Here are potential questions for a guest speaker researcher: Q1. What characteristics do you consider most important for proper research? Q2. As a researcher, what problems do you commonly encounter and how do you address them? Q3. Through your research projects, what skills have you found most valuable to develop? Q4. How do you ensure your research methods and results are reliable and valid? What steps do you take to determine the resources needed for a new project? Q5. In your experience, what aspects of being a researcher have been most challenging and least challenging?

1. Research Method
Psychology Subject

2. Week 3
Casual Observation vs Research Observation

3. 1
Casual Observation:
1. Every students smile at each other
2. Looking camera and screen
Research observation:
1. AAA drinking water x2 and adjust her hair x2
2. BBB smile more than x5
3. CCC looking down more than x5
4. DDD adjust her hair more than x2
5. EEE cover his lips by his hand
6. FFF look serious and jot down note
7. GGG didn’t open camera
8. HHH didn’t open camere
9. III observing very serious

4. 2
Casual observation
● most of the classmates were in front of the camera
● wearing casual clothes
● showing head and shoulders
Research observation
● some in the living room and some in the study room
● some were busy; some were waiting
● some were drinking water; some were chatting with others
● showing different facial expressions

5. 3
Casual Observation Research Observation
AAA - On the phone, hand supporting head Bored
BBB - Looking down On her phone
CCC - Talking, Look to her left, touching hair, wave hand Energetic
DDD - Smiling, Frowning Expressive
EEE - Hand supporting head Bored/Focus
FFF - Touch ear Focus
GGG - Walk, Wave hand Energetic

6. 4
Casual Observation
- Some student smile and
observe everyone
- Some student say hello
- Some student looks serious
Research Observation
- AAA keep smiling
- BBB move her head
- CCC look serious
- DDD look boring and serious
- EEE keep look at the camera
- FFF observe others student
seriously
- GGG enjoy her water

7. 5
Casual Observation
Research
Observation
1. Everyone is doing their observation very seriously.
2. Most of the students are taking notes.
1. AAA: seriously observing, jotting down
2. BBB: enjoying her view, observing, thinking, touched
her hair
3. CCC: keep looking around, talked to
someone/something, touched her nose XD
4. DDD: looking down at her phone, smiled, seriously
observing
5. EEE: seriously observing, cover his lips with his
hand
6. FFF: seriously observing, taking notes
7. GGG: looked up when thinking, looks confused,
observing

8. 6
Casual Observation
1. Every student waving ‘Hi’
towards each other.
2. Some student smiled.
3. Most of them are
observing seriously.
Research Observation
1. AAA - Talking (Not sure alone or to
someone), Touching her hair.
2. BBB - Looking down, smile at her
phone, Observing for a while.
3. CCC - Seriously Observing at
everyone and taking notes.
4. DDD- Drinking water and enjoying
her house view.
5. EEE- Observing seriously
6. FFF - Keep on observing,not sure if
he’s bored or focusing.
7. GGG - Observing seriously and touch
her ears.

9. 7
Casual observation :
● most of the students were in front of camera
● They wore casual shirt
Research observation:
● They are in their room
● Most of them drinking coffee
● some of them talk to someone,
● some of them listen to music,
● AAA smiled once, while wearing glasses
● BBB looks so focus,and his face was so serious
● CCC was busy with her phone

10. 8
Casual observation
1. Most of us switched on our webcam to observe each other.
2. We greeted each other with a smile
Research observation
1) AAA was having a conversation with someone in her surroundings throughout this
observation.
2) I noticed that BBB and CCC were on their phone from time to time. It may be an assumption
but they seem to be chatting with each other based on my perspective.
3) DDD appears to be taking down notes during that period of time.
4) EEE and FFF were focused on this observation as they were staring at their screen most of
the time.
5) GGG was smiling throughout the observation.

11. 9
Casual Observation:
● Students switched on their webcams and greeted each other
Research Observation:
● Most of them had a serious look and observing others
● Some were drinking coffee or water
● Some were looking at the phones
● Some were talking to others

12. Week 4
Characteristic of a good questionnaire
(Reliability and Validity)

13. 1
Reliability
- It focuses on the
consistency of the
research
- Measurements are
considered reliable if
same results can be
achieved by using same
methods under same
circumstances.
Validity
- It focuses on the accuracy
of the research
- The concept of validity is
that a test is valid if it
measures what is claims
to measure.

14. 2

15. 3
● The length of questionnaire should be proper one.
● The language used should be easy and simple.
● The term used are explained properly.
● The questions should be arranged in a proper way.
● The questions should be in logical manner.
● The questions should be in analytical form.
Construct validity: Does the test
measure the concept that it’s intended
to measure?
Content validity: Is the test fully
representative of what it aims to
measure?
Face validity: Does the content of the
test appear to be suitable to its aims?
Criterion validity: Do the results
correspond to a different test of the
same thing?

16. Questions for Guest Speaker
Researcher
Q1. What are the characteristic of proper research in your
opinion?
Q2. As a researcher, what is the most common problem
Q3. What research skills have you acquired after completing
one or more projects?
Q4. As a researcher, how do you ensure that your research is
reliable and valid? How do you determine what resources you
will need to initiate and complete a project?
Q5. What is the toughest and easiest part being a researcher?