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This document discusses tools and techniques of recombinant DNA technology, including restriction enzymes and gel electrophoresis. Restriction enzymes are naturally found in bacteria where they help the bacteria defend against bacteriophages by cutting the viral DNA. These enzymes cut DNA at specific palindromic sequences. Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments by size as fragments will migrate through an agarose gel at different rates in an electric field based on their size. Fragments can then be visualized under UV light after staining with ethidium bromide.
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(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
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हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
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Restriction Enzymes full content
- 1. TOOLS OF RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY How do scientists create a fully functional new DNA from two separate fragments, how do they create fragments? and, choose the genes in new DNA of their choice when they can’t even see it? Today you’ll know…!
- 3. RESTRICTION ENZYMES: ENDONUCLEASES (CUT THE DNA AT ANY SITE BETWEEN THEM) , AND EXONUCLEASES (CUT THE ENDS OF DNA FRAGMENTS)…
- 4. HOW DO SCIENTISTS MAKE RESTRICTION ENZYMES FIRST OF ALL??? ANSWER: THEY DIDN’T MAKE IT, IT WAS DISCOVERED FROM BACTERIA: E.COLI, IT’S NATURALLY FOUND IN THEM…
- 5. • NOW YOU’D ASK…. WHY BACTERIA NEED THESE ENZYMES!! THEY CAN’T MAKE ANY GMO’S… THEY’RE NOT BIOTECHNOLOGISTS!!! • THIS ENZYMES MAKE THEM IMMUNE TO BACTERIOPHAGE… A VIRUS, WHO IS PATHOGENIC TO THEM
- 6. •These are also called molecular scissors
- 7. Restriction enzymes recognise only palindromic sequences… Example of palindrome: 1. LOL 2.MOM 3.Borrow or rob 4. Murder for a jar of red rum
- 17. 1.It used to separate fragments obtained by gel electrophoresis 2. DNA is negatively charge, so in an electric field, they move from cathode to anode 3. But their size determines the distance till which they pass through 3. A matrix is filled in the gel electrophoresis system, through which the fragments pass 4. This medium is most commonly agarose 5. Thus the gel in gel electrophoresis stands for this agarose gel (or if any other medium is used, then that) 6. Fragments are stained using ethidium bromide, by which, we can locate these elctrophoresed fragment in UV light; they’ll show bright orange coloured strands. 7. ELUTION: extraction of DNA from gel after electrophoresis
- 20. HERE ARE SOME PRACTISE QUESTIONS FOR YOU…
- 25. NOW… CAN YOU ANSWER SOME QUESTIONS ON TODAY’S TOPIC???
- 30. Q.7 __________ JOINS DNA SEGMENTS? Q.8 DNA HAS A _____________CHARGE? Q.9 STICKY ENDS HELP IN FUNCTIONING OF ___________ ENZYME Q.10 RESTRICTION ENZYMES SHOULD NOT HAVE MORE THAN ONE SITE OF ACTION IN THE CLONING SITE OF A VECTOR. COMMENT.
- 31. • Enzymes that remove nucleotides one at a time from the end of a DNA molecule are called ____________ a) Ligases b) Exonucleases c) Endonucleases d) Modifying enzymes • Host controlled restriction is a phenomenon related to ________ a) Bacteria b) Virus c) Plasmid d) Gene of interest
- 32. • The restriction endonuclease AluI is isolated from which microbe? a) Proteus Vulgaris b) Staphylococcus Aureus c) Arthrobacter Luteus d) Haemophilus Influenzae • Which type of restriction endonucleases is used most in genetic engineering? a) Type I b) Type II c) Type III d) Type IV
- 33. THANK YOU…