This document discusses quality control tests for tablets, including diffusion, osmosis, hardness, and weight variation. It describes diffusion as the movement of substances from high to low concentration. Osmosis is defined as the movement of solvent molecules through a selectively permeable membrane. Hardness tests involve measuring the load to crush tablets and factors like compressive force and binders. Weight variation tests weigh 20 tablets to check for deviations from the average weight within specified limits based on tablet weight. Methods and equipment for hardness tests, like Pfizer and Monsento hardness testers, are also outlined.

1. Quality control test for tablets
By- Prof. Ankita Raikwar
SAM Global University

2. Diffusion
 Diffusion is the net movement of
anything (for example, atoms, ions,
molecules, energy) generally from a
region of higher concentration to a
region of lower concentration.

4. Osmosis
 Osmosis - movement
or diffusion of solvent molecules
through a selectively-permeable
membrane from a region of high water
potential (region of
lower solute concentration) to a region
of low water potential (region of higher
solute concentration)

5.  Osmosis is a vital process in biological
systems, as biological membranes ,
these membranes are impermeable to
large and polar molecules, such
as ions, proteins,
and polysaccharides, while being
permeable to non-polar
or hydrophobic molecules like lipids as
well as to small molecules like oxygen,
carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and nitric
oxide.

7. Hardness
 Load required to crush tablet when
placed on its edge
 Why?
-to determine need for pressure
adjustment on tablet machine.
-to understand disintergration time

8.  10 tablets
 Limit- 4-6 Kg (1Kg- 10 N)
 Factors affecting hardness-
compressive force
-amount of binder
-method of granulation

9. 1.Hardness apparatus- Pfizer
 A handy tough and direct dial reading
type tablet hardness tester working as
pair of plairs generates breaking force
in single grip.
This tablet hardness tester offers
accurate and reproducible results
much faster other conventional
hardness testers.
Accuracy : ±0.2kg Least Count : 0.2Kg

10.  Safe testing Force : 20kg
Maximum Tablet Diameter : 25mm

11. 2.Hardness apparatus-
Monsento
 Hold the Tablet between the jaw and
nozzle in edgewise position.
 Adjust the Scale (by sliding), so that
the zero on the Scale coincides with
the pointer.
 Turn the screw knob slowly till the
tablet breaks.
 The pressure indicated on the dial is in
Kilogram per sq. cm.

13. Weight variation
 20 tablets
 Weigh 20 tablets randomly
 Determine average weight
 Limit- NMT 2 of in’1=dividual weights
deviate from the average weight, by more
than % deviation given below & none
deviates by more than twice that %.
Wt. Of tablet % deviation
<180 mg ±10%
80-250 mg ±7.5%
250 mg< ±5%

14.  https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/tabl
et-hardness-tester-pfizer-type-
2387710797.html
 https://www.slideshare.net/mallikarjunvas
m/quality-control-tests-for-
tablets?qid=0555e3fa-cc69-4b49-871d-
b09698e9cee1&v=&b=&from_search=1
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmosis
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/che
mistry/diffusion#:~:text=Diffusion%20is%
20defined%20as%20the,of%20lower%2
0concentration%20%5B34%5D.