Respond constructively to peers... (agree, disagree, give input on what is being said) Part 1 They say that the category of middle age will start later and will last longer than before; due to the longevity the age groups are stretched out further. Life expectancy of older adults has increased significantly (about 30 years) due to improved medical treatment, lifestyle changes and a better diet with exercise. Along with progresses in health, the explanation for the growing older adult population is due to the substantial reduction of infant deaths from recent decades (Santrock, 2012).             A myth that deals with aging seems to be the older you get the sicker you become. Some who have become centenarians exposed that regardless of their physical limits they still have worthy cognitive health. Society may also think that the ‘oldest-old’, or those who are 85+, and the young-old, those between the ages of 65-84 years, differentiate in cognitive and physical functioning. Stereotypes like the oldest-old have a decreased ability to function rather than a young-old individual being more physically or cognitive active. It all depends on the individual because the age description could be chronological, biological, psychological or social; so an 85 year old may be more biologically and psychologically fit than a 65 year old (Santrock, 2012). Those who are physically healthy can stimulate better memory function, so someone who is active at 80 can have better neurological function than someone who is 65-70. Older adults may also refuse to retire early (around the age of 65), the majority will work as much as possible. Individuals older than 65 are still out in the workforce due to the fear of not having sufficient funds to support them during their retirement; there are more full time positions being filled by older adults than part-time positions. It’s also much easier for them to find work that will ease them out of the workforce, something not too strenuous, but enough to keep going. Working simple jobs will also increase intellectual functioning and a lower rate of death due to poverty. Studies show that poverty is associated with decreased levels of mental and physical health functions in older adults, which leads to lower socioeconomic status because of increased physical and mental health problems. In all, a cognitively stimulating work context promotes successful aging (Santrock, 2012). Part 2 The dual-process model of coping with bereavement contains loss-oriented stressors and restoration-oriented stressors. Loss-oriented stressors include the positive and negative reviews of dying; negatively being that the person is dearly missed when the positive could include that the deceased isn’t suffering any longer. With restoration-oriented stressors, that deals with indirect outcomes of bereavement such as a change in marital status and mastering skills (Santrok, 2012). Multiple variations around the world involve the.

1. Respond constructively to peers... (agree, disagree, give input
on what is being said)
Part 1
They say that the category of middle age will start later and will
last longer than before; due to the longevity the age groups are
stretched out further. Life expectancy of older adults has
increased significantly (about 30 years) due to improved
medical treatment, lifestyle changes and a better diet with
exercise. Along with progresses in health, the explanation for
the growing older adult population is due to the substantial
reduction of infant deaths from recent decades (Santrock, 2012).
A myth that deals with aging seems to be the older you
get the sicker you become. Some who have become centenarians
exposed that regardless of their physical limits they still have
worthy cognitive health. Society may also think that the ‘oldest-
old’, or those who are 85+, and the young-old, those between
the ages of 65-84 years, differentiate in cognitive and physical
functioning. Stereotypes like the oldest-old have a decreased
ability to function rather than a young-old individual being
more physically or cognitive active. It all depends on the
individual because the age description could be chronological,
biological, psychological or social; so an 85 year old may be
more biologically and psychologically fit than a 65 year old
(Santrock, 2012). Those who are physically healthy can
stimulate better memory function, so someone who is active at

2. 80 can have better neurological function than someone who is
65-70. Older adults may also refuse to retire early (around the
age of 65), the majority will work as much as possible.
Individuals older than 65 are still out in the workforce due to
the fear of not having sufficient funds to support them during
their retirement; there are more full time positions being filled
by older adults than part-time positions. It’s also much easier
for them to find work that will ease them out of the workforce,
something not too strenuous, but enough to keep going.
Working simple jobs will also increase intellectual functioning
and a lower rate of death due to poverty. Studies show that
poverty is associated with decreased levels of mental and
physical health functions in older adults, which leads to lower
socioeconomic status because of increased physical and mental
health problems. In all, a cognitively stimulating work context
promotes successful aging (Santrock, 2012).
Part 2
The dual-process model of coping with bereavement contains
loss-oriented stressors and restoration-oriented stressors. Loss-

3. oriented stressors include the positive and negative reviews of
dying; negatively being that the person is dearly missed when
the positive could include that the deceased isn’t suffering any
longer. With restoration-oriented stressors, that deals with
indirect outcomes of bereavement such as a change in marital
status and mastering skills (Santrok, 2012). Multiple variations
around the world involve the bonds between the deceased and
those who are still living. Those of non-western cultures
continue the bonds of the deceased by rituals, though those of
Hopi culture will soon forget about the deceased and carry on
with their lives. In Egypt, they will dwell on the death by
mourning, but those in Bali will be joyful and celebrate as
remembrance.
Kübler-Ross’ five stages of dying include:
Denial and isolation- the dying individual denies or cannot
grasp the fact that death is going to take place.
Anger-the dying individual now realized that denial is far gone,
resentment and envy comes along knowing that death will
occur. The person becomes angry at those around them like
their loved ones, caretakers and even God; a common question
may be “Why me”
Bargaining- After the first and second stage comes the stage of
bargaining where they may develop hope and will negotiate
anything to try and stop or slow the process of dying. They will

4. try to turn their life around, reform, and act like a pure angel or
be on the “good side” of God.
Depression- Depression goes hand in hand with accepting the
fact death will occur, but grief will appear. They will be
incoherent from others and the activities they’ve once loved and
cherished.
Acceptance- Acceptance is just as it seems. The dying person
will develop a sense of peace to move on accept that death will
occur at this time. Their feelings of pain and low emotions may
disappear.
Not all stages will come in order but parents of children may
take death harder than those of younger age grieving a
grandparent. It’s like a child is not supposed to die due to the
short lifespan they have subsisted. A grandmother or father has
lived numerous decades, therefore it wouldn’t be surprising if
they passed on. Adolescents may have friends or close relatives
that have passed on and they would take it hard, due to the
closeness of the relationship. They will handle the stages of
death differently than they would if they were older or an older
relative dies. Older adults might take death a little easier than
most because they know that this time must come. They realize
that we cannot turn down death if we wanted to, so they have a
better mindset when grieving.
As an example, my parents are both of old age (father turned 65

5. Dec. 1st and mother will be 60 Jan. 1st). I have 3 older brothers
that are all in the mid 30’s. Within 10-20 years, I believe even
though they would God forbid grieve upon bereavement, they
would take it much better than me due to the fact that I’m only
21 now but will be in my 30’s-40’s.
cultures.
STUDENT 2
Part 1
Some of the things that might change because of the
increasingly life expectancy and a growing older population
would be lower fertility because in older adult it is harder to be
fertile at an old age. There will be less babies being born. So
for a time frame there will be more people living than being
born. There would possibly be a change in the age of retiring.
Since the life expectancy has gone up, there will possibly be a
increase on the age of retiring. There will be driving laws to
assist the older people still living that are still driving.
Medicines and cures will get stronger because they see that the
medicine everyone is receiving is keeping them going for a
mighty long time. There might be more nutritious foods sold
around the world more than fast food because of the increase in
the population’s life span.
Some of the myths that deal with physical and
psychological during aging are sexuality. It decreases as you get
older, but the feeling doesn’t disappear completely. Sexual
performance usually decreases in males more than females.
Older adults may express their sexuality differently than

6. younger adults, especially enjoying touching and caressing in
their sexual relationship when sexual intercourse becomes
difficult (Santrock, 2012). Hearing and vision decreases around
the age of 75 (Santrock, 2012). The brain shrinks and slows
down. It becomes harder to remember even the easiest things.
The body is more open to catching diseases and illnesses
because the immune system is not as strong as it was when you
were 25 years old. In the leisure time and the workplace it is
good for an old age adult to have and show social support. It
depends on their physical and mental health that you will see
this support. It is linked with a reduction in symptoms of
disease, with the ability to meet one's own health care needs,
and reduced mortality. A higher level of social support also is
related to a lower probability of an older adult being
institutionalized and depressed. The older adults who
experienced a higher level of social support showed later
cognitive decline than their counterparts with a lower level of
social support (Santrock, 2012).
I believe that people who are 65 years old or older still
working means that they still have function of their brain, still
at a moderate level for work. Working at a older age keeps your
cognitive skills still active and keeps your brain working at full
capacity. The more you use these skills the longer you keep
them in your memory. Socially you might have something in
common with a fellow employee who might be younger than
you. Share stories and family history with them. Older age
adults can only bring positivity to the workplace and maybe
some stubbornness with it. Older people are looking for
other jobs instead of retiring because they feel still have a lot of
life in them and can help out any organization with their skills.
Just volunteering every once in awhile is a job and a joy for
them. It keeps them from being stuck in their home all day, not
that there’s anything wrong with that at all, but some older

7. people have a little bit more energy than others and that’s why
they say no to retirement.
Part 2
The dual-process model is a model of coping with
bereavement that emphasizes oscillation between two
dimensions: (1) loss oriented stressors, and (2) restoration-
oriented stressors (Santrock, 2012). Loss-oriented stressors
focus on the deceased individual and can include grief work and
both positive and negative reappraisals of the loss. A positive
reappraisal of the loss might include acknowledging that death
brought relief at the end of suffering, whereas a negative
reappraisal might involve yearning for the loved one and
ruminating about the death. Restoration-oriented stressors
involve the secondary stressors that emerge as indirect
outcomes of bereavement. They can include a changing identity
(such as from “wife” to “widow”) (Santrock, 2012). This is the
time where they try to figure what is left for me o live for and
what is their purpose now. Some cultures deal with grief in
different ways. People can be very hurt by their love one’s
death. They can be in a state of shock for the rest of their lives
and be a shell of themselves. Another way is laughing and being
joyful of the precious life they lived, it still hurts that you lost
them but you have to think of the good memories to get past it.
A different way of coping is accepting and knowing that they
now are in a better place. Life still needs to go on because that
is what the love one would want everyone to do. Life your life
and enjoy every second of it.

8. The Kübler-Ross stages of dying consist of five stages.
Denial and isolation is when the dying person denies that she or
he is really going to die. Anger is when the dying person’s
denial gives away to anger, resentment, rage, and envy.
Bargaining is when the dying person develops the hope that
death can somehow be postponed. Depression is when the dying
person comes to accept the certainty of her or his death. Finally,
the last stage is acceptance. Acceptance is when the dying
person develops a sense of peace, an acceptance of his or her
fate, and in many cases, a desire to be left alone (Santock,
2012). An adolescent would treat death in a way of depression
because they have not lived their full life. An adult would be in
denial and isolation because they don’t feel like it is their time
yet. Then there will be anger and depression. Then finally just
acceptance is all that can be done at this point in time; there
will also be bargaining to live a better life, if kept alive. An
older person would just have acceptance because they feel that
their has been fulfilled with living for as long as they have.