LACNIC report as presented by Sergio Rojas at ARIN's Public Policy and Members Meeting in April 2014. All ARIN 33 presentations are posted online at: https://www.arin.net/ARIN33_materials
The INSPIRE 20187 Hackathon is co-organized with Plan4all and other partners. The presentation is about the APIs4DGov study, its goal and motivation for the participation at the INSPIRE Hackathon. Plus, some useful resources for the hackathon are illustrated.
LACNIC report as presented by Sergio Rojas at ARIN's Public Policy and Members Meeting in April 2014. All ARIN 33 presentations are posted online at: https://www.arin.net/ARIN33_materials
The INSPIRE 20187 Hackathon is co-organized with Plan4all and other partners. The presentation is about the APIs4DGov study, its goal and motivation for the participation at the INSPIRE Hackathon. Plus, some useful resources for the hackathon are illustrated.
The RIPE Atlas team released a new online tool that helps to make sense of trace routes that are generated by RIPE Atlas. Use this tool to optimize your routing and debug network problems.
APNIC Foundation, presented by Ellisha Heppner at the PNG DNS Forum 2024APNIC
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Registry Data Accuracy Improvements, presented by Chimi Dorji at SANOG 41 / I...APNIC
Chimi Dorji, Internet Resource Analyst at APNIC, presented on Registry Data Accuracy Improvements at SANOG 41 jointly held with INNOG 7 in Mumbai, India from 25 to 30 April 2024.
APNIC Policy Roundup, presented by Sunny Chendi at the 5th ICANN APAC-TWNIC E...APNIC
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DDoS In Oceania and the Pacific, presented by Dave Phelan at NZNOG 2024APNIC
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'Future Evolution of the Internet' delivered by Geoff Huston at Everything Op...APNIC
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APNIC Update and RIR Policies for ccTLDs, presented at APTLD 85APNIC
APNIC Senior Advisor, Membership and Policy, Sunny Chendi presented on APNIC updates and RIR Policies for ccTLDs at APTLD 85 in Goa, India from 19-22 February 2024.
1.Wireless Communication System_Wireless communication is a broad term that i...JeyaPerumal1
Wireless communication involves the transmission of information over a distance without the help of wires, cables or any other forms of electrical conductors.
Wireless communication is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices.
Features of Wireless Communication
The evolution of wireless technology has brought many advancements with its effective features.
The transmitted distance can be anywhere between a few meters (for example, a television's remote control) and thousands of kilometers (for example, radio communication).
Wireless communication can be used for cellular telephony, wireless access to the internet, wireless home networking, and so on.
Multi-cluster Kubernetes Networking- Patterns, Projects and GuidelinesSanjeev Rampal
Talk presented at Kubernetes Community Day, New York, May 2024.
Technical summary of Multi-Cluster Kubernetes Networking architectures with focus on 4 key topics.
1) Key patterns for Multi-cluster architectures
2) Architectural comparison of several OSS/ CNCF projects to address these patterns
3) Evolution trends for the APIs of these projects
4) Some design recommendations & guidelines for adopting/ deploying these solutions.
# Internet Security: Safeguarding Your Digital World
In the contemporary digital age, the internet is a cornerstone of our daily lives. It connects us to vast amounts of information, provides platforms for communication, enables commerce, and offers endless entertainment. However, with these conveniences come significant security challenges. Internet security is essential to protect our digital identities, sensitive data, and overall online experience. This comprehensive guide explores the multifaceted world of internet security, providing insights into its importance, common threats, and effective strategies to safeguard your digital world.
## Understanding Internet Security
Internet security encompasses the measures and protocols used to protect information, devices, and networks from unauthorized access, attacks, and damage. It involves a wide range of practices designed to safeguard data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Effective internet security is crucial for individuals, businesses, and governments alike, as cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity and scale.
### Key Components of Internet Security
1. **Confidentiality**: Ensuring that information is accessible only to those authorized to access it.
2. **Integrity**: Protecting information from being altered or tampered with by unauthorized parties.
3. **Availability**: Ensuring that authorized users have reliable access to information and resources when needed.
## Common Internet Security Threats
Cyber threats are numerous and constantly evolving. Understanding these threats is the first step in protecting against them. Some of the most common internet security threats include:
### Malware
Malware, or malicious software, is designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise a device, network, or service. Common types of malware include:
- **Viruses**: Programs that attach themselves to legitimate software and replicate, spreading to other programs and files.
- **Worms**: Standalone malware that replicates itself to spread to other computers.
- **Trojan Horses**: Malicious software disguised as legitimate software.
- **Ransomware**: Malware that encrypts a user's files and demands a ransom for the decryption key.
- **Spyware**: Software that secretly monitors and collects user information.
### Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering attack that aims to steal sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details. Attackers often masquerade as trusted entities in email or other communication channels, tricking victims into providing their information.
### Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks
MitM attacks occur when an attacker intercepts and potentially alters communication between two parties without their knowledge. This can lead to the unauthorized acquisition of sensitive information.
### Denial-of-Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attacks
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Brad Spiegel Macon GA’s journey exemplifies the profound impact that one individual can have on their community. Through his unwavering dedication to digital inclusion, he’s not only bridging the gap in Macon but also setting an example for others to follow.
1. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu
RIPE ATLAS BoF
On behalf of RIPE NCC
RIPE Atlas Tools for
Operators and IXPs
2. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 2
Overview
• Introduction to RIPE Atlas
• Use Cases
• IXP Country Jedi
• New: TraceMON
• How to Take Part in RIPE Atlas
• RIPE Atlas in LAC
4. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 4
What is RIPE Atlas? (1)
• RIPE Atlas video
• 9700+ active probes
- 2,606 disconnected
- 6,692 abandoned
• Countries: 177
• Originating ASNs:
3,394 (IPv4) = 5.9%
1,241 (IPv6) = 9.2%
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What is RIPE Atlas? (2)
Composed by: Anchors
• 268 in total
- 31 in APNIC region
• Worldwide
coverage improving,
also thanks to
cooperation with
other RIRs and ISOC
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RIPE Atlas Community
• Users
• Hosts
- Probes
- Anchors
• Sponsors
- Two in 2017
• 300+ Ambassadors
at many conferences
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Highlights
• Six types of measurements: ping, traceroute,
DNS, SSL/TLS, NTP and HTTP (to anchors)
• New: TraceMON
• APIs and CLI tools to start measurements
and get results
• Streaming data for real-time results
• Status checks (Icinga & Nagios)
• “Time Travel”, LatencyMON, DomainMON
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Use Cases (2)
• DDoS Attack on Dyn DNS Servers (Oct. 2016)
- 10s millions devices - Mirai botnet
- Legitimate requests
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Use Cases (3)
• Monitor Game Service Connectivity (Sept. 2016)
• Requirements:
- Check General Reachability, Latency, Historical data
- Supported by an active and helpful community
- Integrate with their existing logging system
• Track down an outage in one upstream
• Became sponsors
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Use Cases (4)
• Amsterdam Power Outage (March 2015)
• When and where the outage was happening
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IXP Country Jedi
• Tool and concept by Emile Aben
- https://github.com/emileaben/ixp-country-jedi
- https://labs.ripe.net/Members/emileaben/measuring-ixps-
with-ripe-atlas
• Method:
- Traceroute mesh between RIPE Atlas probes
- Detect whether they go via local IXPs’ LAN IP
- Hops geolocated using OpenIPMap database
• Data:
- http://sg-pub.ripe.net/emile/ixp-country-jedi/
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IXP Country Jedi
• Benefits:
- Shows how IXPs help keep traffic local
- Comparing countries’ performances with each other
- Routing and traffic optimisation
- Comparing IPv6 and IPv4
• India:
- http://sg-pub.ripe.net/emile/ixp-country-jedi/latest/IN/
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How Many Paths Go Via Local IXP?
18. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu
• Interactive tool! (hover over the cell…)
- http://sg-pub.ripe.net/emile/ixp-country-jedi/latest/IE/
• Red or blue: the path is going out of country
- If this is a surprise, talk to your upstream(s)
• Yellow: the path that is not going via local IXP
- If this is undesired, make a new peering agreement
18
Optimise Routing
19. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 19
New in IXP Country Jedi
• “Hackerspaces-Jedi”
- https://labs.ripe.net/Members/becha/the-next-42-ripe-atlas-
probes-at-hackerspaces
• It uses tags instead of countries for probe
selection
• An easy way to build community around
probes and to be able to run your own
customised measurements
29. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 29
Daily Struggles: A Reaches B
• How?
- Optimised?
- IXP?
- Which Autonomous Systems?
- Latency?
•Where?
- Which local entity/node of the CDN?
- From which source?
- Is it going in another country?
30. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 30
Daily Struggles: A Doesn’t Reach B
• Where does it stop?
- Which AS?
- Which geographical location?
• Who is involved?
- Which portion of the network?
- Who is behind a private address or a ✱ in my traceroute?
- Who can I contact?
• What happens at the BGP level?
31. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 31
Let’s Use Traceroutes
• RIPE Atlas multi-source
traceroutes
• What about a visualisation?
- Complex model
- What is a node? (a single one!)
- Filtering/simplification needed (difficult!)
- Complex view
- Precomputing from Traceroute to Graph (no
operators are willing to do it…daily)
- Static snapshot…still a lot of work and not
so useful
wow
so multi
much text
33. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 33
What’s New: TraceMON
• TraceMON is a web application for
visualising (multi-source) traceroutes
• Infers network topology and
characteristics of the various network
components involved
• Aggregates data from many data
sources, providing one-click access to:
- Resource holder contacts, latency, whois, BGP
visibility, IP geolocation, IXP detection, reverse DNS
lookup …
34. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 34
Latency Chart and Time Navigation
39. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 39
And Of Course….Replay History
40. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 40
TraceMON is Open
•Open Source
- https://github.com/RIPE-NCC/tracemon
•Open research topics
- Network simplification
- Network characterisation
- Visualisation
•Open to other datasets
- Traceroute datasets (including private ones)
- Enrichment datasets (also experimental)
41. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 41
Upcoming Features
• Autonomous System grouping
- And a more flexible grouping in general
• Real-time monitoring
• Alias resolution
- To detect multiple interfaces of the same node
• Path colouring
- More flexible path colouring e.g. which part of the graph is local network and
which is the network of the target? User-defined colouring?
• Anomalies detection
• Auto filtering
- To automatically highlight the traceroute variations that are considered
"interesting" based on historic behaviours
44. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 44
Get Involved!
• Use RIPE Atlas for your operations: monitoring,
troubleshooting, measuring
- Get 1 Million credits by entering this voucher: SANOG30
- https://atlas.ripe.net/user/credits/#!redeem
• Do scientific research
• Add multilingual content.
• Become an ambassador or a sponsor
• Host a RIPE Atlas probe or an Anchor
45. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 45
Contribute to Tools and Code
• CLI tools
- Write a patch: https://github.com/RIPE-NCC/ripe-atlas-
tools/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.rst
- Use in your syllabus
• OpenIPMap
- Add more data: https://marmot.ripe.net/openipmap/
- Modify, reuse and improve the code:
https://github.com/RIPE-Atlas-Community/openipmap
• Add a link to your software on GitHub:
- https://github.com/RIPE-Atlas-Community/ripe-atlas-community-
contrib/blob/master/README.md
46. 26th February 2018 | APRICOT 2018 | Kathmandu 46
Hackathons
• Results of IXP Tools
Hackathon in Madrid
• RIPE NCC DNS
Measurements
Hackathon
• Next Hackathon in
October/November:
Stay tuned!