This document provides an overview of technologies for high efficiency silicon solar cells. It discusses surface passivation, anti-reflection coating, surface texturing, multi-junction solar cells, and interdigitated back contact solar cells as typical technologies to improve efficiency. The document aims to reduce surface recombination of electrons and holes and light absorption losses on the front surface of silicon solar cells.

1. Review of Technologies for High
Efficiency Silicon Solar Cell
Presented by
Dinesh Kumar
PhD. Student
Regd No: D22182

2. Contents
Introduction
Overview of high efficiency solar cells
Typical Technologies
Surface Passivation
Conventional Technologies
Advanced structures of solar cell
Conclusion
References

3. Introduction
 Solar power, an emerging representative of sustainable resources, remains a critical solution to
the growing requirement for energy.
 Over the past few decades, the energy consumption caused by the economic growth around the
world has reached an unprecedented level.
 To cope with such situations, clean alternative energy sources are being popularized worldwide.
 Since the first-generation solar cells, silicon solar cells, particularly crystalline silicon (c-Si)
solar cells, still dominate the PV industry.
 However, many factors constrain their efficiency to a great extent, including the surface
recombination of photo generated electrons and holes and the reduction of light absorption on the
front surface.

4. Overview of high efficiency solar cells
 The overview of high-efficiency silicon solar cells’ typical technologies, including
surface passivation, anti-reflection coating, surface texturing, multi-junction solar
cell, and interdigitated back contact solar cell.
 The photons absorbed by solar cells, those with energy greater than the width of
the semiconductor bandgap can excite valence electrons of the atoms in the
semiconductor.
 This process will also leave corresponding holes in the P region, space charge
region, and N region simultaneously.
 The electron-hole pairs produced in the space charge region are immediately
separated by the built-in electric field.
 A solar cell’s efficiency is determined as the ratio of the output energy from the
solar cell (the energy converted to electricity) to the incident energy from the sun

5. Typical Technologies

6. Surface Passivation