Pythagoras, born around 582 BC on the Greek island of Samos, is often regarded as the first 'real' mathematician, known primarily for the Pythagorean theorem and his contributions to mathematics and music through his school in Crotone, Italy. His teachings also involved strict lifestyle rules, the exploration of mystical numbers like the pentad and tetractys, and the belief in a solar system consisting of concentric spheres. However, much about his actual mathematical work remains unknown.

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 He was born on the Greek island
of Samos around 582 BC and
died in Mesopotamia around 496
BC
 He’s often portrayed as the firt
„real” mathematician
 Pythagoras is a very important
person who contributed to the
development of mathematics,
although in essence we know very
little about his mathematical work
 A studend of Thales

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Pythagorean school
 Pythagoreans are people who study and follow
Pythagoras teachings
 After leaving his home island of Samos,
Pythagoras founded a school in the southern
Italian city of Crotone
 The school almost had a character of some kind
of religious sect, which had strict rules about the
lifestyle, diet and dresscode and required an
obligation to study mathematics, music and
medical skills
• Pythagoras himself was credited with discovering
secret numbers and the connection between the
structure of numbers and numerical relations with
structures in music and space

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Pythagorean theorem
 One of the basic theorems which says:the
area of ​​the square over the hypotenuse of a
right triangle is equal to the sum of the
areas of the square over the cathetus’
 formula: c2 = a2 + b2
Representation of the theorem:
the square with the side of the
hypotenuse of the triangle (c) is equal
in area to the sum of the squares with
the sides of the triangle (a, b)

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Platonic solids
 Five platonic solids in
geometry
 It is considered that
Pythagoras was able to
construct the first three
platonic solids, but the
last two he couldn’t

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They believed that the
solar system consists of
ten concentric spheres
orbiting a central fire

7. z  Pentad or the number five is one of
the holy numbers
 It simbolizes the five physical
elements: earth, water, fire, air and
space
 The symbol of Pentad is
Pentagram, a five-pointed star that
is formed by drawing a continuous
line in five straight segments, often
used as a mystic and magical
symbol
 They also called it a Pentalpha-a
star-shaped figure formed by
extending the sides of a regular
pentagram to meet at five points

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 Ten is also a holy number
 Tetractys – the triangular
figurative number they worshiped
 4+3+2+1=10 – all relevant
numbers up to five participate in
the creation of the Decade

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