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Blast of rice. It's type and disease. Blast of rice. It's type and disease. Blast of rice. It's type and disease. Blast of rice. It's type and disease. Blast of rice. It's type and disease. Blast of rice. It's type and disease.
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Blast of rice
This document provides information about blast disease of rice, including its history, symptoms, causal pathogen, disease cycle, and management strategies. It notes that blast disease was first seen in Japan in 1704 and caused 75% loss in Tanjavur, India in 1913. Symptoms include water-soaked lesions on all plant parts except roots. The pathogen is Pyricularia oryzae, which can survive for 1-2 years in plant residues and weeds. Disease management involves using healthy seed, seed treatment, removing weeds, balanced fertilization, and fungicide sprays at tillering and flowering stages. Resistant varieties include IR-64, Pant Dhan-16, and Pant Dhan Sank
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This document discusses rice blast, a fungal disease of rice. It provides details on the history, symptoms, causative organism, disease cycle and management of rice blast. Rice blast was first recorded in Japan in 1704 and in India in 1913. It is caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae. Symptoms include small, boat-shaped lesions on leaves, stems and neck that can cause blighting or rot. The fungus survives in plant debris and can overwinter in weeds. Management includes using healthy seed, seed treatment, removal of weeds, balanced fertilization and fungicide sprays at tillering and flowering stages. Resistant rice varieties are also recommended.
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1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
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3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
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2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
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SIGNIFICANCE
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
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12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
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Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
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Q rice-Sanu kumari-2.pptx
- 1. Blast of rice Presented by: Sanu Kumari MSc: 4th semester Department of Botany
- 2. BLAST OF RICE • 1704 - Seen in Japan • 1913 – Tanjavur by Butler • Loss – 75% • Symptoms: • All parts except root infected • Appeared in Nursery • Boat Shaped water soaked spots of > 0.5 mm long
- 3. • Corner of spot – dark brown red • Middle – white grey / ash color • Spots enlarge & collapse – leaf blightning • Neck Infection / Neck Rot Phase (most dangerous) • Black grey mycelium on the neck • No grain formation/ partial formation
- 13. Pathogen – Pyricularia oryzae P. grisea (Imperfect stage) Magnaporthe grisea (Perfect stage) • Survive in seed & plant residues • Mycelium survive in puwal – 1-2 years • Survive on weeds – Penicum repens, Digitaria marginata • R. H. – 90% • Tem. – 20-25° C
- 14. Systemic Position Kingdom Division Sub division – Class Order Family Genus Species – – – – - – Mycota/ Fungi – Eumycota Deuteromycotina Hypomycetes Hypomycetales Dematiaceae Pyricularia grisea
- 15. Conidia of Pyricularia gresia
- 16. • Reproductive structures - (1) Conidia – Pear shaped with 2 septa (2) Chlamydospore (3) Sclerotium • Toxin - (1) Pyricularin (2) ά– Picolinic acid • Enzyme - (1). Pectinolytic enzyme
- 17. Disease cycle
- 18. Disease Management • Use healthy seed • Seed treatment – Tricyclazole or Beam 75 WP - @ 4 gm/ kg seed • Removal of weeds • Use balance fertilizers – no heavy use of N2 • Spray - (i). Beam @ 6 gm/litre or (ii). Bavistin – 0.1 % First spray - tillering stage IIend spray – flowering stage (iii). Contaf – 0.2 % • Dis. Res. Var. - IR- 64, Pant Dhan-16, Pant Dhan Sankar - 1
- 19. T h a n k Y o u