between the "India of light and darkness."
This document outlines the stages of script development for visual media. It discusses that scriptwriting is a process that begins with gathering information and analyzing ideas before devising a creative concept. This concept then needs to be developed through an outline or treatment. The treatment involves expanding the concept and revealing the complete narrative structure. A first draft script is then written to transpose the content of the treatment into the appropriate script format. The script then undergoes a revision process incorporating feedback before a final draft is completed.
- Television is able to attract large audiences from all ages, literacy levels, and socioeconomic classes, making it the largest mass medium.
- In India, television has been used more for educational and informational purposes rather than entertainment since its introduction. It aims to promote national integration, development, and disseminate messages about social and economic change.
- Television's audiovisual nature allows it to vividly portray events and influence audiences in a memorable way, making it well-suited for transmitting live news, events, and social messages.
This document outlines an orientation class for mass communication students on the topic of conflict reporting. It defines different types of conflict, such as cultural and structural violence. It emphasizes that journalists have a role in resolving conflicts by providing reliable information to help explain the underlying causes. The document provides guidance for conflict-sensitive reporting, such as avoiding language that takes sides, including the perspectives of all groups affected by a conflict, and exploring common interests and peace solutions between opposing sides. The overall message is that journalists' choice of words and framing of issues can help build understanding or exacerbate tensions in situations of conflict.
The document discusses the history and evolution of interviews as a medium for journalism. It notes that while interviews have become a common part of journalism in the last 130 years, some early 20th century authors expressed disdain for interviews and interviewers. Additionally, some celebrities have felt wounded or lost parts of themselves through the interview process over the years, though interviews also allow vivid impressions of contemporaries to be formed.
This document discusses post-modernism and its relationship with television. It outlines some key aspects of post-modernism, including the rejection of grand narratives, hyperreality, and a focus on surface level meanings over depth. It then examines how television has embraced post-modern concepts by blurring reality and fiction, prioritizing constant entertainment over substance, and promoting pastiche and spectacle. The document also notes that Pakistani television is increasingly demonstrating post-modern influences but could potentially apply its concepts in a healthier manner that does not undermine societal values.
Tintin reads about a plane crash in Tibet and has a vision of his friend Chang calling for help. He travels to Tibet with Captain Haddock and Sherpa Tharkey to search for survivors. They find the crash site but encounter a mysterious creature and dangerous conditions. After nearly dying in an avalanche, they are rescued by monks. Tintin learns Chang is alive in a mountain cave with the Yeti, who saved his life. Tintin finds and rescues Chang, discovering the Yeti is not a wild beast but has a human soul. They return home honored for their bravery in saving Tintin's friend.
Media regulation refers to government control over mass media to protect the public interest and restrict certain content. It aims to regulate press, television, and radio. Media regulation emerged due to issues caused by media exposure, such as theories linking violence in media to real-world violent behavior. It also aims to prevent offensive, demeaning, or immoral content. While technology has increased risks like hacking, media regulation still plays a role in restricting graphic or scarring content that could harm viewers, especially children. However, regulation must be implemented reasonably and not restrict important information the public has a right to access.
Mass communication and mass media serve several important functions: to inform, educate, entertain, and help form public opinions. They disseminate information about current events to audiences, provide education on various topics, entertain for leisure time, and influence opinions through different leaders and discussions. Additionally, mass media can help with national development by increasing awareness, transmitting societal values, interpreting events, and mobilizing public support.
This document provides an overview of movies and filmmaking. It begins with definitions of movies and their purpose, then discusses the history of film from the 1890s to the present. Key developments like the introduction of sound and animation are outlined. Popular modern film production companies are listed, along with tools used in filmmaking. Both advantages and disadvantages of movies are presented. In conclusion, the document acknowledges that movies can have positive and negative impacts and that different opinions exist on this issue.
The document discusses OTT (over-the-top) platforms and theaters. It defines OTT as delivering content online through streaming services like Amazon Prime, Netflix, and YouTube. Theaters are defined as buildings for hosting live dramatic performances and film screenings. Some key facts provided include Disney+ Hotstar being the largest OTT platform in India, the Indian film industry being the biggest globally, and theaters in India reaching a 182 billion rupee market size in 2022 despite Covid. The pros and cons of both OTT and theaters are outlined, with OTT providing flexibility and cheaper access while theaters offer unique immersive experiences and employment. The conclusion is that the best content platform will succeed as personal preferences vary on
Raja Rao effectively uses narrative techniques in his novel Kanthapura. He employs a persona narrator, Achakka, an old woman in the village, to tell the story. This allows him to blend fact and myth from her perspective. As she narrates the events of the freedom movement, it takes on an epic, Puranic quality. Achakka's folksy, dramatic storytelling makes the readers feel like they are visualizing the events. Raja Rao varies the language, tone, and tempo based on the situation to keep the narrative engaging. He builds suspense and conveys large events through Achakka's vivid descriptions and use of imagery and epithets. Through Achakka's narr
The document provides details about noted Kannada writer Vaidehi. It discusses her background and literary career, noting that she is acclaimed for her evocative portrayals of women's inner lives and experiences. It summarizes her short story "Akku", about a mentally ill woman named Akku whose husband disappears, leaving her to imagine she is pregnant. Akku defies social norms through her abnormal behavior but continues to face oppression and violence from men in her life. The story illustrates Vaidehi's focus on portraying women's resistance and the tensions they face between the private, inner world and public expectations.
This document discusses different approaches for using consumers to evaluate advertisements and provides evidence-based recommendations. It recommends only using surveys that ask about purchase intentions when presented with different ads (#3), and advises against focus groups (#1) and surveys about ad liking (#2). Focus groups and questions about ad liking can lead to biases and do not objectively measure persuasiveness. The best approach is experiments that assess how people respond to different ads. The document encourages applying these principles by testing consumer responses to ads within a week.
Blood is the red fluid that circulates through arteries and veins, carrying oxygen and nutrients to tissues and carbon dioxide away from tissues. It is composed of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells carry oxygen, white blood cells fight infection, and platelets help the blood clot to prevent bleeding. Overall, blood works to deliver oxygen and nutrients, collect waste, and fight germs throughout the body.
Natyashastra : The first communication book of the worldAbinash Pani
Bharata Muni was an ancient Indian scholar who wrote the Natya Shastra, a theoretical treatise on communication in Sanskrit literature. The Natya Shastra outlines principles of verbal and nonverbal communication and theorizes communication uniquely through concepts like Rasa, Sahridayata, and Sadharanikaran. It provides insights into communication in Hindu society and envisions relationship-based communication aimed at achieving common understanding between parties. The Sadharanikaran model of communication illustrated in the Natya Shastra shows communication as a nonlinear, two-way process incorporating physical, mental and spiritual dimensions to achieve goals of Hindu philosophy.
The summary provides a high-level overview of the key details and events from the document in 3 sentences:
1) Asokamitran talks about his days working at the famous Gemini Studios in Chennai, including describing the makeup department and some of the eccentric staff members.
2) He also recounts visits by English poets and a mysterious speech given by Stephen Spender that was initially incomprehensible but later made sense after Asokamitran learned more about Spender's background.
3) The summary concludes by explaining how Asokamitran eventually came to understand the connection between Spender's visit to the studio and his anti-communist perspectives through later research.
This document provides guidance on how to write a script for a news package. It explains that the script should be written after gathering audio and video interviews and B-roll footage to tell the story. The script separates elements into two columns for video and audio and includes sound bytes, voiceovers, and natural sound to weave the story together cohesively. Tips are given to choose compelling sound bytes, write natural-sounding voiceovers, and notate timing references to aid the editor. The overall goal is to craft a script that is easy for the editor to follow in transforming it into a polished news package.
R.K. Narayan was a prominent Indian novelist who was born in 1906 in Chennai, India. He received some of his early schooling from his father, who was a headmaster. Narayan later worked as a reporter in Madras before embarking on a career as a novelist. Some of his most famous novels include Swami and Friends, The Guide, and The Man-Eater of Malgudi. Many of Narayan's novels were set in the fictional town of Malgudi and focused on the lives of ordinary people. His writing style was known for its simplicity and humor. Narayan received many honors over his career, including the Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian
The document discusses various aspects of TV news programs, including why they are studied, their genre and conventions, and language features. It provides information on news packages, reports, programs, and their use of codes, conventions and stylistic techniques. These include features like voiceovers, interviews, graphics, anchors and sets. The document also discusses how different news programs develop distinct brand identities through varying these genre elements.
Jean Baudrillard examines the relationship between society, symbol, and reality in his philosophical treatise Simulacra and Simulation. He argues that culture has taken priority over the things they signify in our world. Baudrillard believes we have progressed through four stages: where signs accurately reflect reality; where signs disguise and alter reality; where signs no longer refer to reality at all; and where signs solely reference other signs in a world of pure simulation detached from reality. The work explores how representations and simulations of reality shape our society.
Presentation on the novel "The White Tiger" by Arvind Adigajaniriddhi
The document provides a summary of the novel "The White Tiger" by Aravind Adiga. It discusses key facts about the novel such as the author, narrator, protagonist, antagonist, setting, plot, themes, symbols and characters. Specifically, it notes that the novel is narrated by Balram Halwai and follows his journey from rural poverty to becoming a successful entrepreneur in Bangalore through morally questionable means, representing a struggle between the "India of light and darkness."
This document outlines the stages of script development for visual media. It discusses that scriptwriting is a process that begins with gathering information and analyzing ideas before devising a creative concept. This concept then needs to be developed through an outline or treatment. The treatment involves expanding the concept and revealing the complete narrative structure. A first draft script is then written to transpose the content of the treatment into the appropriate script format. The script then undergoes a revision process incorporating feedback before a final draft is completed.
- Television is able to attract large audiences from all ages, literacy levels, and socioeconomic classes, making it the largest mass medium.
- In India, television has been used more for educational and informational purposes rather than entertainment since its introduction. It aims to promote national integration, development, and disseminate messages about social and economic change.
- Television's audiovisual nature allows it to vividly portray events and influence audiences in a memorable way, making it well-suited for transmitting live news, events, and social messages.
This document outlines an orientation class for mass communication students on the topic of conflict reporting. It defines different types of conflict, such as cultural and structural violence. It emphasizes that journalists have a role in resolving conflicts by providing reliable information to help explain the underlying causes. The document provides guidance for conflict-sensitive reporting, such as avoiding language that takes sides, including the perspectives of all groups affected by a conflict, and exploring common interests and peace solutions between opposing sides. The overall message is that journalists' choice of words and framing of issues can help build understanding or exacerbate tensions in situations of conflict.
The document discusses the history and evolution of interviews as a medium for journalism. It notes that while interviews have become a common part of journalism in the last 130 years, some early 20th century authors expressed disdain for interviews and interviewers. Additionally, some celebrities have felt wounded or lost parts of themselves through the interview process over the years, though interviews also allow vivid impressions of contemporaries to be formed.
This document discusses post-modernism and its relationship with television. It outlines some key aspects of post-modernism, including the rejection of grand narratives, hyperreality, and a focus on surface level meanings over depth. It then examines how television has embraced post-modern concepts by blurring reality and fiction, prioritizing constant entertainment over substance, and promoting pastiche and spectacle. The document also notes that Pakistani television is increasingly demonstrating post-modern influences but could potentially apply its concepts in a healthier manner that does not undermine societal values.
Tintin reads about a plane crash in Tibet and has a vision of his friend Chang calling for help. He travels to Tibet with Captain Haddock and Sherpa Tharkey to search for survivors. They find the crash site but encounter a mysterious creature and dangerous conditions. After nearly dying in an avalanche, they are rescued by monks. Tintin learns Chang is alive in a mountain cave with the Yeti, who saved his life. Tintin finds and rescues Chang, discovering the Yeti is not a wild beast but has a human soul. They return home honored for their bravery in saving Tintin's friend.
Media regulation refers to government control over mass media to protect the public interest and restrict certain content. It aims to regulate press, television, and radio. Media regulation emerged due to issues caused by media exposure, such as theories linking violence in media to real-world violent behavior. It also aims to prevent offensive, demeaning, or immoral content. While technology has increased risks like hacking, media regulation still plays a role in restricting graphic or scarring content that could harm viewers, especially children. However, regulation must be implemented reasonably and not restrict important information the public has a right to access.
Mass communication and mass media serve several important functions: to inform, educate, entertain, and help form public opinions. They disseminate information about current events to audiences, provide education on various topics, entertain for leisure time, and influence opinions through different leaders and discussions. Additionally, mass media can help with national development by increasing awareness, transmitting societal values, interpreting events, and mobilizing public support.
This document provides an overview of movies and filmmaking. It begins with definitions of movies and their purpose, then discusses the history of film from the 1890s to the present. Key developments like the introduction of sound and animation are outlined. Popular modern film production companies are listed, along with tools used in filmmaking. Both advantages and disadvantages of movies are presented. In conclusion, the document acknowledges that movies can have positive and negative impacts and that different opinions exist on this issue.
The document discusses OTT (over-the-top) platforms and theaters. It defines OTT as delivering content online through streaming services like Amazon Prime, Netflix, and YouTube. Theaters are defined as buildings for hosting live dramatic performances and film screenings. Some key facts provided include Disney+ Hotstar being the largest OTT platform in India, the Indian film industry being the biggest globally, and theaters in India reaching a 182 billion rupee market size in 2022 despite Covid. The pros and cons of both OTT and theaters are outlined, with OTT providing flexibility and cheaper access while theaters offer unique immersive experiences and employment. The conclusion is that the best content platform will succeed as personal preferences vary on
Raja Rao effectively uses narrative techniques in his novel Kanthapura. He employs a persona narrator, Achakka, an old woman in the village, to tell the story. This allows him to blend fact and myth from her perspective. As she narrates the events of the freedom movement, it takes on an epic, Puranic quality. Achakka's folksy, dramatic storytelling makes the readers feel like they are visualizing the events. Raja Rao varies the language, tone, and tempo based on the situation to keep the narrative engaging. He builds suspense and conveys large events through Achakka's vivid descriptions and use of imagery and epithets. Through Achakka's narr
The document provides details about noted Kannada writer Vaidehi. It discusses her background and literary career, noting that she is acclaimed for her evocative portrayals of women's inner lives and experiences. It summarizes her short story "Akku", about a mentally ill woman named Akku whose husband disappears, leaving her to imagine she is pregnant. Akku defies social norms through her abnormal behavior but continues to face oppression and violence from men in her life. The story illustrates Vaidehi's focus on portraying women's resistance and the tensions they face between the private, inner world and public expectations.
This document discusses different approaches for using consumers to evaluate advertisements and provides evidence-based recommendations. It recommends only using surveys that ask about purchase intentions when presented with different ads (#3), and advises against focus groups (#1) and surveys about ad liking (#2). Focus groups and questions about ad liking can lead to biases and do not objectively measure persuasiveness. The best approach is experiments that assess how people respond to different ads. The document encourages applying these principles by testing consumer responses to ads within a week.
Blood is the red fluid that circulates through arteries and veins, carrying oxygen and nutrients to tissues and carbon dioxide away from tissues. It is composed of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells carry oxygen, white blood cells fight infection, and platelets help the blood clot to prevent bleeding. Overall, blood works to deliver oxygen and nutrients, collect waste, and fight germs throughout the body.
The document discusses how digital technology is changing behaviors and society. It argues that a revolution occurs when society adopts new behaviors, not just new tools. It also discusses how digital is about behaviors, not just technology, and how digital marketing is about stories and values, not just online channels. The future of marketing is described as engaging customers by igniting conversations through every digital touchpoint and screen, rather than just interrupting conversations.
The document discusses Tevatron Technologies, a company focused on VLSI design, FPGA-based design, and embedded systems. It provides an overview of the company's vision to be an end-to-end provider of electronics design and manufacturing. It then describes an industrial training seminar on RTL design, Verilog, and FPGA design held at Tevatron Technologies.
This document summarizes research on the persuasiveness of examples versus statistics. It begins by asking whether statistics are generally more convincing than examples, then reveals that statistics are more persuasive unless the audience has strong contrary beliefs. It cites a meta-analysis finding that statistical evidence convinced 22% more people on issues where audiences were split 50-50. It concludes by advising considering an audience's existing beliefs when deciding whether to use examples or statistics in persuading them.
This document discusses point-of-sale (POS) systems for restaurants and bars. It explains that a POS system allows businesses to record and track customer orders, process payments, manage inventory, and connect to other systems. POS terminals generally include a personal computer and application-specific programs for the particular environment. The document also outlines important features for food and beverage systems like sales/marketing, table management, menu engineering, and customer loyalty programs. It provides examples of different types of food and beverage outlets like cafes, cafeterias, food courts, and casual/fine dining restaurants.
Este documento trata sobre la motivación laboral en las empresas de servicio. Explica que la motivación es fundamental para el éxito empresarial ya que de ella depende la consecución de los objetivos. También analiza conceptos como la motivación intrínseca y extrínseca, y factores que influyen en la motivación como la comunicación, cultura y satisfacción laboral. Finalmente, resalta la importancia de medidas como la flexibilidad, autonomía, formación y conciliación para motivar a los trabajadores.
This document provides an overview of point of sale (POS) systems, including why businesses use POS, the key features of POS systems, different types of POS systems for various industries like food and beverage or retail, and the daily, end of day, and end of year processes managed by POS systems. It also discusses POS hardware, inventory management, reporting, promotions, security, and features that benefit multi-store and enterprise businesses.
Este documento discute los efectos del interferón alfa en la tiroides. Explica que el interferón alfa puede causar disregulación inmune y patología tiroidea en hasta el 34% de los pacientes, especialmente mujeres y aquellos con factores de riesgo como antecedentes familiares o anticuerpos positivos. Describe que el interferón alfa puede afectar la función tiroidea directamente o a través de la modulación de la respuesta inmune, causando hipotiroidismo o tirotoxicosis. Aproximadamente la mitad de los casos se
The document provides information about cartoons and their use in education. It begins by outlining the origins and evolution of cartoons in India, including their religious and cultural influences over time. It then discusses different types of cartoons such as political cartoons, comic strips, web comics, and animated cartoons. The document notes that cartoons can be effectively used in education to grab attention, enhance understanding, improve skills like public speaking, teach moral lessons, and improve teacher-student relationships. Specific examples of how cartoons can be used in teaching sciences, social sciences, and languages are provided. Famous Indian and international cartoonists are mentioned. The conclusion discusses benefits of using cartoons and comics for language learning and other subjects.
Genre Study | Political Satire | Absalom and AchitophelDilip Barad
This presentation deal with Absalom and Achitophel as political satire. In the prologue, "To the Reader", Dryden states that "the true end of satire is the amendment of vices by correction".
This document discusses editorial cartoons and provides guidance on how to create them. It defines editorial cartoons as graphic expressions of ideas and opinions that comment on current political issues. It notes they differ from comic strips in their single panel format and use in newspapers. The document outlines elements to include, such as symbols, sizes, and techniques like shading. It provides examples of common symbols used in editorial cartoons. Finally, it describes the steps to create one, including identifying the issue, arranging elements, and finalizing the drawing while observing ethics.
The document describes an art museum with exhibits from different countries including Japan, China, India, and pieces related to the Gutai art movement in Japan. It provides descriptions of individual artworks covering various themes such as orientalism, the partition of India, consumerism, and the cultural revolution. The museum entrance leads to rooms with artifacts, sculptures, and installations from different time periods and artists commenting on their respective cultures and societies.
O surgimento das histã³rias em quadrinhos v (1)agaoque
The document provides an overview of the emergence and development of comics. It discusses the early creators like Richard Felton Outcault who created Yellow Kid, considered the first comic book character. It also mentions Maxwell Charles Gaines who devised the first four-color comic book format. The document then discusses different terms used for comics in various countries and languages. It examines the genres within comics like cartoons, charges, graphic novels. Finally, it outlines some of the major eras and developments in the comics industry over time.
An Analysis of the Inherent Realism Prevalent in the Novels of R K Narayanpaperpublications3
In the fiction of R. K. Narayan, one can find the true representation of Contemporary Indian Life, Traditions and Culture
in its vivid and realistic form. The Social realism is extensively and minutely described. Narayan is a pure story teller, an
artist who portrays reality in its real rare rhythm. Social customs and reality are vividly described with unbiased
objectivity and complete detached observation.
R. K. Narayan (Rasipuram Krishnaswami Iyer Narayanaswami,, 1906-2001) belongs to the age of Indian Freedom
Struggle of 20th century.The three bright stars, luminaries of Indian English literature, Mulk Raj Anand, R. K. Narayan
and Raja Rao started writing their fiction, largely in this period of great ferment and excitement. Some of their early
works truly reflect the conditions and the problems that characterize the early decades of the twentieth Century India and
her people. All of them voiced the emotion of their age in their fiction directly or indirectly. R. K. Narayan wrote Fifteen
Novels, Five Volumes of Short-Stories, a number of Travelogues and Collection of Non-fiction, English Translation of
Indian Epics, and the Memoirs “My Days”.
The Pop Art movement originated in the mid-1950s in both the United States and Britain. Major American pop artists like Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, and Jasper Johns blurred the line between fine art and popular culture by reproducing everyday commercial objects and comic books. Their work commented on consumer culture and the increasing influence of advertising and mass media. Meanwhile, the British pop artist Richard Hamilton aimed to make art more accessible to the masses.
Tenth lecture for my students in English 140, UC Santa Barbara, Summer 2012. Course website: http://patrickbrianmooney.nfshost.com/~patrick/ta/su12/index.html
Social realism focused on accurately depicting the lives of the working class and poor through paintings and photographs that conveyed social and political messages. Major artists like Dorothea Lange, Grant Wood, Ben Shahn, and Jacob Lawrence created works highlighting issues like poverty, labor struggles, and the African American experience to bring awareness to social problems and inspire change during difficult economic times like the Great Depression. The style aimed to realistically portray everyday people and scenes to sympathize with the working class.
Political satire uses humor and irony to criticize politicians and comment on current issues affecting society. It has been used for centuries as a way to assess the faults of society and provoke change when direct political speech is restricted. Graffiti involves writings or drawings made illegally in public spaces. Banksy uses graffiti art to convey political or social commentary, often about economic inequality or social status. His images are thought-provoking and influence viewers by raising awareness about issues in their own society.
Fiction, Politics, Magic in Midnight's Children divyaparmar44
Salman Rushdie's novel Midnight's Children follows the lives of two children born at midnight on August 15, 1947, as India gained independence. The novel uses magical realism and examines important political events in post-independence India through the experiences of the protagonists Saleem Sinai and Shiva. It explores themes of history, identity, and the connection between personal lives and broader politics. The characters are given magical powers related to their birth at midnight as the new nation was born.
Raymond Williams was a Welsh author, academic and cultural theorist. He developed the concept of cultural materialism, which views culture as part of an active historical process shaped by social and economic forces. Some key aspects of his work include identifying the "structure of feeling" of an era, viewing culture as "ordinary" and democratic, and analyzing culture through the lenses of dominant, residual and emergent forces. His 1973 book The Country and The City analyzed how English literature depicted rural and urban life and their changing relationship over time. Williams made important contributions to Marxist literary and cultural theory.
This document provides biographical information about Raymond Williams and summarizes his influential definitions of culture and society. It notes that Williams was a Welsh Marxist theorist, academic, novelist and critic born in 1921 who is considered the father of cultural studies. It discusses some of his major works and then summarizes his assertion that culture consists of a whole way of life as well as the arts. The document also provides Williams' definition of society as a group of people living together and sharing norms and values. It concludes by quoting Williams that culture is one of the most complicated words in the English language.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: STALIN IMPACT ON CULTURE. It contains: the cultural system, the social role of the writers, the censorship, policy, repressed atmosphere, effects on theatre and film, painting and sculpture, socialist music.
Pakistani literature in English has developed over several stages from pre-partition to the present. Early works reflected the turmoil of the independence movement and creation of Pakistan. Major themes included nationalism, social conflicts, and secularism. Prominent early writers included Ahmed Ali and Mumtaz Shahzawaz. Post-partition literature focused on disillusionment and threats to liberal values. Writers like Manto, Kazi, and Farooqi explored social issues through short stories. More recent decades saw increased exploration of issues like politics, history, gender, and identity by writers such as Shamsie, Hamid, and Hanif. Pakistani literature has grown to give voice to the country's diverse experiences over the decades.
This document provides an overview of several major literary movements from 1900-2000, including Modernism, Stream of Consciousness, Expressionism, Surrealism, Symbolism, Futurism, and Dadaism. It summarizes the origins, key ideas, and major figures of each movement. The document was prepared by Khushbu Lakhupota for a history of English literature course at MKBU and includes citations for additional references.
The document provides an overview of several key art movements from the 20th century including Abstract Expressionism, Pop Art, and Color Field Painting. Abstract Expressionism emerged in New York in the 1940s-1960s and emphasized spontaneity and emotion through techniques like action painting. Major artists included Pollock, de Kooning, Rothko, and Kline. Pop Art developed in the 1960s and reflected popular culture through images from advertisements, comics, and everyday objects. Andy Warhol was a prominent Pop artist known for silkscreen prints and repetition. Color Field Painting involved large areas of solid color intended for close viewing.
1. Pop Art emerged in the 1960s and utilized imagery from popular culture and mass media such as advertisements, comics, and everyday consumer products.
2. Key American Pop Artists included Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, Robert Rauschenberg, and Claes Oldenburg. They used techniques like silkscreening and incorporated imagery from products, celebrities, and comics.
3. Andy Warhol produced iconic works featuring Campbell's soup cans and images of celebrities. Roy Lichtenstein adopted a comic book style to depict familiar scenes and characters.
4. Pop Art commented on consumerism and mass production in postwar American society by appropriating popular imagery
Similar to RK Lakshman's Common Man: Analysis (20)
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2. RK
LAKSHMAN
24 October 1921 – 26 January 2015 An eminent cartoonist, illustrator,
humourist and writer, famously known for
his cartoon strip ‘You said it’ featured in
The Times of India since 1951.
Inspired by renowned British cartoonist,
Sir David Low he started early, drawing
inspiration from looking at illustrations in
magazines such as Punch and Bystander.
He has also gave illustrations to his
brother RK Narain’s works like Malgudi
Days and created popular mascot Gattu
for Asian Paints in 1954.
He is best known for his satirical
representations of political scenario
specially through his popular character –
The Common Man – in his cartoon strip.
He has also illustrated series of pocket
cartoons.
I drew objects that caught my eye
outside the window of my room – the
dry twigs, leaves and lizard-like
creatures crawling about, the servant
chopping firewood and, of course, and
number of crows in various postures on
the rooftops of the buildings opposite
— R. K. Laxman
3. LAKSHMAN’s
STYLESatirical approach towards Indian Politics and Political
Leaders
An ironical representation of politics in
India
Humoristic approach towards social and
political scenarios
Confusion, chaos and helplessness
Minimalistic compositions inspired by day-
to-day events.
The Common Man character acts as a
passive victim of all happenings
4.
5. THE COMMON
MAN
General insight into the character
Is a passive witness to all the political drama
around him.
Depicted as a old aged man with a mid aged wife
(shown sometimes)
Indianized look with signature dhoti-kurta and
checked safari coat with Nehru collar.
Westernized shoes
Seems interested participant but passive
6.
7. MAN
GENERALIZATIO
N
No specific identity
disclosure
No regional influences
included in the character
No significant references
of profession or
bureaucratic attachment
Mirroring mass opinion
on socio-political issues
8. THECOMMON
MAN
PASSIVITY
Subject in contexts but
like an object to the
surroundings
Keen observer (wide
eyes open most of the
times)
Neglected or taken for
granted
Omnipresence
Silent, passive worry,
accepting and helpless
10. THECOMMON
MAN
SILENTREBEL
Conscious awareness about
the socio-political drama
Non verbal (body language)
expression and response
Reflecting the agitation in
the common Indian masses
directly and indirectly
11. MAN
BACKING
GANDHI
The dhoti style resembling the
classic style of Mahatma Gandhi
The old age, bent back and bald
head maybe inspired from
Gandhi’s look
The iconic Gandhian spectacles
Passiveness of the common man
may be attributed to Non-violence
and tolerance
Commonly accepted image can be
none other than Gandhi’s.
12.
13. SOCIO -CULTURAL INFLUENCE ON
THE COMMON MAN
The cartoon reflected the
common Indian citizens
opinion. It was inspired by the
day to day occurrences in the
society. It brought out notions
of concern in the society in a
humorous way that was
entertaining as well as satirical
14. SOCIO -CULTURAL INFLUENCE ON
THE COMMON MAN
It was soon seen the revolution of
the common man into a more active
participant. With RK Lakshman’s
common man being a readily
accepted notion in Indian society
many social and political groups
adopted the ‘common man’ to
outreach the general Indian masses
15. Take 10 to 15 pics and try to analyse it in contexts
Reference needed
Time magazine remarked in a review of a book of his cartoons - Each morning,
Laxman’s frazzled character, known as the Common Man, confronts India’s latest
heartbreak with a kind of wry resignation. Meek, doddering and with a moustache that
bristles like an electrocuted mongoose, he’s a witness to everything: Scheming
politicians, rapacious bureaucrats and gossiping housewives. What’s common about
this character is that like most Indians, he sees his country being forced through
endless indignities by its leaders and yet doesn’t even whimper in protest.