The document summarizes key monetary policy rates in India as of April 2012 and April 2013 as published by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). It outlines the bank rate, repo rate, reverse repo rate, cash reserve ratio (CRR), statutory liquidity ratio (SLR), exchange rates of the Indian rupee against other currencies, and lending and deposit rates over this period. Many of these rates were lower in April 2013 compared to April 2012.
this is the presentation on repo & reverse repo (the repo & reverse repo rates are current rates which are given when this presentation was uploaded,the rates may change according)pls do not refer this rates as its fluctuating
What is RBI, Structure of RBI, Function of RBI(Traditional/Promotional/Supervisory), Economic Policies, Monetary Policies, CRR, SLR, RRR, LAF, MSF, OMOS
The Reserve Bank of India is India's Central Banking Institution, which controls the Monetary Policy of the Indian Rupee. It commenced its operations on 1 April 1935 during the British Rule in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. The original share capital was divided into shares of 100 each fully paid, which were initially owned entirely by private shareholders. Following India's independence on 15 - August - 1947, the RBI was nationalised in the year of 1 January 1949. In this PPT it covers all the RBI information.
Repo rate is the rate at which the central bank of a
country (Reserve Bank of India in case of India) lends
money to commercial banks in the event of any
a shortfall of funds. Repo rate is used by monetary
authorities to control inflation
this is the presentation on repo & reverse repo (the repo & reverse repo rates are current rates which are given when this presentation was uploaded,the rates may change according)pls do not refer this rates as its fluctuating
What is RBI, Structure of RBI, Function of RBI(Traditional/Promotional/Supervisory), Economic Policies, Monetary Policies, CRR, SLR, RRR, LAF, MSF, OMOS
The Reserve Bank of India is India's Central Banking Institution, which controls the Monetary Policy of the Indian Rupee. It commenced its operations on 1 April 1935 during the British Rule in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. The original share capital was divided into shares of 100 each fully paid, which were initially owned entirely by private shareholders. Following India's independence on 15 - August - 1947, the RBI was nationalised in the year of 1 January 1949. In this PPT it covers all the RBI information.
Repo rate is the rate at which the central bank of a
country (Reserve Bank of India in case of India) lends
money to commercial banks in the event of any
a shortfall of funds. Repo rate is used by monetary
authorities to control inflation
includes objectives of monetary policy and its importance and discussed different monetary instruments like bank rate, cash reserve ratio, statutary liquidity ratio, rationing of credit , moral suasion, repo rate, marginal requirement
.Monetary policy is the macroeconomic policy laid down by the central bank. It involves management of money supply and interest rate and is the demand side economic policy used by the government of a country to achieve macroeconomic objectives like inflation, consumption, growth and liquidity.
OBJECTIVES OF MONETARY POLICY
Full Employment
• Price Stability
• Economic Growth
• Balance of Payments
• Exchange Rate Stability
• Neutrality of Money
• Equal Income Distribution
Monetary Policy Definition
Fiscal Policy Definition
Difference between them
Inflation
Bank reserve ratio
Open market operation
Repo & Reserve repo rates
Cash reserve ratio
Statutory liquid ratio
Factors affecting
Impact
Limitation
MONETRY POLICY PPT IN THIS PPT EVERYTHING IS EXPLAIN ABOUT THE MONETRY POLICY TOPIC WISE EASILY LEARN AND EXPLAIND THE DATA IS TAKEN BY RESERVE BANK SITE OR WORLD BANK WEBSITE. YOU CAN EASILY UNDERSTAND HOW RBI WORKS .
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
5. LENDING/DEPOSIT RATES
Base Rate : 7.60% - 8.50%
Savings Bank Rate : 3.5%
Deposit Rate : 7.00%-8.00%
• Base Rate : 10.00%-10.75%
• Savings Bank Rate : -
• Deposit Rate : 8.50%-9.25%
6. • Bank rate, also referred to as the discount
rate, is the rate of interest which a central
bank charges on the loans and advances that
it extends to commercial banks and other
financial intermediaries. Changes in the bank
rate are often used by central banks to control
the Money supply
7. • Repo rate: Whenever the banks have any
shortage of funds they can borrow it from the
central bank. Repo rate is the rate at which
our banks borrow currency from the central
bank. A reduction in the repo rate will help
banks to get Money at a cheaper rate. When
the repo rate increases borrowing from the
central bank becomes more expensive. It is
more applicable when there is a liquidity
crunch in the market. In order to increase the
liquidity in the market, the central bank does
it.
8. • The Reverse repo rate is the rate at which the
banks park surplus funds with reserve
bank, while the Repo rate is the rate at which
the banks borrow from the central bank.It is
mostly done then,when there is surplus
liquidity in the market by the central bank.
9. • Difference between Bank Rate and Repo Rate
• While repo rate is an automatic tax, i.e.
applicable to short-term loans and used for
controlling the amount of money in the
market, bank rate is a long-term measure and
is governed by the long-term monetary
policies of the governing bank concerned.
10. • A bank rate is the interest rate that is charged
by a country’s central or federal bank on loans
and advances to control money supply in the
economy and the banking sector. This is
typically done on a quarterly basis to control
inflation and stabilize the country’s exchange
rates. A fluctuation in bank rates triggers a
ripple-effect as it impacts every sphere of a
country’s economy. For instance, the prices in
stock markets tend to react to interest rate
changes. A change in bank rates affects
customers as it influences prime interest rates
for personal loans
11. • What is Bank rate? Bank Rate is the rate at
which central bank of the country (in India it
is RBI) extends credit to commercial banks.
Bank Rate is a tool, which central bank uses
for short-term purposes. Any upward revision
in Bank Rate by central bank is an indication
that banks should also increase deposit rates
as well as Prime Lending Rates. This any
revision in the Bank rate indicates could mean
more or less interest on your deposits and
also an increase or decrease in your EMI.
12. • Repo (Repurchase) Rate
• Repo rate is the rate at which banks borrow
funds from the RBI to meet the gap between
the demand they are facing for money (loans)
and how much they have on hand to lend.
• If the RBI wants to make it more expensive for
the banks to borrow money, it increases the
repo rate; similarly, if it wants to make it
cheaper for banks to borrow money, it
reduces the repo rate.
13. • Reverse Repo Rate
• This is the exact opposite of repo rate.
• The rate at which RBI borrows money from the banks (or
banks lend money to the RBI) is termed the reverse repo rate.
The RBI uses this tool when it feels there is too much money
floating in the banking system
• If the reverse repo rate is increased, it means the RBI will
borrow money from the bank and offer them a lucrative rate
of interest. As a result, banks would prefer to keep their
money with the RBI (which is absolutely risk free) instead of
lending it out (this option comes with a certain amount of
risk)
• Consequently, banks would have lesser funds to lend to their
customers. This helps stem the flow of excess money into the
economy
14. • Reverse repo rate signifies the rate
at which the central bank absorbs
liquidity from the banks, while repo
signifies the rate at which liquidity
is injected
15. • Bank Rate
• This is the rate at which RBI lends money to other
banks (or financial institutions ).
• The bank rate signals the central bank’s long-term
outlook on interest rates. If the bank rate moves
up, long-term interest rates also tend to move
up, and vice-versa.
• Banks make a profit by borrowing at a lower rate and
lending the same funds at a higher rate of interest. If
the RBI hikes the bank rate (this is currently 6 per
cent), the interest that a bank pays for borrowing
money (banks borrow money either from each other
or from the RBI) increases. It, in turn, hikes its own
lending rates to ensure it continues to make a profit.
16. • Call Rate
• Call rate is the interest rate paid by the banks
for lending and borrowing for daily fund
requirement. Si nce banks need funds on a
daily basis, they lend to and borrow from
other banks according to their daily or short-
term requirements on a regular basis.
17. • CRR
• Also called the cash reserve ratio, refers to a
portion of deposits (as cash) which banks have
to keep/maintain with the RBI. This serves two
purposes. It ensures that a portion of bank
deposits is totally risk-free and secondly it
enables that RBI control liquidity in the
system, and thereby, inflation by tying their
hands in lending money