REDUCE IT Trial
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La doctora Regina Dalmau comenta los datos sobre reducción de eventos isquémicos con ácido EPA publicados en el REDUCE IT Trial.
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Dapagliflozin in Clinical Trial212.pptx
1. The diabtologist wished for an oral hypoglycemic agent that controls blood glucose without hypoglycemia.
2. He wished for it to be used as a first line drug or added to other commonly used drugs like metformin or insulin.
3. He wished for it to have significant cardiovascular benefits and minimal side effects.
4. The genie granted these wishes by presenting dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor that meets all the criteria wished for.
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The CREDENCE trial evaluated the effect of canagliflozin vs placebo on renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Over 2.6 years of follow up:
1) Canagliflozin reduced the composite outcome of end-stage kidney disease, doubling of serum creatinine, and renal or cardiovascular death by 30% compared to placebo.
2) Canagliflozin also reduced cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke or hospitalization for heart failure by 30% compared to placebo.
3) The trial demonstrated that canagliflozin provided renoprotective and cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease.
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This document discusses glucose-lowering therapies and the clinical place of SGLT2 inhibitor agents. It presents the case of a 52-year-old male patient with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. It analyzes adding empagliflozin or sitagliptin to the patient's current metformin regimen and reviews long-term trial data showing empagliflozin's superior effects on HbA1c reduction, weight loss, and hypoglycemia risk reduction compared to glimepiride. The document also discusses empagliflozin's benefits on blood pressure and potential cardioprotective mechanisms of action beyond glycemic control such as reducing cardiac fibrosis. It emphasizes the importance of individual
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This document discusses several clinical studies that compare the effects of different statin drugs on cardiovascular outcomes and the progression of atherosclerosis. The STELLAR study showed that rosuvastatin more effectively lowered LDL-C and raised HDL-C than other statins. Two real-world studies found that rosuvastatin use was associated with a 28-40% lower risk of cardiovascular events compared to other statins. The METEOR study found that rosuvastatin slowed the progression of atherosclerosis whereas the ENHANCE study found that ezetimibe added to simvastatin provided no benefit.
SGLT2 inhibitors
SGLT-2 inhibitors have shown promising cardiovascular and renal benefits:
1) Trials have found SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease, as well as reducing heart failure hospitalizations in those with diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors.
2) Studies also show SGLT-2 inhibitors improve outcomes for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, reducing rates of heart failure hospitalization and mortality regardless of diabetes status or background heart failure therapies.
3) SGLT-2 inhibitors were also found to reduce the risk of renal death or progression to end-stage kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and macroalbuminuria.
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This document discusses the challenges of managing diabetes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It notes that diabetes is a leading cause of CKD progression and that CKD increases mortality risk in diabetes patients. Managing glucose levels in CKD patients is difficult due to risks of hypoglycemia from insulin clearance issues and need to adjust oral medications for kidney function. The CARMELINA trial demonstrated the renal safety of the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin in high cardio-renal risk patients, showing no increase in sustained decrease in eGFR or other renal outcomes compared to placebo over 2 years.
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Dapagliflozin in Clinical Trial212.pptx
1. The diabtologist wished for an oral hypoglycemic agent that controls blood glucose without hypoglycemia.
2. He wished for it to be used as a first line drug or added to other commonly used drugs like metformin or insulin.
3. He wished for it to have significant cardiovascular benefits and minimal side effects.
4. The genie granted these wishes by presenting dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor that meets all the criteria wished for.
SGLT2 inhibitor trials
The CREDENCE trial evaluated the effect of canagliflozin vs placebo on renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Over 2.6 years of follow up:
1) Canagliflozin reduced the composite outcome of end-stage kidney disease, doubling of serum creatinine, and renal or cardiovascular death by 30% compared to placebo.
2) Canagliflozin also reduced cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke or hospitalization for heart failure by 30% compared to placebo.
3) The trial demonstrated that canagliflozin provided renoprotective and cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease.
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This document discusses glucose-lowering therapies and the clinical place of SGLT2 inhibitor agents. It presents the case of a 52-year-old male patient with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. It analyzes adding empagliflozin or sitagliptin to the patient's current metformin regimen and reviews long-term trial data showing empagliflozin's superior effects on HbA1c reduction, weight loss, and hypoglycemia risk reduction compared to glimepiride. The document also discusses empagliflozin's benefits on blood pressure and potential cardioprotective mechanisms of action beyond glycemic control such as reducing cardiac fibrosis. It emphasizes the importance of individual
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This document discusses several clinical studies that compare the effects of different statin drugs on cardiovascular outcomes and the progression of atherosclerosis. The STELLAR study showed that rosuvastatin more effectively lowered LDL-C and raised HDL-C than other statins. Two real-world studies found that rosuvastatin use was associated with a 28-40% lower risk of cardiovascular events compared to other statins. The METEOR study found that rosuvastatin slowed the progression of atherosclerosis whereas the ENHANCE study found that ezetimibe added to simvastatin provided no benefit.
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SGLT-2 inhibitors have shown promising cardiovascular and renal benefits:
1) Trials have found SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease, as well as reducing heart failure hospitalizations in those with diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors.
2) Studies also show SGLT-2 inhibitors improve outcomes for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, reducing rates of heart failure hospitalization and mortality regardless of diabetes status or background heart failure therapies.
3) SGLT-2 inhibitors were also found to reduce the risk of renal death or progression to end-stage kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and macroalbuminuria.
Carmelina
This document discusses the challenges of managing diabetes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It notes that diabetes is a leading cause of CKD progression and that CKD increases mortality risk in diabetes patients. Managing glucose levels in CKD patients is difficult due to risks of hypoglycemia from insulin clearance issues and need to adjust oral medications for kidney function. The CARMELINA trial demonstrated the renal safety of the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin in high cardio-renal risk patients, showing no increase in sustained decrease in eGFR or other renal outcomes compared to placebo over 2 years.
Improve it slides
1) The IMPROVE-IT trial investigated whether adding ezetimibe to simvastatin therapy provides additional cardiovascular benefit compared to simvastatin monotherapy in 18,144 high-risk patients who recently had an acute coronary syndrome.
2) Patients receiving ezetimibe/simvastatin had a lower rate of major cardiovascular events (32.7% vs 34.7%) over a median follow-up of 6 years, demonstrating the additional clinical benefit of further lowering LDL-C with ezetimibe.
3) Ezetimibe/simvastatin also reduced the rate of the composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke compared to
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1) The EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial evaluated the cardiovascular outcomes of empagliflozin compared to placebo in over 7000 patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of cardiovascular events.
2) Empagliflozin was found to significantly reduce the risk of the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke compared to placebo.
3) Additional benefits observed with empagliflozin included a significant reduction in all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and hospitalization for heart failure.
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This document discusses hypertension, also known as the "Dajal of the 21st century". It provides an overview of cardiovascular risks associated with increases in blood pressure. It then discusses approaches for managing hypertension, including lifestyle modifications and medical therapy. Specific antihypertensive drugs discussed include ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and thiazide diuretics. Nebivolol, a beta blocker with nitric oxide mediated vasodilation properties, is highlighted for its ability to improve endothelial function compared to other beta blockers.
Jupiter Slides translate
The JUPITER trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that investigated whether rosuvastatin 20 mg could decrease major cardiovascular events in apparently healthy people with elevated levels of C-reactive protein (hsCRP > 2 mg/L) but normal cholesterol levels (LDL < 130 mg/dL). The trial enrolled 17,802 participants across 26 countries who were randomized to rosuvastatin 20 mg or placebo. Rosuvastatin significantly reduced the primary endpoint of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, arterial revascularization procedures, or cardiovascular death by 44% compared to placebo. Rosuvastatin also significantly lowered levels of LDL cholesterol, hsCRP, and triglycerides
Dapagliflozin- a novel SGLT2 inhibitor
1) Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that works by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the kidney and increasing glucose excretion in the urine.
2) Studies have shown that dapagliflozin reduces HbA1c and body weight when used as monotherapy or as add-on therapy to other glucose-lowering medications, including metformin, sulfonylureas, pioglitazone, and insulin. Reductions in HbA1c were sustained over 102 weeks.
3) Common side effects of dapagliflozin include increased urinary tract and genital infections, as well
Transition study and Pioneer HF study
This document summarizes several studies related to sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696):
- The TRANSITION trial found that initiating sacubitril/valsartan in hospital shortly after stabilization from acute heart failure had similar safety outcomes as initiating post-discharge. About 50% of patients achieved the top dose within 10 weeks.
- The PIONEER-HF trial showed that among patients hospitalized for acute heart failure, sacubitril/valsartan led to a greater reduction in NT-proBNP levels at 8 weeks compared to enalapril, with similar rates of adverse events.
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EMPA-KIDNEY.pptx
The EMPA-KIDNEY trial aims to evaluate whether empagliflozin can benefit patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease outcomes in patients with or without diabetes. The trial plans to enroll approximately 6,000 patients with CKD at risk of kidney disease progression, defined as an eGFR of 20-45 mL/min/1.73 m2 or an eGFR of 45-90 mL/min/1.73 m2 with albuminuria above 200 mg/g. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive empagliflozin 10 mg daily or placebo daily in addition to standard of care. The primary outcome is a composite of cardiovascular death, end-stage kidney disease,
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This document discusses SGLT2 inhibitors as a treatment option for type 2 diabetes mellitus. It provides background on normal glucose homeostasis and the pathophysiology of hyperglycemia in diabetes. SGLT2 inhibitors work by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, causing it to be excreted in the urine. Clinical trial data shows SGLT2 inhibitors like dapagliflozin provide glycemic control as monotherapy or add-on therapy with other oral agents or insulin, with additional benefits of weight loss and blood pressure reduction. Long-term studies over 4 years show sustained glycemic control with dapagliflozin compared to other oral antidiabetic drugs.
Statin combinations
Statin combinations aim to address residual cardiovascular risk from atherogenic dyslipidemia. While lowering LDL cholesterol is important, the number of lipoprotein particles is a stronger determinant of risk. Fibrates may help when triglycerides are high and HDL is low despite statins. Ezetimibe can lower LDL further when at maximum statin dose. Niacin reduces non-HDL cholesterol and Lp(a), but failed outcome trials question its benefit. Lifestyle changes and drugs like aspirin and clopidogrel may provide additional benefits when added to statins. Ongoing research evaluates new agents for refractory hypercholesterolemia and statin intolerance.
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El Dr. Alfonso Valle Muñoz comenta los resultados del estudio con dapagliflozina en insuficiencia cardiaca, presentado en ESC Congress 2019.
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- The document discusses management strategies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), including recent updates.
- It summarizes key differences between Indian and Western HF patients, noting that Indians develop HF at a younger age and with lower ejection fractions. Prognosis is also worse for Indian patients compared to those in the West.
- Core therapies for HFrEF are discussed, including a paradigm shift with the approval of sacubitril-valsartan which has been shown to reduce cardiovascular death compared to ACE inhibitors or ARBs alone in clinical trials.
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The document summarizes key findings from the ADVANCE trial, the largest clinical trial in type 2 diabetes. The ADVANCE trial involved over 11,000 patients across 20 countries and found that intensive glycemic control using gliclazide modified release provided significant reductions in microvascular and macrovascular complications compared to standard care, including a 10% reduction in combined microvascular and macrovascular events. Intensive control with gliclazide MR also resulted in unique renal protection and the lowest rates of hypoglycemia compared to other major trials.
Dapagliflozin
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Role of beta blockers in the management of cardiovascular diseases
Beta-blockers play an important role in the management of cardiovascular diseases by reducing sympathetic nervous system activation, balancing myocardial oxygen supply and demand, increasing the threshold for ventricular fibrillation during ischemia, and reducing myocardial oxygen consumption. They are indicated for hypertension, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, and other conditions. Studies show beta-blockers reduce mortality and cardiovascular events in heart failure and post-myocardial infarction more than other drug classes.
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Hazte socio de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología
La Sociedad Española de Cardiología (SEC) es una organización científica sin ánimo de lucro con la misión de reducir el impacto adverso de las enfermedades cardiovasculares y promover una mejor salud cardiovascular en la ciudadanía.
Identificación del paciente con alto riesgo tras SCA reciente
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Improve it slides
1) The IMPROVE-IT trial investigated whether adding ezetimibe to simvastatin therapy provides additional cardiovascular benefit compared to simvastatin monotherapy in 18,144 high-risk patients who recently had an acute coronary syndrome.
2) Patients receiving ezetimibe/simvastatin had a lower rate of major cardiovascular events (32.7% vs 34.7%) over a median follow-up of 6 years, demonstrating the additional clinical benefit of further lowering LDL-C with ezetimibe.
3) Ezetimibe/simvastatin also reduced the rate of the composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke compared to
Empagliflozin and Cardiovascular Outcomes
1) The EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial evaluated the cardiovascular outcomes of empagliflozin compared to placebo in over 7000 patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of cardiovascular events.
2) Empagliflozin was found to significantly reduce the risk of the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke compared to placebo.
3) Additional benefits observed with empagliflozin included a significant reduction in all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and hospitalization for heart failure.
Role of statin and clopidogrel in atherothrombotic events
despite controversy the atorvastatin and clopiodgrel combination was found to be beneficial in reducing the MACE EVENTS on a large metanalysis
DAPT & Statin Fixed dose combination.pptx
Among patients with or at high risk of CVD, use of an FDC strategy for blood pressure, cholesterol, and platelet control vs usual care resulted in significantly improved medication adherence.Polypill therapy significantly improved adherence, SBP and LDL-cholesterol in high risk patients compared with usual care, especially among those who were under-treated at baseline.
DELIVER delivered 2022.pptx
#flozins
🫀DAPA 🆚placebo in HFpEF
Now we have a positive trial!
⬇️18% in CV☠️ death or
worsening HF among LVEF>40%
⬇️ 21%heart failure
💥Results same for LVEF> 60% 🆚LVEF<60%
Cardiovascular safety of anti-diabetic drugs.Cardiovascular Outcome Trials ...
Cardiologists and diabetes.Target organs and action mechanism of antidiabetic drugs.Cardiovascular Outcome Trials
( CVOTs ) in Diabetes.Completed and ongoing CVOTs in type 2 diabetes.Diabetes Medications
and
Cardiovascular Impact.Recommendations for management of diabetes
Cardiovascular safety of anti-diabetic drugs.
Nebil
This document discusses hypertension, also known as the "Dajal of the 21st century". It provides an overview of cardiovascular risks associated with increases in blood pressure. It then discusses approaches for managing hypertension, including lifestyle modifications and medical therapy. Specific antihypertensive drugs discussed include ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and thiazide diuretics. Nebivolol, a beta blocker with nitric oxide mediated vasodilation properties, is highlighted for its ability to improve endothelial function compared to other beta blockers.
Jupiter Slides translate
The JUPITER trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that investigated whether rosuvastatin 20 mg could decrease major cardiovascular events in apparently healthy people with elevated levels of C-reactive protein (hsCRP > 2 mg/L) but normal cholesterol levels (LDL < 130 mg/dL). The trial enrolled 17,802 participants across 26 countries who were randomized to rosuvastatin 20 mg or placebo. Rosuvastatin significantly reduced the primary endpoint of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, arterial revascularization procedures, or cardiovascular death by 44% compared to placebo. Rosuvastatin also significantly lowered levels of LDL cholesterol, hsCRP, and triglycerides
Dapagliflozin- a novel SGLT2 inhibitor
1) Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that works by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the kidney and increasing glucose excretion in the urine.
2) Studies have shown that dapagliflozin reduces HbA1c and body weight when used as monotherapy or as add-on therapy to other glucose-lowering medications, including metformin, sulfonylureas, pioglitazone, and insulin. Reductions in HbA1c were sustained over 102 weeks.
3) Common side effects of dapagliflozin include increased urinary tract and genital infections, as well
Transition study and Pioneer HF study
This document summarizes several studies related to sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696):
- The TRANSITION trial found that initiating sacubitril/valsartan in hospital shortly after stabilization from acute heart failure had similar safety outcomes as initiating post-discharge. About 50% of patients achieved the top dose within 10 weeks.
- The PIONEER-HF trial showed that among patients hospitalized for acute heart failure, sacubitril/valsartan led to a greater reduction in NT-proBNP levels at 8 weeks compared to enalapril, with similar rates of adverse events.
- The landmark PARADIGM-HF trial demonstrated that sacubitril
EMPA-KIDNEY.pptx
The EMPA-KIDNEY trial aims to evaluate whether empagliflozin can benefit patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease outcomes in patients with or without diabetes. The trial plans to enroll approximately 6,000 patients with CKD at risk of kidney disease progression, defined as an eGFR of 20-45 mL/min/1.73 m2 or an eGFR of 45-90 mL/min/1.73 m2 with albuminuria above 200 mg/g. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive empagliflozin 10 mg daily or placebo daily in addition to standard of care. The primary outcome is a composite of cardiovascular death, end-stage kidney disease,
Dapagliflozin
This document discusses SGLT2 inhibitors as a treatment option for type 2 diabetes mellitus. It provides background on normal glucose homeostasis and the pathophysiology of hyperglycemia in diabetes. SGLT2 inhibitors work by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, causing it to be excreted in the urine. Clinical trial data shows SGLT2 inhibitors like dapagliflozin provide glycemic control as monotherapy or add-on therapy with other oral agents or insulin, with additional benefits of weight loss and blood pressure reduction. Long-term studies over 4 years show sustained glycemic control with dapagliflozin compared to other oral antidiabetic drugs.
Statin combinations
Statin combinations aim to address residual cardiovascular risk from atherogenic dyslipidemia. While lowering LDL cholesterol is important, the number of lipoprotein particles is a stronger determinant of risk. Fibrates may help when triglycerides are high and HDL is low despite statins. Ezetimibe can lower LDL further when at maximum statin dose. Niacin reduces non-HDL cholesterol and Lp(a), but failed outcome trials question its benefit. Lifestyle changes and drugs like aspirin and clopidogrel may provide additional benefits when added to statins. Ongoing research evaluates new agents for refractory hypercholesterolemia and statin intolerance.
DAPA-HF Trial
El Dr. Alfonso Valle Muñoz comenta los resultados del estudio con dapagliflozina en insuficiencia cardiaca, presentado en ESC Congress 2019.
Management strategy in HF with ARNI - Recent updates
- The document discusses management strategies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), including recent updates.
- It summarizes key differences between Indian and Western HF patients, noting that Indians develop HF at a younger age and with lower ejection fractions. Prognosis is also worse for Indian patients compared to those in the West.
- Core therapies for HFrEF are discussed, including a paradigm shift with the approval of sacubitril-valsartan which has been shown to reduce cardiovascular death compared to ACE inhibitors or ARBs alone in clinical trials.
Role of Dapagliflozin in the management of Diabetes and prevention of cardiac...
Role of Dapagliflozin in the management of Diabetes and prevention of cardiac and renal complications
ueda2012 advance trial-d.salah
The document summarizes key findings from the ADVANCE trial, the largest clinical trial in type 2 diabetes. The ADVANCE trial involved over 11,000 patients across 20 countries and found that intensive glycemic control using gliclazide modified release provided significant reductions in microvascular and macrovascular complications compared to standard care, including a 10% reduction in combined microvascular and macrovascular events. Intensive control with gliclazide MR also resulted in unique renal protection and the lowest rates of hypoglycemia compared to other major trials.
Dapagliflozin
Dapagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor that has shown benefits in managing type 2 diabetes and reducing cardiovascular outcomes. The document summarizes results from several key studies on dapagliflozin. The DECLARE-TIMI trial showed that dapagliflozin reduced the risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure compared to placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes with high cardiovascular risk. The DAPA-HF trial found that dapagliflozin reduced the risks of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death compared to placebo in patients with heart failure regardless of diabetes status. Dapagliflozin also improved outcomes related to heart failure in the DEFINE-HF trial.
Role of beta blockers in the management of cardiovascular diseases
Beta-blockers play an important role in the management of cardiovascular diseases by reducing sympathetic nervous system activation, balancing myocardial oxygen supply and demand, increasing the threshold for ventricular fibrillation during ischemia, and reducing myocardial oxygen consumption. They are indicated for hypertension, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, and other conditions. Studies show beta-blockers reduce mortality and cardiovascular events in heart failure and post-myocardial infarction more than other drug classes.
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Recently uploaded
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...
By harnessing the power of High Flux Vacuum Membrane Distillation, Travis Hills from MN envisions a future where clean and safe drinking water is accessible to all, regardless of geographical location or economic status.
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
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Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
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Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart Agriculture
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Classification
Metal ion ion indicators
Masking and demasking reagents
Estimation of Magnisium sulphate
Calcium gluconate
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1.Direct Titration
2.Back Titration
3.Replacement Titration
4.Indirect Titration
Masking agent, Demasking agents
formation of complex
comparition between masking and demasking agents,
Indicators/Metal ion indicators/ Metallochromic indicators/pM indicators,
Visual Technique,PM indicators (metallochromic), Indicators of pH, Redox Indicators
Instrumental Techniques-Photometry
Potentiometry
Miscellaneous methods.
Complex titration with EDTA.
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8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
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Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
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(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
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Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
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Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
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aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
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8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
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GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 6) Chemistry of Proteins
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