Its a resume of english grammar of interchange fourth edition level 3 since chapter 1 to chapter 8. This document is realized with LibreOffice 5

1. 1
CMMS – JEE7
CLSM
|| Autor:
2015
English
Carlos Sigua
Resume Grammar Focus

2. 2
CONTENIDOS
Chapter 1 ............................................................2
1Grammar Focus............................................2
Relative pronouns......................................2
It clauses + adverbial clauses with when...2
Chapter 2.............................................................3
1Grammar Focus............................................3
Gerund Phrases.........................................3
Comparisons..............................................3
Chapter 3.............................................................3
1Grammar Focus............................................3
Request with modals, if clauses, and
gerunds......................................................3
Indirect Requests.......................................4
Chapter 4.............................................................4
1Grammar Focus............................................4
Past continuous vs. simple past.................4
Past perfect................................................4
Chapter 5.............................................................5
1Grammar Focus............................................5
Noun phrases containing relative clauses.5
Expectations..............................................5
Chapter 6.............................................................5
1Grammar Focus............................................5
Describing problems 1...............................5
Describing problems 2...............................5
chapter 7.............................................................6
1Grammar Focus............................................6
Passive with prepositions..........................6
Infinitive clauses and phrases....................6
Chapter 8.............................................................6
1Grammar Focus............................................6
Would rather and would prefer................6
By + gerund to describe how to do things.6
CHAPTER 1
1 GRAMMAR FOCUS
RELATIVE PRONOUNS
As the subject of a clause
I like guys who/that aren't too serious
I like guys who/that have a good sense of humor.
As the object of clause
I'd prefer someone (who/that) I have fun with
I'd prefer someone (who/that) I can talk to easily.
IT CLAUSES + ADVERBIAL CLAUSES WITH WHEN
I like it when a teacher is helpful and supportive.
I don't mind it when a friend visits without calling me first.
I can't stand it when a child screams in a restaurant.
It makes me happy when people do nice things for no reason.
It bothers me when my doctor arrives late for an appointment.
It upsets me when a close friend forgets my birthday.
CMMS – JEE7
CLSM

3. 3
CHAPTER 2
1 GRAMMAR FOCUS
GERUND PHRASES
Gerund phrases as subjects
Being a flight attendant sounds exciting
Designing clothes is not a man's job.
Working as a veterinarian could be rewarding.
Directing a TV show would be interesting
Gerund phrases as objects
He'd love being a flight attendant .
He wouldn't like being a fashion designer.
She'd enjoy working with animals.
She'd be good at directing a TV show.
COMPARISONS
With adjectives
… is more/less interesting than ...
… is harder than …
… is not as hard than ...
With verbs
… earns more/less than …
… earns as much as …
… doesn't earn as much as…
With nouns
… has better/worse hours than...
… has more education than …
… isn't as much work as …
with past participles
… is better paid than …
… is as well paid as …
… isn't as well paid as ...
CHAPTER 3
1 GRAMMAR FOCUS
REQUEST WITH MODALS, IF CLAUSES, AND GERUNDS
Can I borrow your pen, please?
Could you lend me a jacket, please?
Is it OK if I use your phone?
Do you mind if I use your laptop for a minute?
Would it be all right if I compared our homework?
Would you mind if I borrowed your new camera?
Would you mind babysitting my kids on Saturday night?
I was wondering if I could borrow some money.
CMMS – JEE7
CLSM

4. 4
INDIRECT REQUESTS
Statements
Jeff, Tony is having a party. →
Imperatives
Jeff, don't be late. →
Yes/No questions
Sofia, are you free on Friday? →
Sofia, do you have my number? →
Why questions
Jeff, when does the party start? →
Sofia, what time should I pick you up? →
Indirect requests introduced by that
Could you tell Jeff (that) Tony is having a party?
Indirect requests using infinitives
Could you tell Jeff not to be late?
Indirect requests introduced by if or whether
Could you ask Sofia if she's free on Friday?
Could you ask Sofia whether or not she has my number?
Indirect requests introduced by a question word
Could you ask Jeff when the party starts?
Could you ask Sofia what time I should pick her up?
CHAPTER 4
1 GRAMMAR FOCUS
PAST CONTINUOUS VS. SIMPLE PAST
Use the past continuous for an ongoing action in the past.
Use the simple past for an event that interrupts that action.
Past continuous
While he was escaping from the bank,
As Jake was running toward the ball,
The Planets were performing a song
Simple Past
the robber got caught in the revolving door.
he tripped and kicked it into the wrong goal.
when the lights went out.
PAST PERFECT
Use the past perfect for an event that occurred before another event in the past.
Past event
I was working out,
When I came back,
They were able to steal it
Past perfect event
and I had put my stuff in my locker.
someone had stolen my wallet.
Because I had forgotten to lock the locker.
CMMS – JEE7
CLSM

5. 5
CHAPTER 5
1 GRAMMAR FOCUS
NOUN PHRASES CONTAINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
One thing (that) I'd really miss is my mom's cooking.
Something (that) I'd be nervous about is
communicating in a new language.
Two people (who/that) I'd call every week are my
parents.
My mom's cooking is one thing (that) I'd really miss.
Communicating in a new language is something(that)
I'd be nervous about.
My parents are two people(who/that) I'd call every
week.
EXPECTATIONS
When you visit someone,
if you want to bring someone,
it's the custom to bring a small gift.
you aren't supposed to arrive early.
you're expected to call first and ask.
you're supposed to check with the host.
it's not acceptable to arrive without calling first.
CHAPTER 6
1 GRAMMAR FOCUS
DESCRIBING PROBLEMS 1
With past participles as adjectives
The jacket lining is torn.
The tabletop is damaged.
That vase is chipped.
My pants are stained.
Her sunglasses are a little scratched.
The sink is leaking.
With nouns
It has a tear in it./There's a hole in it.
There is some damage on the top.
There is a chip in it.
They have a stain on them.
These are a few scratches on them.
It has a leak.
***Exception is leaking is a present continous form.
DESCRIBING PROBLEMS 2
Needs + gerund
The oven needs adjusting.
The alarm needs fixing.
Needs + passive infinitive
It needs to be adjusted
It needs to be fixed.
Keep + gerund
Everything keeps burning.
The alarm keeps going off.
CMMS – JEE7
CLSM

6. 6
CHAPTER 7
1 GRAMMAR FOCUS
PASSIVE WITH PREPOSITIONS
Present continuous passive
The air is being polluted by fumes from cars and trucks.
City streets are being damaged as a result of heavy traffic.
Potholes aren't being repaired due to a lack of funding.
Present perfect passive
Many parks have been lost through overbuilding.
The homeless have been displaced because of overcrowding in city shelters.
INFINITIVE CLAUSES AND PHRASES
One way to change things is to talk to the company's management.
Another way to stop them is to get a TV station to run a story.
The best way to fight cancer are to do more research and educate people.
CHAPTER 8
1 GRAMMAR FOCUS
WOULD RATHER AND WOULD PREFER
Would rather takes the base form of the verb. Would you prefer usually takes an infinitive. Both are followed
by not int the negative.`x
Would you rather take a business or communications class?
I'd rather take a communications class.
I'd rather no take either.
I'd rather take another course than study business or
communications.
Would you prefer to study business or communications?
I'd prefer to study business. I'd prefer not to study either.
Let's join a club.
I'd rather not join a club.
I'd rather not.
I'd prefer not to join a club.
I'd prefer not to.
BY + GERUND TO DESCRIBE HOW TO DO THINGS
You could improve your accent by listening to language CDs.
I learn new words best by writing them on pieces of paper and sticking them on things.
The best way to learn slang is not by watching the news but by watching movies.
CMMS – JEE7
CLSM

7. 6
CHAPTER 7
1 GRAMMAR FOCUS
PASSIVE WITH PREPOSITIONS
Present continuous passive
The air is being polluted by fumes from cars and trucks.
City streets are being damaged as a result of heavy traffic.
Potholes aren't being repaired due to a lack of funding.
Present perfect passive
Many parks have been lost through overbuilding.
The homeless have been displaced because of overcrowding in city shelters.
INFINITIVE CLAUSES AND PHRASES
One way to change things is to talk to the company's management.
Another way to stop them is to get a TV station to run a story.
The best way to fight cancer are to do more research and educate people.
CHAPTER 8
1 GRAMMAR FOCUS
WOULD RATHER AND WOULD PREFER
Would rather takes the base form of the verb. Would you prefer usually takes an infinitive. Both are followed
by not int the negative.`x
Would you rather take a business or communications class?
I'd rather take a communications class.
I'd rather no take either.
I'd rather take another course than study business or
communications.
Would you prefer to study business or communications?
I'd prefer to study business. I'd prefer not to study either.
Let's join a club.
I'd rather not join a club.
I'd rather not.
I'd prefer not to join a club.
I'd prefer not to.
BY + GERUND TO DESCRIBE HOW TO DO THINGS
You could improve your accent by listening to language CDs.
I learn new words best by writing them on pieces of paper and sticking them on things.
The best way to learn slang is not by watching the news but by watching movies.
CMMS – JEE7
CLSM