Hshshshshsisuayatsyudjoansgdusojsbsoanahdidjshahsosjejeowoqjwjjjjksoss

1. FORMATION
OF
MEANING

2. At the end of this session, you
are expected to:
1. Critique one’s choice of
language based on in-
depth analysis of several
contexts.

3. 2. Demonstrate appropriate
language form.
3. Explain the factors that
affect listeners’ formation
of meaning.

4. Have you experienced that
your speech utterance is
misconstrued by your
listeners or your message is
interpreted in different
contexts?

5. Well, these are the
common reasons why our
message loses its meaning.

6. So let’s understand the
complexities of conversations
and how form and context
changes it.

7. There is an adage commonly
thrown around that says,
“meanings are in
people”.

8. This denotes that a word or
statement does not have an
inherent or fixed
meaning.

9. Rather, the meaning depends
on the interpretation of the
person who
hears such a word or
statement.

10. Or the interpretation depends
on the listener’s
beliefs, previous experiences,
or background because no
two persons can have
similar beliefs or
experiences.

13. When we are asked to do
public speaking, the most
common questions are:
 What is the occasion?
 Who are my audience?
 What is the purpose of my
speech?

14.  Knowing your topic is the
initial step to communicate
your point of view.

15.  Knowing your audience
allows you to emphasize
certain details or ideas
within your topic that is
relevant to your audience.

16.  Knowing the intent of your
speech gives you the
motivation to really connect
to your audience

17. As we have learned,
COMMUNICATION,
involves:
SENDER
RECEIVER

19. The sender communicates the
message with the goal of
delivering the message
clearly.

20. The receiver who receives it
will also have the goal of
interpreting the content the
way the sender delivers the
message.

21. The concept of understanding
the message imposes the role
of the sender in being
mindful of his words and
fitting the context of his
message to the type of
audience he has.

22. As to the receiver, he must
also consider what form of
language the speaker intends
to communicate.

23. Whether the speaker :
 intend to impose a command?
 want to show his authority?
 Whatever the intentions are, it
will only show that the
message implies a purpose.

24. FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE
LISTENERS’ FORMATION OF
MEANING

25. 1. LANGUAGE FORM
The kind of language used by a
speaker is important in
establishing a connection with
his/her audience.

26. The greater the familiarity of the
audience to the language or
words used, the better the
connection.

27. Bygates (2010) explains that
limitations in understanding of
the text or message can be a
reason for conflict and
misunderstanding.

28. He emphasized that often, we
think that we sent a message in a
complete and self-sufficient way,
so we assume we are perfectly
understood by our intended
listeners only to realize later that
we are not.

29. As a result, we could come
across as arrogant, mean, and
obscure because our message
lacks explicitness.

30. THREE KINDS OF
SENTENCE MEANINGS TO
HELP LISTENERS
UNDERSTAND THE FORMS
AND STRUCTURE
(BYGATE - 2010)

31. Communicative Function
Which deals with the ability of
the host to use the punctuations
properly such as how
interrogatives are formed, how
to complain, ask or apologize.

32. Specific Meaning
Speaks about how the host
used the language to deliver
his ideas and opinions.

33. Social Context
Refers to the manner of
conversing whether it be
making connections or
exchanging ideas.

34. 2. DURATION OF INTERACTION
Duration or time factor is crucial
in sustaining the interaction
between the speaker and the
listener.

35. If the listener is a supporter of
the speaker, then the former has
high chances of staying until the
latter finishes the message’s
delivery.

36. But if the listener is a critic,
he/she may not have the
patience to stay until the end.

37. Important Reminder:
When you do the public
speaking, keep your message
simple, brief, precise and
determine only the important
points and give examples for
each point.

38. 3. RELATIONSHIP OF SPEAKER
The nature of the relationship
between the speaker and the
listener determines the kind of
interaction would transpire.

42. 4. ROLE OF THE SPEAKER
The speaker’s purpose in an
interaction allows the listener to
assess whether the exchange of
information is worthwhile.

43. The speaker must determine his
purpose and role in
administering the speech.

44. He needs to understand his
topic, its essence, and its impact
on the audience.

45. 5. Delivery
The manner by which the
message is delivered affects the
formation of meaning.

46. “The medium is the message,”
(McLuhan in (Carr, 2010)
McLuhan alludes to the
importance of message delivery.
The medium can be as powerful,
if not more powerful, than the
content.

47. 6. Message
brought to life by how the
speaker delivers it. A topic or
the content in itself may be
compelling, but it needs human
emotion to draw out a reaction
from its audience.

48. "In the modern era,
smartphones have
become ubiquitous,
permeating every
facet of daily life."

49. "The pernicious
influence of
misinformation on social
media has far-reaching
consequences,
undermining the
foundation of informed

50. Thank you