3. What is the female
reproductive system?
The female reproductive system is the body parts
that help women or people assigned female at birth
(AFAB):
Have sexual intercourse.
Reproduce.
• Menstruate.
4. What are the parts of the female reproductive
system?
5. What are the parts of the female reproductive
system?
Vagina: Your vagina is a muscular canal
that joins the cervix (the lower part of
uterus) to the outside of the body. It can
widen to accommodate a baby during
delivery and then shrink back. It’s lined
with mucous membranes that help keep
it moist.
6. What are the parts of the female reproductive
system?
Cervix: Your cervix is the lowest
part of your uterus. A hole in the
middle allows sperm to enter and
menstrual blood to exit. Your
cervix opens (dilates) to allow a
baby to come out during
a vaginal childbirth.
7. What are the parts of the female reproductive
system?
Uterus: Your uterus is a hollow,
pear-shaped organ that holds a
fetus during pregnancy. Your
uterus is divided into two parts: the
cervix and the corpus. Your corpus
is the larger part of your uterus
that expands during pregnancy.
8. What are the parts of the female reproductive
system?
Ovaries: Ovaries are
small, oval-shaped
glands that are located on
either side of your uterus.
Your ovaries produce
eggs and hormones.
9. What are the parts of the female reproductive
system?
Fallopian tubes: These are narrow
tubes that are attached to the upper
part of your uterus and serve as
pathways for your egg (ovum) to
travel from your ovaries to your
uterus. Fertilization of an egg by
sperm normally occurs in the fallopian
tubes. The fertilized egg then moves
to the uterus, where it implants into
your uterine lining.
10. What are the functions of the female reproductive
system?
11. What are the functions of the female reproductive
system?
The female reproductive system
provides several functions. In
addition to allowing a person to
have sexual intercourse, it also
helps a person reproduce.
12. What are the functions of the female reproductive
system?
13. What are the functions of the female reproductive
system?
Your ovaries produce eggs. These eggs
are then transported to your fallopian tube
during ovulation where fertilization by a
sperm may occur. The fertilized egg then
moves to your uterus, where the uterine
lining has thickened in response to the
normal hormones of your menstrual cycle
(also called your reproductive cycle).
14. What are the functions of the female reproductive
system?
Once in your uterus, the fertilized egg can implant into the
thickened uterine lining and continue to develop. If
implantation doesn’t take place, the uterine lining is shed as
your menstrual period. In addition, the female reproductive
system produces sex hormones that maintain your menstrual
cycle.
16. What happens during the menstrual cycle?
Women of reproductive age
(beginning anywhere from 11 to
16 years of age) experience
cycles of hormonal activity that
repeat at about one-month
intervals. With every cycle, your
body prepares for a potential
pregnancy, whether or not that’s
your intention.
17. What happens during the menstrual cycle?
The term menstruation refers to
the periodic shedding of your
uterine lining when pregnancy
doesn’t occur that cycle. Many
people call the days that they
notice vaginal bleeding their
“period.” The average menstrual
cycle takes about 28 days.
18. What happens during the menstrual cycle?
The term menstruation refers to
the periodic shedding of your
uterine lining when pregnancy
doesn’t occur that cycle. Many
people call the days that they
notice vaginal bleeding their
“period.” The average menstrual
cycle takes about 28 days.
19. How many eggs does a woman have?
You’re born with all the eggs you’ll ever
produce. During fetal development, you
have about 6 million eggs. At birth, there
are approximately 1 million eggs left. By
the time you reach puberty, only about
300,000 remain. The number of eggs you
have continues to decline as you age and
menstruate each cycle.
21. How does reproduction work?
In humans, female and male reproductive
systems work together to reproduce.
There are two kinds of sex cells — sperm
and eggs. When a sperm meets an egg, it
can fertilize it and create a zygote. This
zygote eventually becomes a fetus. Both a
sperm and an egg are needed for human
reproduction.
22. How does reproduction work?
In humans, female and male reproductive
systems work together to reproduce.
There are two kinds of sex cells — sperm
and eggs. When a sperm meets an egg, it
can fertilize it and create a zygote. This
zygote eventually becomes a fetus. Both a
sperm and an egg are needed for human
reproduction.
24. What is the male reproductive system?
The male reproductive system contains
internal and external parts. Internal parts are
inside your body, and external parts are
outside your body. Together, these organs
help you urinate (pee), have sexual
intercourse and make biological children.
26. What does the male reproductive system do?
The organs that make up the male reproductive system perform
the following:
Produce, maintain and transport sperm cells and semen. Sperm
cells are male reproductive cells. Semen is the protective fluid
around sperm.
27. What does the male reproductive system do?
Discharge sperm.
Produce and secrete male sex hormones.
How does the male reproductive system function?
The entire male reproductive system depends
on hormones. Hormones are chemicals that stimulate or
regulate activity in your cells or organs.
28. What does the male reproductive system do?
The primary hormones that help the male reproductive
system function include:
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Your pituitary
gland makes FSH. FSH is necessary to produce sperm
(spermatogenesis).
Luteinizing hormone (LH). Your pituitary gland also makes
LH. LH is necessary to continue the process of
spermatogenesis.
29. What does the male reproductive system do?
Testosterone. Testosterone is the main sex hormone in
people. It helps you develop certain characteristics,
including muscle mass and strength, fat distribution, bone
mass and sex drive (libido).
30. What are the parts of the male reproductive system?
Penis
The penis is the male organ for sexual
intercourse. It contains many sensitive
nerve endings, and it has three parts:
Root.
The root is the base of your penis. It
attaches to the wall of your abdomen.
31. What are the parts of the male reproductive system?
Body (shaft).
The body has a shape like a tube or cylinder.
It consists of three internal chambers: the two
larger chambers are the corpora cavernosa,
and the third chamber is the corpus
spongiosum. The corpora cavernosa run side
by side, while the corpus spongiosum
surrounds your urethra.
32. What are the parts of the male reproductive system?
There’s a special, sponge-like erectile
tissue inside these chambers. The erectile
tissue contains thousands of spaces.
During sexual arousal, the spaces fill with
blood, and your penis becomes hard and
rigid (erection). An erection allows you to
have penetrative sex. The skin of the penis
is loose and stretchy, which lets it change
size when you have an erection.
33. What are the parts of the male reproductive system?
Glans (head).
The glans is the cone-shaped tip of the penis. A loose
layer of skin (foreskin) covers the glans. Healthcare
providers sometimes surgically remove the foreskin
(circumcision).
In most people, the opening of the urethra is at the tip
of the glans. The urethra transports pee and semen
out of your body. Semen contains sperm. You expel
(ejaculate) semen through the end of your penis.
34. What are the parts of the male reproductive system?
Scrotum
The scrotum is the loose, pouch-like sac of skin
that hangs behind the penis. It holds the
testicles (testes) as well as nerves and blood
vessels.
The scrotum protects your testicles and
provides a sort of “climate-control system.”
35. What are the parts of the male reproductive system?
Testicles
The testicles (testes) are oval-shaped organs that lie
in your scrotum. They’re about the size of two large
olives. The spermatic cord holds the testicles in
place and supplies them with blood. Most people
have two testicles, on the left and right side of the
scrotum. The testicles make testosterone and
produce sperm.
36. What are the parts of the male reproductive system?
Epididymis
The epididymis is a long, coiled tube that rests on
the back of each testicle. It carries and stores the
sperm cells that your testicles create. The
epididymis also brings the sperm to maturity — the
sperm that emerge from the testicles are immature
and incapable of fertilization. During sexual arousal,
muscle contractions force the sperm into the vas
deferens.
37. What are the internal parts of the male reproductive
system?
The vas deferens is a long, muscular
tube that travels from the epididymis
into the pelvic cavity, just behind the
urinary bladder. The vas deferens
transports mature sperm to the urethra
in preparation for ejaculation.
38. What are the internal parts of the male reproductive
system?
Ejaculatory ducts
Each testicle has a vas deferens that
joins with seminal vesicle ducts to form
ejaculatory ducts. The ejaculatory
ducts move through your prostate,
where they collect fluid to add to
semen. They empty into your urethra.
39. What are the internal parts of the male reproductive
system?
Urethra
The urethra is the tube that carries
pee from your bladder outside of
your body. If you have a penis, it
also ejaculates semen when you
reach orgasm.
40. What are the internal parts of the male reproductive
system?
Seminal vesicles
The seminal vesicles are sac-like pouches
that attach to the vas deferens near the
base of the bladder. Seminal vesicles make
up to 80% of your ejaculatory fluid,
including fructose. Fructose is an energy
source for sperm and helps them move
(motility).
41. What are the internal parts of the male reproductive
system?
Prostate gland
The prostate is a walnut-sized gland that
rests below your bladder, in front of
your rectum. The prostate adds additional
fluid to ejaculate, which helps nourish
sperm. The urethra runs through the center
of the prostate gland.
42. Evaluation
Multiple Choice: Choose the best answer from the choices.
1. Which of the following is NOT a function of the male reproductive system?
a) Production of sperm
b) Secretion of testosterone
c) Production of eggs
d) Delivery of sperm to the female reproductive system
2. Which organ in the male reproductive system is responsible for the production of
sperm?
a) Testes
b) Epididymis
c) Vas deferens
d) Seminal vesicles
43. Evaluation
3. What is the role of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?
a) Production of sperm
b) Secretion of testosterone
c) Production of semen
d) Delivery of sperm to the female reproductive system
4. Which of the following is NOT a function of the female reproductive system?
a) Production of eggs
b) Secretion of estrogen
c) Fertilization of eggs
d) Nourishment and development of a fetus
44. Evaluation
5. Which organ in the female reproductive system is responsible for the production of
eggs?
a) Ovaries
b) Fallopian tubes
c) Uterus
d) Cervix
6. What is the role of the uterus in the female reproductive system?
a) Production of eggs
b) Secretion of estrogen
c) Fertilization of eggs
d) Nourishment and development of a fetus
45. Evaluation
7. Which hormone is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics
in males?
a) Testosterone
b) Estrogen
c) Progesterone
d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
8. Which hormone is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics
in females?
a) Testosterone
b) Estrogen
c) Progesterone
d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
46. Evaluation
9. What is the process called when a mature egg is released from the ovary?
a) Ovulation
b) Fertilization
c) Menstruation
d) Implantation
10. What is the purpose of contraception?
a) To prevent the release of eggs from the ovaries
b) To prevent the fertilization of eggs by sperm
c) To prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterus
d) To prevent the development of secondary sexual characteristics
