Basics Fundamentals and working Principle of Centrifugal Pump.SHASHI BHUSHAN
Basics Fundamentals and working Principle of Centrifugal Pump. Centrifugal pumps are the rotodynamic machines that convert mechanical energy of shaft into kinetic and pressure energy of Fluid which may be used to raise the level of fluid. A centrifugal pump is named so, because the energy added by the impeller to the fluid is largely due to centrifugal effects.
Basics Fundamentals and working Principle of Centrifugal Pump.SHASHI BHUSHAN
Basics Fundamentals and working Principle of Centrifugal Pump. Centrifugal pumps are the rotodynamic machines that convert mechanical energy of shaft into kinetic and pressure energy of Fluid which may be used to raise the level of fluid. A centrifugal pump is named so, because the energy added by the impeller to the fluid is largely due to centrifugal effects.
This lecture is all about the pumps, its components, need of pumping system, pumping system environment, classification of pump, pump characteristic curve, pump selection, affinity laws for pumps, and power requirement for pump.
in industries like iron and glass the fluid for hydraulic machines are delivered by multistage pumps. this is the basic introduction for clearing the concept of multi stage pumps.
The hydraulic machines which convert the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy are called pumps.”
“If the mechanical energy is converted into pressure energy or kinetic energy by means of centrifugal force
acting on the fluid, the hydraulic machine is called Centrifugal pump.”
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
This lecture is all about the pumps, its components, need of pumping system, pumping system environment, classification of pump, pump characteristic curve, pump selection, affinity laws for pumps, and power requirement for pump.
in industries like iron and glass the fluid for hydraulic machines are delivered by multistage pumps. this is the basic introduction for clearing the concept of multi stage pumps.
The hydraulic machines which convert the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy are called pumps.”
“If the mechanical energy is converted into pressure energy or kinetic energy by means of centrifugal force
acting on the fluid, the hydraulic machine is called Centrifugal pump.”
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
3. Pumps: Introduction
(the pump moves fluid)
• Pumps operate and consume energy to perform
mechanical work moving the fluid.
• Pumps operate via many energy sources, including
manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power.
4. Work done by the pump is found by
setting energy balance equation
Energy required for pumping liquid/gases depends on:
1. Height through which the fluid is raised.
2. The pressure required @ delivery point.
3. The length & diameter of the pipe
4. The flow rate
5. Physical properties of the fluid, e.g viscosity &
density
5. Static Suction Lift
• Suction head: Show static heads in a pumping system where
the pump is located above the suction tank.
6. • SUCTION HEAD (or static suction lift) exists when the
source of supply is below the center line of the pump.
Static Suction Lift
7. Suction head
SUCTION HEAD exists when the source of supply is above the centerline of the pump. Thus the
STATIC SUCTION HEAD is the vertical distance from the centerline of the pump to the free level of
the liquid to be pumped.
8. Head section
STATIC DISCHARGE HEAD is the vertical distance
between the pump centerline and the level of the
liquid in the discharge tank.
TOTAL STATIC HEAD is the vertical distance between the
free level of the liquid in the inlet tank and the level of
the liquid in the discharge tank.
FRICTION HEAD (hf) is the head required to overcome
friction as fluid flows in the pipe and fittings. It depends
on the size, condition and type of pipe, the number and
type of pipe fittings, the flow rate and the nature of the
liquid.
10. Head section
• VELOCITY HEAD (hv) is the energy of the fluid. It is the height that a
liquid must reach to reach a given velocity.
or in other words, the head necessary to accelerate the liquid.
Velocity head can be calculated.
• The velocity head is usually insignificant and can be ignored in most
high head systems. However, it can be a large factor and must be
considered in low head systems.
11. Head section
• PRESSURE HEAD must be considered when a pumping system begins
or ends in a tank that is under a pressure that is different from
atmospheric pressure.
• The above forms of head, namely static, friction, velocity, and
pressure, are combined to form the total system head for a given flow
rate.
12. Head section
• TOTAL DYNAMIC SUCTION LIFT (hs) is the sum of:
- Static suction lift or head
- Friction head in the suction pipe
• TOTAL DYNAMIC DISCHARGE HEAD (hd) is the static discharge head
plus the friction head in the discharge pipe.
13. Head section
• TOTAL HEAD (H) or TOTAL Dynamic HEAD (TDH) is the total dynamic
discharge head plus or minus the total dynamic suction head or
• TDH = hd + hs (with a suction lift)
• TDH = hd - hs (with a suction head)
• TDH is the work the pump must do in order to lift the water to the
desired height.
14. The characteristic curves of centrifugal pumps plot
the following parameters against the flow rate (Q):
- The head (H) (see H/Q curve),
- The power input (P),
- The pump efficiency (η)
- The NPSHr, i.e. the NPSH required by the pump.
Pump Performance Curve
15. Pump Performance Curve
Four curves:
1. Head Vs flow curve (H-Q
Curve)
2. Efficiency curve
3. Power or Energy curve
4. NPSH required curve
16. Pump Performance Curve
From the above Figure
Head Vs flow curve (H-Q Curve): From point A to point B, the head
will be decreased with an increase in the flow rate.
Efficiency curve: initially the pump efficiency will increase and reach a
maximum and then decreasing with increasing flow rate. Point C
(maximum efficiency) is called BEP (best efficiency point).
Normally, you should operate the pump within 10% range from BEP
to avoid damage the pump impeller and seal.
When you select the pump, you have to choose the head and flow
rate within this range.
17. Power or Energy curve: with the increase in head and flow rate, the
power consumption will also increase (this means when the pump
has to do more work, it needs more power).
NPSH required curve : Net positive suction head at the pump suction
is necessary to prevent cavitation in pump. The NPSH requirement
will increase with increasing the flow rate (This is like more liquid with
a higher head has to enter the pump when you push more liquid out).
Pump Performance Curve
18. Pump Performance Curve
This chart is used to select a
pump.
The pump speed is constant
and the diameter is fixed.
19. • Example: You want a pump with 30 meters head and 16 L/s flow rate. You want your pump
to run with best efficiency to save running and maintenance cost.
Pump Performance Curve
If you select an impeller wit a diameter of
around 145 mm and 5 kW motor will
achieve your requirements.
20. Pump Performance Curve
• Increasing the impeller diameter or speed increases the head, flow
rate capacity and and power consumption.
• The head capacity or the flow rate capacity can be increased by
connecting two or more pumps in parallel.
21. Pump suction performance (NPSH)
What is cavitation of pump?
Cavitation occurs when the liquid in a pump turns to a vapour at low pressure. It occurs
because there is not enough pressure at the suction side of the pump, or insufficient Net
Positive Suction Head available (NPSH). When cavitation happens, vapour cavites or
bubbles appear along the impeller vanes just behind the inlet edges.
22. Pump suction performance (NPSH)
Cavitation has three undesirable effects:
1) The cavitation bubbles can corrode the vane surface, especially
when pumping water-based liquids.
23. Pump suction performance (NPSH)
• 2) Noise and vibration are increased.
• 3) Reduction of the pump performance.
24. Pump suction performance (NPSH)
• NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head) is a minimum pressure head that
we need to prevent cavitation on the suction side of a centrifugal
pump
25. Do not under-estimate the consequence of
cavitation.
• Avoid cavitation in centrifugal pumps.
26. How to prevent cavitation due to vaporization
Required NPSHr
Or
1. Lower the temperature.
2. Raise the liquid level in the suction vessel.
3. Change the pump.
4. Reduce motor rpm if possible.
5. Increase the diameter of the eye of the impeller.
6. Use an impeller inducer.
7. Use two lower capacity pumps in parallel.
8. Use a booster pump to feed the principal pump.