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Regionality: A Tool to Promote Coastal Resilience
- 1. Regionality: A Tool to Promote Coastal Resilience Charles Chesnutt U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Institute for Water Resources Howard Marlowe Alden Street Consulting, LLC Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 1
- 2. Overview Introduction – the Big Picture Objective: Coastal Resiliency Current Process Piecemeal Implementation Federal Financing Trends Regionality as an Alternative Model Implementation of Policy Change Regional state alliances Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 2
- 3. The Big Picture Coastal population & economy is increasing Sea level rising Storm strength & damages increasing Uncle Sam’s shoulders not strong enough – pockets not deep enough Current water resources planning and implementation process needs to be overhauled Coastal resiliency is a regional, national and international concern Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 3
- 4. $3 trillion in shoreline infrastructure protected In 2011, 45%, or $6.6 trillion of America’s GDP was generated in coastal counties $766,415,356 in dredging contracts awarded in 2012 In 2011, $344.4 billion in tax revenue Coastal tourism amounts to $225 billion annually Over one-third of the nation’s population NOAA: Coastal Shoreline Counties Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 4
- 5. Current Status of the Nation’s Coastal Water Resources Coastal Navigation Inlets and Small Harbors Shore Protection Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 5
- 6. Navigation Channels, waterways, inlets; jetties, breakwaters, & other structures Maintenance activities Sand/sediment resources; beneficial uses of sand Confined or Near Shore Sediment Disposal Commercial uses of non-compatible sand Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 6
- 7. Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Not just erosion, but damages caused by wave inundation Not just sand nourishment but everything from seawalls & tide gates to wetlands & Natural & nature-based solution Regional/comprehensive plans Contingency planning Technical assistance to states for resiliency planning State/local building codes & ordinances Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 7
- 8. Coastal Navigation 28.90% 20.87%15.60% 14.91% 11.70% 8.03% Good Moderate Poor Failing Failed Unclassified 126 91 68 65 51 35 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 NumberofProjects Project Reliability Classification CSPI Classification of Navigation Projects Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 8
- 9. Shore Protection 47 26 37 103 67 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 NumberofProjects Project Reliability Classification CSPI classification of Shore Protection Projects 16.79% 9.29% 13.21% 36.79% 23.93% Good Intermediate Poor Unconstructed Unassigned Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 9
- 10. What Contributes to the Current Status of the Nation’s Coastal Water Resources? Not viewed as a national priority Inadequate Federal Funding The Federal Government’s Piecemeal Implementation Strategy Lack of Collaboration Interagency, States, and NGOs Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 10
- 11. Federal Financing Trends 11Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC $0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 CurrentDollar(Millions) Fiscal Year Civil Works Budget – Coastal Projects
- 12. Inefficient Federal Project Delivery Mechanism Piecemeal Planning & Implementation Staggered Dredge Mobilization and Demobilization Schedules. Discourages Beneficial Use. Projects Planned and Designed Individually with Little Consideration to Regional Implications. Lack of Needs-Based Project Prioritization Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 12
- 13. Inefficient Federal Project Delivery Mechanism Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 13
- 14. Policy Alternatives Option #1: Stay the Course Option #2: Make radical changes Reducing project operating costs Increasing their effectiveness Protect people, infrastructure & the coastal environment Reduce storm & SLR impacts Take actions that reduce risks = Regionality Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 14
- 15. Regional Project Mgt. Coordination of dredge mobilizations Beneficial use of dredged material Interagency coordination Coastalshed Analysis CSPI prioritization Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 15
- 16. Beneficial Use Beneficial use of dredged materials Sand is a precious resource whose supply is not infinite We are wasting sand & money due to bad policies & practices regarding the disposal of sand dredged from inlets & channels Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 16
- 17. Regional Sediment Management Case Study Port of Oakland 50 Foot Deepening Project- 12 million cubic yards Middle Harbor Enhancement Area- 6 million cubic yards Hamilton Wetland Restoration- 2.5 million cubic yards Montezuma Wetland Restoration- 3 million cubic yards 17Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC
- 18. Coordination Coordinate Federal & State Regulatory Requirements Environmental Review Permitting Share information & expertise Incorporation of stakeholders interests Intergovernmental NGOs Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 18
- 19. Coastalshed Analysis: CSPI Prioritization Analyze resource need across coastalsheds Prioritize Project reliability Extent of resource risk Relationship between projects Risks Structures (Residential and Commercial) Environment & Habitat Infrastructure Critical Facilities (Hospitals, police, fire, etc.) Evacuation Routes Recreation Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 19
- 20. Coastalshed Analysis CSPI Prioritization Case Study Fenwick Island- Hurricane Sandy Beach project performed as expected Flooding mostly occurred from bay side Before After 20Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC
- 21. Implementing Regionality #1: Regional Alliance of States & other Stakeholders #2: Alternative Sources of Funding* * - an important subject for a separate presentation Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 21
- 22. Build New Partnerships Regional Alliance State governors & their water resource agencies Corps & Federal resource agencies Key stakeholders NGOs Private for-profits Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 22
- 23. Governors South Atlantic Alliance CZMA 23Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC
- 24. Incentives to Cooperate Common regional interests Needs Increasing + Oncoming Watershed Budgeting Inadequate Federal & State Funding Resources Collaborative action urgently needed Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 24
- 25. Thank You Charles Chesnutt U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Institute for Water Resources Charles.B.Chesnutt@usace.army.mil Howard Marlowe Alden Street Consulting, LLC howard.marlowe@aldenst.com Copyright © 2014 by Alden Street Consulting LLC 25
Editor's Notes
- 20 seconds
- Go over this very briefly – 30 seconds THE GOAL IS COASTAL RESILIUENCY IN THE FACE OF STORMS & SEA LEVEL RISE HOW DO WE ACHIEVE IT? CURRENT WATER RESOURCES PROCESS HAS SERIOUS FLAWS ONE-BY-ONE NOT ENOUGH $$ BENEFITS OF REGIONALITY AS AN ALTERNATIVE MODEL IMPLEMENTING REGIONALITY BASED ON REGIONAL STATE ALLIANCES
- CHARLES CHESNUTT 5 to 7 minutes
- HERE’S WHAT’S AT RISK Federal government & the States have a compelling need to protect these interests from harm. 40 seconds
- LET’S TALK ABOUT THE CONDITION OF OUR FEDERAL INLETS & SMALL HARBORS & OUR SHORE PROTECTION PROJECTS 10 seconds
- NAVIGATION 40 seconds Maintenance activities Sand/sediment resources; beneficial uses of sand Confined or Near Shore Sediment Disposal Commercial uses of non-compatible sand
- FLOOD & COASTAL STORM DAMAGE REDUCTION 60 seconds Not just erosion, but damages caused by wave inundation Not just sand nourishment but everything from seawalls & tide gates to wetlands & Natural & nature-based solution Regional/comprehensive plans Contingency planning Technical assistance to states for resiliency planning [GREEN & GRAY SOLUTIONS – ALL THE TOOLS IN THE TOOLBOX] State/local building codes & ordinances
- CSPI = Coastal Systems Portfolio Initiative 45 seconds IN THE FACE OF A DECLINING FEDERAL BUDGET, ONLY HALF OF OUR COSTAL NAVIGATION PROJECTS ARE IN GOOD TO MODERATE CONDITION http://cspi.usace.army.mil/ Tie in declining budget to the impacts on coastal projects or on how we are going to fix these projects. Good- 95% at half channel availability at maintained depth. Moderate- 75% at half channel availability at maintained depth. Poor- 50% at half channel availability at maintained depth. Failing- 25% at half channel availability at maintained depth. Failed- 0% at half channel availability at maintained depth.
- JUST OVER ONE-FOURTH OF OUR FEDERAL PROJECTS ARE IN GOOD TO INTERMEDIATE CONDITION 45 seconds Good- project is early in the renourishment cycle or is performing better than expected, or both. Intermediate- Project is midway through the renourishment cycle, or the project is performing worse than expected, or both. Poor- project is late in the renourishment cycle or below the design profile. Unconstructed- project reliability is not applicable. These projects have significant shore protection problems identified.
- WHAT CONTRIBUTES TO THE SORRY CONDITION OF OUR NATION’S COASTAL WATER RESOURCES? 60 seconds NOT VIEWED AS A NATIONAL PRIORITY – ALL OF WATER RESOURCES NOT ENOUGH FEDERAL FUNDING Has various water resources fighting each other for a diminishing pie PROJECT-BY-PROJECT APPROACH – you can’t have resilience for 10 miles on the north end, 10 miles on the south end but nothing going with the 5 miles in between YOU ALSO CAN’T INCORPORATE ALL THE TOOLS IN THE RESILIENCY TOOLBOX FROM PROJECTS TO BEST PRACTICES TO BETTER POLICIES
- This is the Civil Works Budget for Coastal storm protection projects. FY 15 is the presidents proposed budget. 30 seconds
- INEFFICIENT FEDERAL PROJECT DELIVERY MECHANISM 60 Seconds Piecemeal Planning & Implementation Staggered Dredge Mobilization and Demobilization Schedules. Discourages Beneficial Use. Projects Planned and Designed Individually with Little Consideration to Regional Implications. Lack of Needs-Based Project Prioritization (CSPI) PROJECT-BASED PLANNING IS THE OPPOSITE OF A SYSTEMS-BASED APPROACH SAGE Systems Approach to Geomorphic Engineering Take a comprehensive view of coastal changes & needs in order to use integrated methodologies for building coastal resiliency and adaptation. SAGE: Systems Approach to Geomorphologic Engineering (IN A MOMENT) Multi-agency NGO’s Academic community https://www.usc.edu/org/seagrant/research/CoastalHabitatWorshopFiles/Session%20VI%20Moving%20Forward%20Policy/Grandpre_16Nov11.pdf
- ALL THESE DOTS ARE FEDERAL COASTAL STORM DAMAGE REDUCTION PROJECTS THAT ARE EITHER CONSTRUCTED OR IN THE PLANNING STAGE 30 Seconds Plan a project Build a project Dredge to renourish the project
- WHAT ARE OUR POLICY ALTERNATIVES? 60 Seconds Option #1: Stay the Course Option #2: Make radical changes Reducing project operating costs Increasing their effectiveness Protect people, infrastructure & the coastal environment Reduce storm & SLR impacts Take actions that reduce risks & FIND ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF FUNDING
- REGIONAL PROJECT MANAGEMENT 50 Seconds Coordination of dredge mobilizations saves money makes better use of scarce sand resources enables a retreat from one-project-at-a-time thinking, planning, authorization & funding BY ONE FederalAGENCY Beneficial use of dredged material Interagency coordination Coastalshed Analysis CSPI prioritization
- BENEFICIAL USE 20 Seconds Beneficial use of dredged materials Sand is a precious resource whose supply is not infinite We are wasting sand & money due to bad policies & practices regarding the disposal of sand dredged from inlets & channels
- CASE STUDY OF BENEFICIAL USE 20 Seconds Nearly 100% of the sediment was beneficially used. Middle Harbor enhancement area wouldn’t have been constructed without beneficial use. It was the least cost disposal site. BUT -- Disposing of the sediment in the Middle Harbor Enhancement Area allowed the Corps to afford more costly beneficial use sites, including the Hamilton Wetland Restoration and Montezuma Wetland Restoration areas.
- COORDINATION 30 Seconds Reduce duplicative environmental reviews Streamline permitting process Share information refers to sharing data, expertise, resources, and experiences. Incorporate of stakeholders interests at all phases of the Regionality process, including design, maintenance, operation, budgeting, etc.
- COASTALSHED ANALYSIS 30 Seconds Holistic approach to prioritization Project reliability – HOW HAS IT PERFORMED? Extent of resource risk Relationship among needs & projects Risks Structures (Residential and Commercial) Environment & Habitat Infrastructure Critical Facilities (Hospitals, police, fire, etc.) Evacuation Routes Recreation
- CASE STUSY OF COASTALSHED ANALYSIS 15 Seconds The picture on the right is Fenwick Island after sandy. The one on the left is Fenwick prior to the storm. You can illustrate how bay side flooding occurs.
- Implementing Regionality 15 Seconds & MOVE TO NEXT SLIDE #1: Regional Alliance of States Inclusiveness of stakeholder interests #2: Alternative Sources of Funding* * - an important subject for a separate presentation
- Build New Partnerships 60 Seconds State governors & their water resource agencies Corps & Federal resource agencies Key stakeholders NGOs Private for-profits
- The seeds of the type of regional alliance we are discussing are already planted 15 Seconds
- Incentives to Cooperate 45 Seconds Common REGIONAL interests Needs Increasing + Watershed Budgeting Inadequate Federal & State Funding Resources Collaborative action urgently needed There are also disincentives and barriers