Music videos are produced through a process involving pre-production planning, filming the production, and post-production editing. They serve purposes for both the record label and artist by promoting their work and image to audiences. Famous directors like Anthony Mandler work with top artists and are known for creative narratives in videos. Budgets vary significantly depending on the concept, from around $200,000-$500,000 on average, up to $10 million for major productions. Audiences now access music videos through television, online streaming, and on their mobile phones.

1. RESEARCH INTO THE MUSIC
VIDEO INDUSTRY
Context page
1. How are music videos made?
2. What is the purpose of a music video for the company and artist?
3. Famous music video directors.
4. How much money is usually invested into a music video?
5. How do audiences access music videos?

2. HOW ARE MUSIC VIDEOS MADE?
• These are other processes that may occur within the
production of a music video:
• The record label hires a professional production company
who will gather a team of staff that include manager,
director, director of photography etc.
• Meetings are arranged between the manager and artist
to discuss the visuals and the creative aspects of the
video.
• A budget is then devised by the manager (depending on
the scale of the video it can either be very costly or
cheap)
• Once the video is filmed it goes through post production
where scenes are edited.
General process of how music videos are
made:
1. Pre-production: This consists of research &
planning in preparation to start filming.
2. Production: Filming the music video
3. Post-production: Consists of editing and
finalising scenes , it also refers to marketing,
advertising & distributing the video

3. PURPOSE OF A MUSIC VIDEO
Production company:
• Promotes the company
to other artists.
• Expresses their skills and
creativity
• To receive income
• To create a visual for the
audience that would
enable them to
remember it which help
when selling tracks.
Artist:
• The main purpose of a video for an
artist is exposure to their audience
(which is specifically useful for a new
upcoming artist).
• Promotes the artist
• Sells the track
• Portray an image
A music video can serve the needs of both the production company and artist in different ways-
Audience:
• Entertainment
• Videos help audiences
understand the meaning
of a song.

4. FAMOUS MUSIC VIDEO DIRECTORS
Anthony Mandler- A professional music director that has worked with famous artists such as
Rihanna, Lana del ray, Beyoncé, Shakira, Nicki Minaj , Justin Bieber, Taylor swift etc.
One of his pieces that won many awards was
Rihanna unfaithful. It portrayed a narrative of
broken relationship which caused a lot of
controversy leading it to be successful. After
this piece Anthony Mandler began to work
closely with Rihanna in her more of her
productions such as “Disturbia” and
“Diamonds”.
Anthony Mandler is also a film director and his skill within film crosses over when creating music videos
as he is well known for constructing narratives within his videos as shown in Rihanna “Unfaithful” as well
as Taylor Swift “I knew you were trouble”.

5. HOW MUCH MONEY IS USUALLY
INVESTED IN A VIDEO?
Average studio music video budget: $200,000 –
$500,000 (2010)
Depending on the concept and scale of the music video
prices can drastically vary for example:
• Michael Jackson & Janet Jackson “Scream”:
$10,000,000
• Macklemore “Wings”: $18,269
Costs of a music video:
• Locations, Wardrobe, and Props
• Production Equipment
• The Cast and Crew
• Shoot Schedule
• Food
• Editing and Post-Production

6. HOW DO AUDIENCES ACCESS MUSIC VIDEOS?
• Television
• Online
• Mobile phone