Electrical energy is versatile and considered as the back bone of our daily life. It is directly or indirectly used in everyone’s daily activities. But for having the availability of the sources, we cannot but depend on the renewable resources. The renewable resources can be replaced through the natural process at a rate which is equal or greater than this rate at which they are used. Actually, renewable energy is generated from natural resources like sunlight, wind, tide, geothermal heat, ocean energy etc. that are renewable. A prediction is that in 2030, energy comes from renewable sources is 28% of total generation. Though Bangladesh having lots of natural resources, but still now facing and struggling with the shortage of power, while our neighboring countries are utilizing their sources properly and being richer with better economic growth. The vision for increasing economic growth to 10% by 2017 can be come into reality through the proper utilization of renewable energy resources for having a sustainable development of our country. This paper shows an analytical study on recent energy scenario of Bangladesh and describes the potentiality of available renewable energy resources that should be incorporated in the national energy planning.
Wind Energy Potential & Utilization in PakistanSAJID ALI RUK
Wind energy is a form of renewable energy, in Pakistan which makes up more than 6% of total electricity production. As of 2018, wind power capacity in Pakistan was 1,237 MW.
Download India nuclear power sector generation and investment opportunity out...KuicK Research
“India Nuclear Power Sector Generation and Investment Opportunity Outlook 2032” report highlights:
India Nuclear Power Sector Overview
India Nuclear Power Sector Indicators
India Existing and upcoming Nuclear Power Plants Overview
Indian Nuclear Power Regulatory and Policy Framework
India Nuclear Power Plants Infrastructure
India Nuclear Fuel Supply Scenario
Peak Shaving Using Grid-Connected Solar Panels Case Study: Ministry of Islami...IJERA Editor
The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the application of renewable energy, namely solar energy,for peak shaving during peak loads and to investigate the feasibility of using grid-connected solar system for electricity generation in Ministry of Awqaf mosques. PVsyst software is used to find the optimal design for total connected load of 80 kW. The technical performance of 80 kWgrid-connected photovoltaic (PV) solar systems was investigated. Applying renewable energy in building is required by Kuwait government, all sectors should use 30% of the consumed energy from renewable energy in year 2030. The total cost of the solar systems for 1400 mosques is around 512 million dollars and the total cost of energyis39 milliondollars per year according to 0.2 dollarwhich mean that the payback period within 13 years.Based on the study results, the development of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV)solar system in Awqaf mosques in Kuwait could be economically viable and provide peak shaving during peak loads.
Wind Energy Potential & Utilization in PakistanSAJID ALI RUK
Wind energy is a form of renewable energy, in Pakistan which makes up more than 6% of total electricity production. As of 2018, wind power capacity in Pakistan was 1,237 MW.
Download India nuclear power sector generation and investment opportunity out...KuicK Research
“India Nuclear Power Sector Generation and Investment Opportunity Outlook 2032” report highlights:
India Nuclear Power Sector Overview
India Nuclear Power Sector Indicators
India Existing and upcoming Nuclear Power Plants Overview
Indian Nuclear Power Regulatory and Policy Framework
India Nuclear Power Plants Infrastructure
India Nuclear Fuel Supply Scenario
Peak Shaving Using Grid-Connected Solar Panels Case Study: Ministry of Islami...IJERA Editor
The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the application of renewable energy, namely solar energy,for peak shaving during peak loads and to investigate the feasibility of using grid-connected solar system for electricity generation in Ministry of Awqaf mosques. PVsyst software is used to find the optimal design for total connected load of 80 kW. The technical performance of 80 kWgrid-connected photovoltaic (PV) solar systems was investigated. Applying renewable energy in building is required by Kuwait government, all sectors should use 30% of the consumed energy from renewable energy in year 2030. The total cost of the solar systems for 1400 mosques is around 512 million dollars and the total cost of energyis39 milliondollars per year according to 0.2 dollarwhich mean that the payback period within 13 years.Based on the study results, the development of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV)solar system in Awqaf mosques in Kuwait could be economically viable and provide peak shaving during peak loads.
The mammoth energy requirements of India coupled with the strong push being provided by the government to renewable sources of energy makes this sector a lucrative business prospect. This presentation details the overview of the renewable energy sector in India as well as Gujarat and highlights the business opportunities available within the sector.
The demand of energy is dramatically increased nowadays and the demand either can renewable or non renewable depends on the drawbacks. Hence, non renewable energies show the better performance where the limitations are comprisable very few and environmental friendly. Already developed countries are being used renewable energies as the main sources of energy to produce electricity where it proved the less easy and more benefits. However, non renewable energies such as natural gas, gas generator and so on still have been producing more and more electricity and this amount is around 10 times more than renewable energies especially developing countries like Bangladesh. This paper is being discussed the importance of renewable energies and non renewable energies to produce electricity, comparing the different countries electricity production and the using sources. Here analysis the data of different power plants in Bangladesh and the types of fuel, CO2 emission and electricity production. In additionally, Gazipur district has been selected to show the power consumption factories with the cost analysis in selected fuel types.
The utilization of conventional sources of energy releases harmful pollutants to the environment causing global warming and acid rain. For that reason, it becomes necessary to use a non-depletable, sustainable and eco-friendly renewable energy as a mean of producing electricity. Malaysia is tropical country rich in resources beneficial in electricity generation as it is in equatorial region therefore it has an abundance of solar irradiance of average annually. In addition, Malaysia’s demand in electricity is increasing to 124,677 GWh by 2020. Therefore, the electricity generation from renewable sources in Malaysia is anticipated to grow in the future alongside the government endorsement due to its clean, eco-friendly and free source of energy which can highly reduce the dependency on oil and gas that emits harmful pollutants to the environment. This paper gives a comprehensive review on the renewable projects and researches in Malaysia, challenges that affect popularity of renewable energy in Malaysia and available and successful renewable energy system in Malaysia.
The mammoth energy requirements of India coupled with the strong push being provided by the government to renewable sources of energy makes this sector a lucrative business prospect. This presentation details the overview of the renewable energy sector in India as well as Gujarat and highlights the business opportunities available within the sector.
The demand of energy is dramatically increased nowadays and the demand either can renewable or non renewable depends on the drawbacks. Hence, non renewable energies show the better performance where the limitations are comprisable very few and environmental friendly. Already developed countries are being used renewable energies as the main sources of energy to produce electricity where it proved the less easy and more benefits. However, non renewable energies such as natural gas, gas generator and so on still have been producing more and more electricity and this amount is around 10 times more than renewable energies especially developing countries like Bangladesh. This paper is being discussed the importance of renewable energies and non renewable energies to produce electricity, comparing the different countries electricity production and the using sources. Here analysis the data of different power plants in Bangladesh and the types of fuel, CO2 emission and electricity production. In additionally, Gazipur district has been selected to show the power consumption factories with the cost analysis in selected fuel types.
The utilization of conventional sources of energy releases harmful pollutants to the environment causing global warming and acid rain. For that reason, it becomes necessary to use a non-depletable, sustainable and eco-friendly renewable energy as a mean of producing electricity. Malaysia is tropical country rich in resources beneficial in electricity generation as it is in equatorial region therefore it has an abundance of solar irradiance of average annually. In addition, Malaysia’s demand in electricity is increasing to 124,677 GWh by 2020. Therefore, the electricity generation from renewable sources in Malaysia is anticipated to grow in the future alongside the government endorsement due to its clean, eco-friendly and free source of energy which can highly reduce the dependency on oil and gas that emits harmful pollutants to the environment. This paper gives a comprehensive review on the renewable projects and researches in Malaysia, challenges that affect popularity of renewable energy in Malaysia and available and successful renewable energy system in Malaysia.
Resources of Renewable Energy in IndiaIJERA Editor
Renewable energy resources sector growth in India has been significant, even for electricity generation from
renewable sources. Renewable energy is energy generated from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain,
tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable (naturally replenished). Even for the decentralized systems, the
growth for solar home lighting systems has been 300%, solar lanterns 99% and solar photovoltaic water pumps
196%. This is a phenomenal growth in the renewable energy sector mainly for applications that were considered
to be supplied only through major electricity utilities. Some large projects have been proposed, and a 35,000
km2 area of the Thar Desert has been set aside for solar power projects, sufficient to generate 700 to 2,100 giga
watts. Renewable energy systems are also being looked upon as a major application for electrification of 20,000
remote and unelectrified villages and hamlets by 2007 and all households in such villages and hamlets by 2018.
POTENTIAL STUDY ADDRESSING SHORTAGE OF POWER AND ECONOMIC GROWTH THROUGH FORE...IAEME Publication
India is densely populated and has high solar insolation, an ideal combination for using solar power in India. India is already a leader in wind power generation. India is now one of the top five solar energy developments worldwide as per Ernst & Young’s renewable energy attractiveness index. As per report by WATO-India, 2012, the Indian Renewable Energy business market is experiencing a growth rate of 15 %/yr and the opportunities for private investments are estimated to
be of about USD 34 billion.
Solving Power Crisis of Bangladesh by Utilizing Renewable EnergyIJMREMJournal
Bangladesh is a developing country and crisis of power is one of the acute quandaries in any developing
country like Bangladesh. Power is the most paramount factor and the demand of power is incrementing rapidly
in the country. There are several reasons behind the power failure like lack of commitment of ascendancy,
system loss, circumscription of resources, high demand, corruption in potency, low generation capacity etc. To
overcome the problem of power crisis, renewable energy can be a great source. Bangladesh has huge untapped
renewable energy resources which can be utilized to solve and aid the power crisis. In this paper we described
about different forms of renewable energy that can be acclimated to meet the power demand by proper
utilization at low cost and less risk. We also discussed about several sectors of renewable energy sources such
as solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, bio energy, hydro power, geothermal, ocean wave energy and
energy from Bay-of-Bengal. Skilled manpower and new technology are required for taking initiative steps for
power sectors utilizing renewable energy.
Present Conventional & Non- Conventional Energy Scenario in Bangladesh and It...Farzad Hossain
The approaching energy emergency, increased by the proceeding with the exhaustion of fossil fuels, complements the requirement for sending of Conventional & Non- Conventional energy resources in Bangladesh, now like never before some time recently. Despite the fact that hydrocarbon resources in the nation are restricted, the significant accessibility of Conventional & Non- Conventional energy sources as fossil fuels, natural gas, nuclear energy and hydroelectric energy offers chances of reasonable energy-based advancements like wave energy, energy from the Bay-of-Bengal and potential sources of geothermal energy. Insufficiency in the energy area is a noteworthy issue in Bangladesh, which obstructs the smooth financial improvement work processes. Along the lines, Bangladesh is confronting trouble to accomplish a generally maintained advance in the economy because of the absence of a sound energy security. With the goal of exploring this advance, this paper displays an exhaustive investigation of the contemporary Conventional & Non- Conventional energy situation and future prospect in Bangladesh as far as appropriation, research and infrastructural improvement in the nation. It has found the components that are valuable to diminish the current energy supply emergency and abridged the present energy situation, absence of foundation and customary energy sources to advance the Conventional & Non-Conventional energy sources to satisfy the energy request in future in Bangladesh.
Solar Magazine | Indonesia Solar Energy Profile: A Nation Rich in Unrealized ...Solar Magazine
Indonesia is rich in solar power potential (~207 gigawatts’ worth), but there’re many facets of challenges needed to be addressed by different parties. Additionally, the government and society are striving to make a balance between economic growth and carbon neutrality. Read more about the Profile at https://solarmagazine.com/solar-profiles/indonesia/
Similar to Renewable Energy: The Future of Bangladesh (20)
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
1. Md. Mamunur Rahman.et.al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 7, Issue 6, (Part -3) June 2017, pp.23-29
www.ijera.com DOI: 10.9790/9622-0706032329 23 | P a g e
Renewable Energy: The Future of Bangladesh
Md. Mamunur Rahman*, Nahid Nasrin*, Swarup Chakraborty*, Md. Asif
Siddique*, Subrata Bhowmik**, Rukhesh Barua***
*(Lecturer, Department of EEE, Port City International University, Bangladesh Email:
md.mamunurrahman37@yahoo.com,
nahid.nasrin@yahoo.com,swarup1103@gmail.com,asifsiddiquebzs@gmail.com)
**(B.Sc. in EEE, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh, Email:
subratabhowmik.ndc.eee.11.cuet@gmail.com.)
*** (B.Sc. Student, Department of EEE, Port City International University, Bangladesh, Email:
abhimanbarua@gmail.com)
ABSTRACT
Electrical energy is versatile and considered as the back bone of our daily life. It is directly or indirectly used in
everyone’s daily activities. But for having the availability of the sources, we cannot but depend on the renewable
resources. The renewable resources can be replaced through the natural process at a rate which is equal or greater
than this rate at which they are used. Actually, renewable energy is generated from natural resources like
sunlight, wind, tide, geothermal heat, ocean energy etc. that are renewable. A prediction is that in 2030, energy
comes from renewable sources is 28% of total generation. Though Bangladesh having lots of natural resources,
but still now facing and struggling with the shortage of power, while our neighboring countries are utilizing their
sources properly and being richer with better economic growth. The vision for increasing economic growth to
10% by 2017 can be come into reality through the proper utilization of renewable energy resources for having a
sustainable development of our country. This paper shows an analytical study on recent energy scenario of
Bangladesh and describes the potentiality of available renewable energy resources that should be incorporated in
the national energy planning.
Keywords: Biomass, Hydro, Nuclear, Renewable Energy, Solar, Wind.
I.INTRODUCTION
Bangladesh is placed at the southern Asia
with having neighboring countries like India in west
& east, Myanmar in the south-east end and the Bay
of Bengal in south with its population of around 17
crores in the land means of 148460 km2
.
Bangladesh, an emerging nation is successfully
maintaining economic growth of 6.7% and led to
high demand of electricity each year since the last
decade [1]. But due to misuse, inadequate
production and the management of energy both in
the past and present, the actual demand cannot be
fulfilled. So, load shedding has become a daily
opinion and increased to an extensive and high
extent. Just 59.60 % of Bangladeshis are having
access to the electricity ,where the energy in per
capita use is only 180 kilowatt-hours and that is
quite low compared to others country[2].The people
of countryside areas are not getting the facilities of
power than urban people for this shortage .However,
Bangladesh is a country which is so dependent on
predictable energy sources such as gas ,hydro-power
, oil etc. which cannot meet the challenge of the
upcoming demand if renewable resources cannot be
considered and cannot be utilized [3].
II.CURRENT ENERGY SCENARIO IN
BANGLADESH
At present both in cities and rural areas,
Bangladesh is facing a huge scarcity of electricity.
Only two third of whole population have been access
to electricity with capita of 279 KW-Hr per annum
[4]. There are so many difficulties like security
concerns on growing fuel imports, highly
dependence on the energy resources like coal, gas
that has inadequate growth of electricity production.
We cannot but depend on natural gas almost 62%
[5]. At present, Bangladesh has a state of power
which is about 12578 MW where the generation is
about 8305 Mw in March,2017. Overall installed
capability of BPDB power plants as on February
2017was 15379 MW. The Fig. 01 at below shows
that the installed capacity of BPDB power plant as
on February 2017[6].
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
2. Md. Mamunur Rahman.et.al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 7, Issue 6, (Part -3) June 2017, pp.23-29
www.ijera.com DOI: 10.9790/9622-0706032329 24 | P a g e
Figure 01: Installed power capacity scenario
Figure 02: Study year-wise peak demand forecast
Figure 03: Power shortage for a period of seven
years
The likely additional of electricity in time
of 2011 – 2016 is in Fig. 03[8]. While the demand
for electricity is increasing, the production capacity
of existing power stations does not increase to meet
this demand. By using renewable energy sources
such as air, waste and solar energy, Bangladesh has
intended to fabricate 10% of total power production
by 2020 [9].
III.PROSPECTIVE RENEWABLE ENERGY
SCENARIO
In terms of renewable energy sources such
as solar, biomass, wind etc. Bangladesh is really
blessed with lots of supply. But there is a subject of
distress that, Bangladesh is not still capable of make
the proper use of its resources for making the power
accessible for the people. Thought if we compare to
the fossil fuel alternative, the expenditure of
investment of renewable energy technology goes
high. And when environmental cost, health hazards
etc. lower operating expenses are in concern, this
option is an economically noticeable. The advantage
of renewable energy is that is gracious with
environment and very suitable for developing
countries like ours which is in the risk of climate
contamination. But, good news is that, Govt. is
trying greatly undertaking plans to combine the
renewable energy so the entire country can meet
their desired power demand. Some private
companies are trying to strap up the huge probable
of the renewable energy in Bangladesh. [10].
3.1. Solar Energy
Solar power is an energy which is from the
sun and is converted into thermal or electrical
energy. This is the most plentiful and the purest
renewable energy source which is available in our
environment. The adaptation of the sunlight to
electricity either using photovoltaic or using
concentrated solar power is actually the solar power.
Although initial investment fee is high, the operating
fee is very low. Bangladesh is a semitropical country
which is lied within 20.30 to 26.38 degrees in north
latitude and in the east, it’s within 88.04 to 92.44
degree shaving with adequate sunshine in which the
daily average solar radiation range is 4-6.5 KWh/m2
.
There is a Table 01, shows the solar radiation data
for various month throughout the year in Raujan,
Chittagong, Bangladesh, as below [11].
In this solar radiation chart, described in
Table 01, it’s found that on May & June, the
maximum solar radiation is found which is about
5.786KW/m2
/day and the minimum radiation is on
the month of August where the daily radiation is
about4.048KW/m2
/day. And the average radiation is
4.758 KW/m2
/day throughout a year.
3. Md. Mamunur Rahman.et.al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 7, Issue 6, (Part -3) June 2017, pp.23-29
www.ijera.com DOI: 10.9790/9622-0706032329 25 | P a g e
Table 01: Solar radiation throughout the year
Figure 04: Year wise SHS System
For this in Bangladesh, the IDCOL has
installed 4.1 million SHS up to October 2016 in the
remotest areas which is precious and tough because
of electrification through grid development and has a
target to finance 6 million SHS by 2021 which will
able to generate 220 MW of electricity on an
approximation. In the Fig. 04, showing the number
of the creation of Solar Home System for few years
by Infrastructure Development Company Limited
(IDCOL) [12].
Recently, in more than 50% of about
10,000 commercial markets and different rural
markets, the national grid energy is greatly
contributing to centralize the solar photovoltaic
plants. For habitual means candles, oil lamps,
kerosene etc. are used in various houses, offices and
different institutions in off grid and in a few places
own diesel generator are used to produce electricity
which should be brought under solar technologies
like solar pond, solar thermal, solar water heater,
solar air heater, solar cooker & solar vehicle etc.
3.2.Wind Energy
Wind is a good source of renewable energy.
For having a long coastal area, Bangladesh is
suitable for it. Here in different seasons wind blows
in several patterns. In the time of monsoon from
Indian Ocean, the heavy south-westerly wind comes
which passes coastal areas of Bangladesh. For this
reason, in the time of March to September, the
average speed of wind is 3 m/s to 6 m/s and
similarly this rate remains lower during October to
February. And in the time of June to July, maximum
wind speed can be seen [13]. So, it would be better if
wind turbine is established in the coastal areas and it
will be the solution to meet up our demand
supporting the national grid. According to the
statistical data, Bangladesh Govt. has made a project
which is named as Wind Energy Study Project
(WEST) where, on the six potential coastal areas, the
average wind speed is recorded for a year is like as
Fig. 05 [14].
Figure 05: Average Wind Speed in Six Different
Coastal Spots (Monthly)
Figure 06: Average Extractable Wind at six WEST
stations
Month Clearness
Index
Daily
Radiation
( KW/m2
/d)
April 0.646 4.597
February 0.628 5.126
March 0.596 5.634
April 0.550 5.760
May 0.527 5.786
June 0.390 5.786
July 0.368 4.335
August 0.398 4.048
September 0.418 4.224
October 0.555 4.083
November 0.601 4.725
December 0.649 4.409
Average 0.513 4.758
4. Md. Mamunur Rahman.et.al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 7, Issue 6, (Part -3) June 2017, pp.23-29
www.ijera.com DOI: 10.9790/9622-0706032329 26 | P a g e
Figure 07: Monthly average wind speed difference
according to height of the of tower.
Figure 08: Extractable power difference according
to height of the of tower
And average extractable wind energy is
shown in the following Fig. 06. There is also an
effect of height on power extraction from wind
turbine. The average wind speed is higher with the
increased height. From a study from BMD, applied
in Saint Martin Island showed that if the height of
the existing towers is increased from 10 to 30
meters, then more than 39% power can be more
extracted with respect to the present one [15].
3.3.Ocean Wave Energy
From the ocean’s wave, the ocean’s wave
energy is directly produced. This is obviously an
energy which can help eradicating the risky emission
of greenhouse gas coping with the generation of
power. For this, it’s a significant and possible source
of electricity in Bangladesh. ‘The oscillating Water
Column Method’ is exactly possible and has become
economically good in this purpose. Already, many
countries are using this type of wave energy
harnessing device [16].
3.4.Tidal Energy
Bangladesh is really blessed for having the
Bay of Bengal and longer coastal belt which is about
740 KM. Tidal power be a clean renewable energy,
is a suitable source of power in coastal area of
Bangladesh [17]. The tidal power can be produced
through the tidal stream generator [18]. Though this
isn’t widely used but has a potential for generating
the electricity for future. So, tidal energy is greatly
expected than the solar and wind energy [19]. For
having recent, new development and establishment
in turbine technology and plan, the new availability
of tidal power can be greater and higher than the
power that was previously assumed. Bangladesh
having a sea in the south may gain more energy from
the tidal waves by given application of two
technologies, which are Low head tidal movement (2
to 5 meters’ head) and Medium head tidal movement
(5 meters or over) respectively [17].
Here, the tidal movement of low head can
be established in the coastal areas like: Khulna,
Satkhira, Barishal, Bagerhat, Cox’s Bazar in the
region with sluice gates and levees. In time of high
tide if the water is trapped into a coastal basin and if
a dead difference is created in the time of low tide to
drive the turbine, this water heads could be easily
used. Many developed countries are using this
method [20].
3.5.Hydro Power
Hydropower is an energy source which is
environment friendly. For being its land flat with of
a few exception regions, Bangladesh has no
opportunity of hydropower. During the monsoon
season, the major rivers provide a high amount of
water flow in 5 to 6 months, but in time of winter
it’s reduced [21]. For hydropower, the plant can be
classified into 2 categories which are Large
Hydropower Plants and Small Hydropower Plants.
Kaptai dam is only one dam of Bangladesh
in which there is production of electricity by
hydroelectric power plant. It’s on the bank of
Karnaphuli at Kaptai and 65 KM away from
Chittagong on Rangamati. The construction of
Kaptai dam is started on 1962.The reservoir water
storage capacity is 6477 million cubic meters and
230 Megawatts electricity when it runs on full
capacity [22]. There are also 2 sites which are likely
identified for another more hydropower.
Table 02: Prospective Hydro Power Plant Sites
District Name
river/chara/stream
Potential of
electrical
energy in KW
Chittagong Foy’s Lake 4
Chittagong Chotokumira 15
Chittagong HinguliChara 12
Chittagong
Hill Tracts
Sealock 81
Chittagong Lungi Chara 10
Chittagong BudiaChara 10
5. Md. Mamunur Rahman.et.al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 7, Issue 6, (Part -3) June 2017, pp.23-29
www.ijera.com DOI: 10.9790/9622-0706032329 27 | P a g e
Sylhet NikhariChara 26
Sylhet Rangapani Gung 66
Jamalpur Bhugai-kongsa at 2
miles U/S of
Nalitabari P. S
69 KW for 10
months
48 KW for 2
months
Jamalpur Marisi at Dukabad
near Jhinaigati
Thana Head
Quater
35 KW for 10
months
20 KW for 2
months
Dinajpur Dahuk at Burabari
Chawai at U/S of
Chawai L.L.P
Talam at U/S of
Talam L.L.P
Pathraj at Fulbari
Tangon at D/S of
Nargun L.L.
Punarbhaba at
Singraban
24
32
24
32
48
11
Rangpur BhurikhoraChikli
at Nizbari
Fulkumar at
Raigang Bazar
32
48
plants and those are at the Sangu and the
Matamuhuri. A recent study conducted by US based
consultancy firm STI noted that two rivers in the
Chittagong hill Tracts could potentially generate 140
MW. The study observed that 58.33 MW could be
generated from the Sangu and 75 MW from the
Matamuhury that are identified by BPDB. There are
some potential small hydro sites identified by BPDB
and BWDB which are described in Table 02[23].
3.6.Biomass
Bangladesh is an agricultural country. For
this, there’s available of a lot of agricultural
residues. So, one of the most promising renewable
energy resources are biomass resources. Bangladesh
has a lot of biomass resources which can cover about
55% of the total energy that are needed for our
country [24]. About 48% of the total biomass is
covered by the various types of residues and these
residues are divided into two types: (1) Field
residue, (2) Processing residue. If the ways of
sustainable optimized processes are invented, huge
amount of energy can be got from waste like: crop
residues, sugarcane biogases, rice husk, jute sticks
etc. About 42 MT agricultural crops residues are got
annually in Bangladesh from which 37% and 63%
are respectively process residue and field residue
[25]. If we think about wood and wood wastes, there
are leaves, roots, twigs, planer shavings, barks etc.
which can confirm 100% recovery factor and
annually recoverable amount is about 8.871 MT
[25]. About 5000 poultry firm (commercial) are
there in our Bangladesh from where huge amount of
poultry wastes are got daily. For the poultry
dropping the recovery factor is 50% and 60% is for
animal waste with about 20619 MT of recoverable
animal wastes and poultry dropping [26]. Besides,
from the municipal solid waste and people produced
solid wastes, a huge amount of energy can be
generated. A statistical data by The World Bank says
that 0.15 kg/capita/day is the rate of the production
in rural and 0.4 - 0.5kg/capita/days is in urban
areasfrom where recovery factor is 100% and the
amount that is estimated is about 14.793MT and a
one kg of dung can produce 0.037m3 of biogas and
the available of the cattle dung can easily produce
2.50 billion m3 gas which is same as 1.28 MT of
kerosene or 2.56 MT of coal [25] [26]. And as a
report of IRRD, about a 4 million biogas plants can
be established throughout the country. From where
75% is based on cow dung and 20% on poultry
wastes and left 5% is on another biomass [27].
3.7.Nuclear Energy
As Bangladesh is having shortage of
electricity, so she’s needed a powerful and obviously
established source to supply energy for a period of
extended time continuously. For this problem,
nuclear energy may be a solution. No other plants
are as high as a typical nuclear power plant for it’s
the lifetime. Uranium is plentiful and technologies
survive which can extend its use 60-fold if the
demand needs it. And 6000 tons in a year is the
world mine production. sFrom several sources like:
stockpiles, lots of markets are given supply. Most of
the supplies are used for electricity. The typical heat
value of various fuels is given in Table 03 for
making comparison [28].
In Bangladesh, for the first nuclear power
plant, Roppur site was selected in 1963 and in 2001,
our country got a national nuclear power action plan.
At last in 2010, Bangladesh made an agreement for
making a nuclear power plant with Russia to
generate 2400 MW which has two reactors and each
reactor can able to produce 1200MW of power [29].
It’s build on Roppur at the side of the Padma and the
Ishwardi which is the sub district of Pabna. The cost
was estimated to us$14 billion to set up the Roppur
nuclear plant. For the implementation of this project,
the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission
(BAEC) is being played of the role. GEN3/GEN3+
reactor system should be followed by Bangladesh
which is based on the technical information and
proven technology for the given consideration like:
1.Digital instrumentation and control system
2.Latest safety code for reducing severe accidents,
such as Chernobyl, Fukushima disaster and
Psychological and physical protection.
6. Md. Mamunur Rahman.et.al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 7, Issue 6, (Part -3) June 2017, pp.23-29
www.ijera.com DOI: 10.9790/9622-0706032329 28 | P a g e
Table 03: The Calorific Values of Various Fuel
3.Simplicity and economically liable and safety
consideration.
For this Roppur nuclear project is based on
the proven technology records, Russion VVR-1000
MW/VVER-1200 MW nuclear system may be
considered. According to the agreements, Russia
will assist with all assistance to set up the plant
including fuel and take back the used fuel and the
plant may be gone into operation by 2021 by the 1st
unit and 2025 by the 2nd unit [30].
IV.FUTURE PLAN
As a developing country, Bangladesh need
more power according to the demand. For reducing
the shortage of power, Bangladesh need more
production with establishing new small and big
power plant. Keeping this subject in mind,
Bangladesh government and some private
companies has made some projects. IDCOL has
proposed to fund 50 solar mini grid schemes with
having the combined financial partnership with ADB
and WORLD BANK by 2017. At Rangunia,
Chittagong, 60 MW solar park project will be
planted on IPP basis at Karnafuli River, by BPDB.
Line this 40-45 MW solar park project will be on
Tangail, Sirajgong area and 2 - 3 MW at Ishwardi. In
term for establishing 15 MW wind power plant at
the coastal areas of Bangladesh, some steps have
been taken in which at Muhuri Dam and
Mognamaghat respectively on Feni and Cox’s bazar,
the wind mapping is being gone on.50- 200 MW
wind power project will be set up on Anowara in
Chittagong and has also a plan to expand the
onshore wind power plants in the coastal region in
Bangladesh. Besides, 1 MW off grid solar diesel
based on Hybrid power plant in Kutubdia Island is a
plan for setting up by BPDB. And another big power
plant, Rampal power plant is a future plan to
generate electricity in Bangladesh which will
generate 1320 MW coal fired power station. Like
this another new project named Maheshkhali coal
fired power generation project will be installed to
generate 1320 MW [31].
V.CONCLUSION
The total development of a civilization is
greatly depending on the electrical energy. Seeing
per capital utilization of this energy, the total
advancement can be easily realized. One of the most
significant strategies cannot but be the improvement
of the renewable energy. For generating the power,
Bangladesh has to depend on fossil fuel yet now but
these dependent resources are very limited. Through
the carbon trading concept and changing global
climate, renewable energy can make a significant
contribution. This is the absolute time to go ahead
and make a contribution in these renewable energy
resources for generating electricity which include
solar, wind, biomass, hydro-power etc. Bangladesh
can produce electricity with the assist of these
resources and will be capable of meeting the demand
in future. For this, the Government coping with the
Private companies have to contribute equally to
highlight more on the renewable energy resources
for the production of electricity to resolve our power
calamity problem.
REFERENCES
[1]. About Economic growth, available at:
www.powerdivision.gov.bd/user/brec/49/89
(01 April ,2017).
[2]. About Per Capita Energy Use, available at:
www.bpdb.gov.bd/bpdb/index.php?option=co
m_content&view=article&id=151&Itemid=11
8(01 April,2017).
[3]. About Energy Scenario, available at:
www.phulbarinews.wordpress.com/2008/08/2
0/revisiting-the-energypower-scenario-in
Bangladesh (02 April,2017).
[4]. About Energy Access, available at:
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.
ELEC.KH.PC(03 April,2017).
[5]. About Bangladesh’s Energy Situation,
available at:
https://energypedia.info/wiki/Bangladesh_Ene
rgy_Situation(04 April,2017).
[6]. About Installed Capacity of BPDB, available
at:
http://www.bpdb.gov.bd/bpdb/index.php?opti
on=com_content&view=article&id=150&Ite
mid=16 (05 April, 2017).
[7]. About Year Wise Peak Demand Estimation,
available at:
www.bpdb.gov.bd/PSMP/PSMP2010.pdf(08
April, 2017).
[8]. About Power Shortage, available at:
http://www.mof.gov.bd/en/budget/11_12/pow
er/power_energy_en.pdf(08 April ,2017).
[9]. Amin, E.M., Sharin, A., Islam, R. and
Chowdhury, S.A., Renewable Energy
Scenario of Bangladesh: Physical
Perspective, 1st International Conference on
Ingredients Calorific value
Natural Gas 38 MJ/m3
Crude Oil 45‐46 MJ/kg
Black coal (hard) 24‐30 MJ/kg
Black coal (low quality) 13‐23 MJ/kg
Brown coal (lignite) 10 MJ/kg
Firewood (dry) 16‐18 MJ/kg
Uranium ‐ in typical
reactor
500,000 MJ/kg (of
natural U)
7. Md. Mamunur Rahman.et.al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 7, Issue 6, (Part -3) June 2017, pp.23-29
www.ijera.com DOI: 10.9790/9622-0706032329 29 | P a g e
the development in Renewable Energy
Technology (ICDRET), 2009.
[10]. About Government Budget on Renewable
Energy, available at:
www.mof.gov.bd/en/budget/power_energy.pd
f(08 April, 2017).
[11]. Anik Deb, Dr. Mahmud Abdul Matin
Bhuiyan and Arefin Nasir, Prospects of Solar
Energy in Bangladesh, IOSR Journal of
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
(IOSR-JEEE),4(5), 2013,46-57.
[12]. About IDCOL, available at:
http://www.idcol.org(10 April, 2017).
[13]. A.Z.A. Saifullah, Md. Abdul Karim and Md.
Raisul Karim, Wind Energy Potential in
Bangladesh, American Journal of
Engineering Research (AJER), e-ISSN: 2320-
0847, p-ISSN: 2320-0936, 5(7), 2016,85-94.
[14]. About WEST Project, available at:
www.asiatradehub.com/bangladesh/oil2.asp(1
1 April, 2017).
[15]. Md. Tanjin Amin, Prospects of Wind Energy
in Bangladesh, International Journal of
Advanced Renewable Energy Research,
2(8),2015, 213-218.
[16]. About Ocean Wave Energy, available at:
http: //www.bpedia. org/R_0175.php (13
April,2017).
[17]. Tausif Ali, Muhammad Omar Faruk, Sabuj
Das Gupta and Kamrul Hasan, Perspective
and Prospect of Tidal Energy in Bangladesh,
International Journal of Scientific &
Engineering Research, ISSN 2229-5518, 3(7),
2012.
[18]. T. J. Hammons, Tidal power, Proceedings of
the IEEE, 81(3), 2004,419–433.
[19]. R. Lecomber, The evaluation of tidal power
projects, in Tidal Power and Estuary
Management, eds. Severn, R. T., Dineley,
D.L. & Hawker, L. E., Henry Ling Ltd.,
Dorchester, 1979,31–39.
[20]. About Tidal Energy Harvesting Method,
available at: www.banglapedia.org (16 April,
2017).
[21]. Ahmed, Investigation and Analysis of Wind
Pumping System for Irrigation in Bangladesh,
M.Sc. Engineering Thesis, BUET, Dhaka,
Bangladesh,2000.
[22]. About Kaptai Dam, available at:
http://mirrorofbd.blogspot.com/kaptai-dam
karnafuli-hydro-power.html (17April, 2017).
[23]. Jahidul Islam Razan, Riasat Siam Islam,
Rezaul Hasan, Samiul Hasan, and Fokhrul
Islam, A Comprehensive Study of Micro-
Hydropower Plant and Its Potential in
Bangladesh, International Scholarly Research
Network ISRN Renewable Energy, Article
ID:635396, 2012, pp 10.
Doi:10.5402/2012/635396.
[24]. M.A. Wazed and M. A. Islam, Prospect and
future of biomass fuel: a review in
Bangladesh perspective, Engineering e-
Transaction (ISSN: 1823 – 6379),5, 2010, 61-
66.
[25]. M. Rofiqul Islam, M. Rabiul Islam and M.
Rafiqul Alam Beg, Renewable Energy
Resources and Technologies Practice in
Bangladesh, Renewable and Sustainable
Energy Reviews, Publisher: Elsevier .22(2),
2008, 299- 343, Doi:10.1016/j. r j
er.2006.07.03.
[26]. About Poultry waste, available at:
http://www.pub.iaea.org. (19 April, 2017).
[27]. M.A. Matin, H. Rahman, M. R. Hossain,
M.A. Eshan, G.M. Hossain, and M. M. I.
Mahfuj, Present Scenario and Future Prospect
of Renewable Energy in Bangladesh, 1st
International Conference on Physics for
Sustainable Development & Technology
(ICPSDT), 2015.
[28]. About Calorific Value of Nuclear fuel,
available
at:http://www.world‐nuclear.org/info/Nuclear
‐Fuel‐Cycle/Introduction/Energy‐for‐the‐Wor
ld‐‐‐Why‐Uranium/(19 April, 2017).
[29]. A. S. Mollah, Sabiha Sattar, M. A. Hossain,
A.Z.M. Salahuddin and H. AR‐Rashid,
Prospects of Nuclear Energy for Sustainable
Energy Development in Bangladesh,
International Journal of Nuclear Energy
Science and Engineering (IJNESE),5(7),
2015, DOI: 10.14355/ijnese.2015.05.00.
[30]. About Nuclear Power Plant in Bangladesh,
available at: http://www.world-
nuclear.org/Country-Profiles/Countries-A-
F/Bangladesh (20 April, 2017).
[31]. About Coal Power Plant in Bangladesh,
available
at:www.bpdb.gov.bd/bpdb/index.php?option=
com_content&view=article&id=26&Itemid=2
4(20 April, 2017).