This is presentation on the current trends, and research issues in the field of animations, computer graphics, and virtual world

1. Faculty Development Program
on
Research, Innovations, and Engineering In CS:
Issues and Approaches
18-23 July, 2016
Dr. Suma Dawn,
JIIT, Noida
Animations, Computer Games
& Virtual World: Issues and
Approaches
January 13, 20171

2. Illusion of Life
January 13, 2017
Applications ?

3. Research Topics
 Deformation modelling
 Cloth Simulation
January 13, 2017

4. Research Issues
 Deformation modelling
 Cloth Simulation
January 13, 2017
Representation
for curves and
surfaces;
Example
based shape
priors;
Incorporation
of texture
information;

5. Research Topics
 Deformation modelling
 Cloth Simulation
January 13, 2017

6. Research Issues
 Deformation modelling
 Cloth Simulation
January 13, 2017
Model – Mesh /
Mass-spring
Integration &
Collision
HandlingPosition
&
Velocity
Prediction
High-
Resolution ?

7. Research Topics
 Fluid Simulation
 Fire & Smoke Simulation
 Natural Phenomena Simulation – Snow
 Plant Movement
 Evolving artificial life
January 13, 2017

8. Research Issues
 Fluid Simulation
 Fire & Smoke Simulation
 Natural Phenomena Simulation – Snow
 Plant Movement
 Evolving artificial life
January 13, 2017
Representation
& Variables
Velocity &
pressure
considerations
Projection &
Optimizations
Hierarchy
non-
uniformity

9. Research Topics
 Fluid Simulation
 Fire & Smoke Simulation
 Natural Phenomena Simulation – Snow
 Plant Movement
 Evolving artificial life
January 13, 2017

10. Research Issues
 Fluid Simulation
 Fire & Smoke Simulation
 Natural Phenomena Simulation – Snow
 Plant Movement
 Evolving artificial life
January 13, 2017
Representation
& Variables
Ignition;
Spread Velocity
& Area
Interaction with
other elements
Intensity

11. Research Topics
 Fluid Simulation
 Fire & Smoke Simulation
 Natural Phenomena Simulation – Snow
 Plant Movement
 Evolving artificial life
January 13, 2017

12. Research Issues
 Fluid Simulation
 Fire & Smoke Simulation
 Natural Phenomena Simulation – Snow
 Plant Movement
 Evolving artificial life
January 13, 2017
Representation
& Variables &
Properties
Solid & Fluid like
dynamics
Rendering & deformation
gradients
Interaction

13. Research Topics
 Fluid Simulation
 Fire & Smoke Simulation
 Natural Phenomena Simulation – Snow
 Plant growth & movement
 Evolving artificial life
January 13, 2017

14. Research Issues
 Fluid Simulation
 Fire & Smoke Simulation
 Natural Phenomena Simulation – Snow
 Plant Movement
 Evolving artificial life
January 13, 2017
User
control
Realism
Rendering & deformation
gradients
Interaction

15. Research Topics
 Fluid Simulation
 Fire & Smoke Simulation
 Natural Phenomena Simulation – Snow
 Plant Movement
 Evolving artificial life
January 13, 2017

16. Research Issues
 Fluid Simulation
 Fire & Smoke Simulation
 Natural Phenomena Simulation – Snow
 Plant Movement
 Evolving artificial life
January 13, 2017
User
control
Realism
World
creation
Interaction

17. Research Topics
 Virtual Character
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017

18. Research Issues
 Virtual Characters – 2D & 3D
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017
Caricature
Creation
3D Models
Character
Rigging
Skin /
Texture

19. Research Topics
 Virtual Character
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017

20. Research Issues
 Caricature – 2D & 3D
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017
Skin /
Texture
Character
Rigging
3D Models
Registration /
Superimposition
Intense
Realism
Expression
Transmission
between
Avatars
Non-verbal
facial
expression
Exaggerated
expression

21. Research Topics
 Virtual Character
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017

22. Research Issues
 Virtual Character
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017
Markers /
Markerless
Representation
Optimality Speed Active
Contours

23. Research Topics
 Virtual Character
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017

24. Research Issues
 Virtual Character
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017
Occlusion
Raytracing
Depth Data
Shadow
Maps
Gesture Context
Recognition
conceptual
structuring and
vocabulary

25. Research Topics
 Virtual Character
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017

26. Research Issues
 Virtual Character
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017
automated camera
planning & motion
control
Ethical
issues??
Service
Rendering
Camera
Control
relationship between world
and screen locations of the
object;
Expressing
perceptual
qualities

27. Research Topics
 Virtual Character
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017

28. Research Issues
 Virtual Character
 Facial Animation & Emotion Depiction
 Motion & Performance Capture
 Image-based Animation
 Behaviour Controller
 Animation Interface
January 13, 2017
2D → 3D
adaptability
issues;
Representation of
objects
Teaching Life skills
to person with
special needs
Interface interaction –
graphics & placement

29. Research Areas in CGVW
 Education & Learning, Simulations, smart…..
 Media, Art, Culture, & History – creativity, aesthetics,
 Anthropological, Behaviour, Sociological – Work Vs. Play?,
socio-cultural-economic-political effects,…
 Computer System Technologies – processors, graphics
h/w & s/w, networking, databases, language design,
sensors, …
 Advanced Technologies – AI, Behaviour scripting, narrative
& emergent systems, content generation, world building,
…

30. Psychology – Emotional Modelling
 Joy
 Positive feedback, achieving instant peak, decreasing with time
 Fear
 Negative, gradual peak, happening mostly in safe environments
 Other feelings
 Success/failure, danger/safety, expectations, trust, surprise, disgust and
anticipation
 Diversity
 Two individuals never have the same emotional response (they need to be
randomised)
 Stereotypical animation
 Fear: rapid head motion, low posture, bulged eyes
 Happiness: smiling straightened body, slow and graceful movement

31. Behaviour
 Social Learning, relations, self-esteem and anxiety, Mood
modification, Tolerance, Withdrawal
 Academic performance and crime
 General Energy and arousal
 Cognitive model of aggression, Conflict
 Addiction
 Catharsis theory (experiencing depictions of violence in media can
reduce aggressive feelings)
 Cultivation & Stereotyped perception

32. Player Behaviour: Participants,
design, material, procedure,
 Decision trees- properties of player behavior, such as
reading texts, viewing pictures, or click rates in the game;
determine which player behavior corresponds to which
class of learning outcome.
 object–object and object–environment interactions
 Association rules

33. AI and Games

35. AI and Games
What is Game AI ??
Good AI Vs. Fun AI
How Game AI should be ?
Mainstream AI in Games....
• Search
• Planning & Production
• Pathfinding, Flocking
• Interaction (PC Vs. NPC)
Built-in Engines...

36. Multiplayer &
Massively Multiplayer

37. MMOGs
Connection Type of Multiplayer Games The
Network Architecture of MMOG

38. Multiplayer Ubiquitous Games
Properties:
 Proactive
 Social
 Ubiquitous
 Mobile

39. MMOG & MUG issues
 Scalability
 Playability (quality of gameplay)
 Network issues
 Network Resource Management;
 Cheating Issues;
 Interest Management;
 Player related issues – number of player,
speed of interaction, object interactions,
migration rate,…

40. Spatial immersion

41. Spatial Immersion Issues
 Spatial Presence
 holistic experience of flow
 Presence and Flow as Process Variables in Media Use
 Influence of Motivation and Immersive Tendency on Flow and
Presence
 Influence of Flow and Presence on Enjoyment and
Performance
 Expected Relationships

42. Centres of Research on Games & VE
 Centre for Computer Games Research – IT University of Copenhagen
 Digital Game Research Centre – North Carolina State University – Computational
Intelligence & Interactive Games Research (dgrc.ncsu.edu)
 Centre for Digital Games Research & Virtual Environment- UC Santa Barbara
(cdgr.ucsb.edu); recveb.ucsb.edu)
 Institute of Virtual Environments and Computer Games – University of California,
Irvine (ivecg.uci.edu)
 Centre for Simulation & VE Research – University of Cincinnati (ucsim.uc.edu/blog)
 Institute of Digital Games – University of Malta (www.game.edu.mt)
 Utrecht Centre for Game Research – Utrecht University
(www.uu.nl/en/research/game-research)
 Centre for Games and Music Technology Research – Bournemouth University
(research.bournemouth.ac.uk)
 DiVE – Duke immersive VE (virtualreality.duke.edu)
 Living Environment Laboratory – Wisconsin (wid.wisc.edu/research/)
 Centre for Visualization & VE - University of Kentucky (vis.uky.edu)
 Oak Ridge National Laboratory – Visualization & Virtual Environment Research
(web.ornl.gov/info/ornl review/v3)n3-4/visual.htm)
January 13, 201742

43. Publications
January 13, 201743
 Game Studies: The International Journal of Computer Game
Research (Supported by Swedish Research Council, Lund
University, IT University of Copenhagen) (Online)
 International Journal of Computer Games Technology
(Hindawi)
 Computer Games Journal (Springer)
 Games & Culture (Sage Publications)
 Journal of Game Design and Development Education
(Rochester Institute of Technology)
 International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated
Simulations
 ELUDAMOS: Journal for Computer Game Culture (Online)
 Computer Game Education Review (Online)
 Journal of Virtual Worlds Research (Online)
 Simulation & Gaming: An International Journal of Theory,
Practice and Research
 Interactive Learning Environments
 Presence: Tele-operators and Virtual Environments
 Proceedings of the game developer conference
 NetGames: Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on
Network and System Support for Games
 Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication
 Journal of Creative Technologies
 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games
 ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Computer Animation
 Computer Animation & Virtual Worlds (Wiley Online
Library)
 Animation (Sage Publication)
 ACM Transactions on Graphics (Proceedings of
SIGGRAPH)
 ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern
Recognition (CVPR)
 Indian Conference on Vision, Graphics and Image
Processing (ICGVIP)
 Computer Graphics Forum / Proceedings of the Euro-
graphics Conference,
 Computer Vision and Image Understanding
 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern
Recognition
 International Journal of Computer Vision
 SPIE- IS&T Electronic Imaging
 Annual conference on Computer graphics and
interactive techniques
 IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine
Intelligence
 IEEE/Eurographics Symposium on Point-Based
Graphics
 Computer Aided Geometry
 Journal of Scientific Computing

44. A Big
thankyou
January 13,
2017
44