This document discusses the roles and responsibilities of different actors in early warning systems for natural disasters. It argues that while technologies like telecommunications can help disseminate warnings, multiple organizational challenges must be addressed. Effectively completing the early warning chain requires that responsibilities are clearly defined for government agencies to issue warnings, telecom operators to transmit them, first responders to coordinate evacuations, and community groups to ensure local preparedness. Communities also need emergency response plans that are regularly updated and tested through training simulations. While new technologies are important, a holistic approach is needed to maximize lives and livelihoods saved from disasters.
MG Stephen Gross (USAFR) NEER IPT Chair Deputy Director Deloitte & Touche Center for Cyber Innovation Using a Cloud Computing Model to Establish Net-Enabled Emergency Response (NEER) Core Services
MG Stephen Gross (USAFR) NEER IPT Chair Deputy Director Deloitte & Touche Center for Cyber Innovation Using a Cloud Computing Model to Establish Net-Enabled Emergency Response (NEER) Core Services
Collaborative mapping is the crucial need in any rescue and relief operation. Our recent experience lead us to focus the research on the development of a unique platform [web and mobile] that allows different levels of geolocated information sharing, on a “user permissions” base [anonymus user, registered user level 1, ….]. Our approach is to use the solutions that are free and open [such as Google Maps, Google Earth, Google 3d, Ushahidi, OpenStreetMap, or Android apps for route tracking] and to develop a stable tool through the integration of diverse solutions ensuring a high level of sharing and collaboration among different players.
Web and mobile emergency networks to real-time information and geodata management.
Authors: DI LOLLI - LANFRANCO - LOMBARDO - RAPISARDI
VVF TAS Torino | Università di Torino | NatRisk | Open Resilience
ET02 - Meetings
Orario 09.30 – 12.00
Sala AVORIO
HOSTED
EASY RIDER PROJECT
Achieving a sustainable and safe mobility trough the integration of vehicles and infrastructures
A cura del CENTRO RICERCHE FIAT
Small, Dumb, ¬¬Cheap, and Copious – the Future of the Internet of Things,
Abstract
Over the next decade, billions of interconnected devices will be monitoring and responding to transportation systems, factories, farms, forests, utilities, soil and weather conditions, oceans, and other resources.
The unique characteristic that the majority of these otherwise incredibly diverse Internet of Things (IOT) devices will share is that they will be too small, too dumb, too cheap, and too copious to use traditional networking protocols such as IPv6.
For the same reasons, this tidal wave of IOT devices cannot be controlled by existing operational techniques and tools. Instead, lessons from Nature’s massive scale will guide a new architecture for the IOT.
Taking cues from Nature, and in collaboration with our OEM licensees, MeshDynamics is extending concepts outlined in the book “Rethinking the Internet of Things” to real-world problems of supporting “smart: secure and scalable” IOT Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communities at the edge.
Simple devices, speaking simply
Today companies view the IOT as an extension of current networking protocols and practices. But those on the front lines of the Industrial Internet of Things are seeing problems already:
“While much of the ink spilled today is about evolutionary improvements using modern IT technologies to address traditional operational technology concerns, the real business impact will be to expand our horizon of addressable concerns. Traditional operational technology has focused on process correctness and safety; traditional IT has focused on time to market and, as a recent concern, security. Both disciplines have developed in a world of relative scarcity, with perhaps hundreds of devices interconnected to perform specific tasks. The future, however, points toward billions of devices and tasks that change by the millisecond under autonomous control, and are so distributed they cannot be tracked by any individual. Our existing processes for ensuring safety, security and management break down when faced with such scale. Stimulating the redevelopment of our technologies for this new world is a focal point for the Industrial Internet Consortium.”
Ambient Intelligence and City of Tomorrow : My Vision for services and uses of a connected city.
February 2013
A city is a place where human beings gather to meet their daily needs of life.
A city is a place of life and it is itself alive. A city develops itself over time, A city grows and becomes more complex.
In the city there are multiplicities of needs: uses, services, flows, which are diversified: housing, education, mobility, culture, health, environment, safety, energy, waste management, communication …
Each city is changing in its own context and at its own pace. Those are themselves diverse and evolving. Contexts can be of different natures: cultural, geopolitical, historical, religious, human…
Those contexts also shape many of the city’s characteristics.
In any case, vital human needs are to be met. Indeed, mankind always looks to meet new needs to ensure a better quality of life, a better comfort and progress.
In our vision, our cities, in fact are Complex Systems… The City will go towards transverse, open, scalable, adaptive ecosystems, allowing mankind to blossom.
Why is a city a complex system?
Because a city is alive, A city, like any living, changes over time.
The city we know today will not be the city of tomorrow and it is different from yesterday’s.
The city has a metabolism and many rich ecosystems. The city is very heterogeneous. Like any complex system, we never have a global view of how it evolves. The city is fragile and must adapt to changes all the time.
For us, the city must be described as complex systems with a decomposition into many systems, many subsystems and many components. Their interactions dictate their dynamics, their global behavior, their actions now and in the future.
Therefore, urban planning is limited by the own nature of its complexity.
In any complex system, its development is driven by the action of two vectors: necessity and chance.
In the city, needs are uses and functions, chance is hazard and risk.
In the city these vectors of complexity are constantly present and growing. The city is in permanent movement; In fact, the city is fragile, very fragile. Fragility is one of its features
At any time and everywhere in the city many unexpected events of all kind are happening. They demand us to react. They can also be very seriously affecting lives, practices and services.
Resilience is the major key to ensure continuity of services in the city during time of crisis.
In our vision, city has to adapt, learn, grow, be strong, independent, self repairing, and self breeding.
In our vision, in order to develop the city and manage this complexity, new paradigms and news practices are needed. For us AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE is the paradigm.
http://www.moreno-web.net/ambiant-intelligence-and-city-of-tomorrow/
Hurricane Sandy / Waldo Canyon Fire - Considerations for WiFi NetworksRakesh Bharania
Based on recent disasters in the US, technology teams should prefer the use of wired networks for mission critical communications when wireless spectrum is congested.
This presentation was made at the Nasscom Tech Series Big Data event held in Chennai on 06-Feb-2013 and was made by Somjit Amrit, the Chief Business Officer for Technosoft Corporation
In this presentation Somjit makes the case for why historically Business and IT haven't gone together hand in hand and goes on to state that Big Data could be what brings them together. He also emphasizes the importance of Big Data in addressing the fourth V namely Veracity (the others being Velocity, Volume and Variety).
Road traffic jam becomes a serious issue for highly crowded metropolitan cities. India is that the
second most populated country within the world and may be a fast growing economy. it's facing terrible road
congestion within the cities. consistent with Times of India about 30 percent of deaths are caused thanks to delayed
ambulance to succeed in at hospital. In proposed system we try to scale back the delay for the ambulance. To
smoothen the ambulance movement, we come up with “Auto Traffic Management System”. We try to supply the
green signals for ambulance by switching the signals. We are getting to use the technologies like RFIDs. Whenever
signal detects the ambulance almost signal, then signal switches to green. As this technique is fully automated, it
recognize the ambulance and control traffic signals. this technique controls traffic signal and saves the time in
emergency period. Also we've automated camera which can help in monitoring the traffic jam . Thus it act as a
life saver project.
The Ace of Smart City Construction. White Paper. WoMasterWoMaster
WoMaster's White Paper introduces a new sophisticated approach to Smart City System integration. Integrating wireless, Ethernet networks, and sensor network has never been easier with new industrial IP67 Smart City Box. The new communication system provides a complex solution for video surveillance in smart cities, GPS, alarm systems, LoRa communication, video analysis, etc.
Collaborative mapping is the crucial need in any rescue and relief operation. Our recent experience lead us to focus the research on the development of a unique platform [web and mobile] that allows different levels of geolocated information sharing, on a “user permissions” base [anonymus user, registered user level 1, ….]. Our approach is to use the solutions that are free and open [such as Google Maps, Google Earth, Google 3d, Ushahidi, OpenStreetMap, or Android apps for route tracking] and to develop a stable tool through the integration of diverse solutions ensuring a high level of sharing and collaboration among different players.
Web and mobile emergency networks to real-time information and geodata management.
Authors: DI LOLLI - LANFRANCO - LOMBARDO - RAPISARDI
VVF TAS Torino | Università di Torino | NatRisk | Open Resilience
ET02 - Meetings
Orario 09.30 – 12.00
Sala AVORIO
HOSTED
EASY RIDER PROJECT
Achieving a sustainable and safe mobility trough the integration of vehicles and infrastructures
A cura del CENTRO RICERCHE FIAT
Small, Dumb, ¬¬Cheap, and Copious – the Future of the Internet of Things,
Abstract
Over the next decade, billions of interconnected devices will be monitoring and responding to transportation systems, factories, farms, forests, utilities, soil and weather conditions, oceans, and other resources.
The unique characteristic that the majority of these otherwise incredibly diverse Internet of Things (IOT) devices will share is that they will be too small, too dumb, too cheap, and too copious to use traditional networking protocols such as IPv6.
For the same reasons, this tidal wave of IOT devices cannot be controlled by existing operational techniques and tools. Instead, lessons from Nature’s massive scale will guide a new architecture for the IOT.
Taking cues from Nature, and in collaboration with our OEM licensees, MeshDynamics is extending concepts outlined in the book “Rethinking the Internet of Things” to real-world problems of supporting “smart: secure and scalable” IOT Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communities at the edge.
Simple devices, speaking simply
Today companies view the IOT as an extension of current networking protocols and practices. But those on the front lines of the Industrial Internet of Things are seeing problems already:
“While much of the ink spilled today is about evolutionary improvements using modern IT technologies to address traditional operational technology concerns, the real business impact will be to expand our horizon of addressable concerns. Traditional operational technology has focused on process correctness and safety; traditional IT has focused on time to market and, as a recent concern, security. Both disciplines have developed in a world of relative scarcity, with perhaps hundreds of devices interconnected to perform specific tasks. The future, however, points toward billions of devices and tasks that change by the millisecond under autonomous control, and are so distributed they cannot be tracked by any individual. Our existing processes for ensuring safety, security and management break down when faced with such scale. Stimulating the redevelopment of our technologies for this new world is a focal point for the Industrial Internet Consortium.”
Ambient Intelligence and City of Tomorrow : My Vision for services and uses of a connected city.
February 2013
A city is a place where human beings gather to meet their daily needs of life.
A city is a place of life and it is itself alive. A city develops itself over time, A city grows and becomes more complex.
In the city there are multiplicities of needs: uses, services, flows, which are diversified: housing, education, mobility, culture, health, environment, safety, energy, waste management, communication …
Each city is changing in its own context and at its own pace. Those are themselves diverse and evolving. Contexts can be of different natures: cultural, geopolitical, historical, religious, human…
Those contexts also shape many of the city’s characteristics.
In any case, vital human needs are to be met. Indeed, mankind always looks to meet new needs to ensure a better quality of life, a better comfort and progress.
In our vision, our cities, in fact are Complex Systems… The City will go towards transverse, open, scalable, adaptive ecosystems, allowing mankind to blossom.
Why is a city a complex system?
Because a city is alive, A city, like any living, changes over time.
The city we know today will not be the city of tomorrow and it is different from yesterday’s.
The city has a metabolism and many rich ecosystems. The city is very heterogeneous. Like any complex system, we never have a global view of how it evolves. The city is fragile and must adapt to changes all the time.
For us, the city must be described as complex systems with a decomposition into many systems, many subsystems and many components. Their interactions dictate their dynamics, their global behavior, their actions now and in the future.
Therefore, urban planning is limited by the own nature of its complexity.
In any complex system, its development is driven by the action of two vectors: necessity and chance.
In the city, needs are uses and functions, chance is hazard and risk.
In the city these vectors of complexity are constantly present and growing. The city is in permanent movement; In fact, the city is fragile, very fragile. Fragility is one of its features
At any time and everywhere in the city many unexpected events of all kind are happening. They demand us to react. They can also be very seriously affecting lives, practices and services.
Resilience is the major key to ensure continuity of services in the city during time of crisis.
In our vision, city has to adapt, learn, grow, be strong, independent, self repairing, and self breeding.
In our vision, in order to develop the city and manage this complexity, new paradigms and news practices are needed. For us AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE is the paradigm.
http://www.moreno-web.net/ambiant-intelligence-and-city-of-tomorrow/
Hurricane Sandy / Waldo Canyon Fire - Considerations for WiFi NetworksRakesh Bharania
Based on recent disasters in the US, technology teams should prefer the use of wired networks for mission critical communications when wireless spectrum is congested.
This presentation was made at the Nasscom Tech Series Big Data event held in Chennai on 06-Feb-2013 and was made by Somjit Amrit, the Chief Business Officer for Technosoft Corporation
In this presentation Somjit makes the case for why historically Business and IT haven't gone together hand in hand and goes on to state that Big Data could be what brings them together. He also emphasizes the importance of Big Data in addressing the fourth V namely Veracity (the others being Velocity, Volume and Variety).
Road traffic jam becomes a serious issue for highly crowded metropolitan cities. India is that the
second most populated country within the world and may be a fast growing economy. it's facing terrible road
congestion within the cities. consistent with Times of India about 30 percent of deaths are caused thanks to delayed
ambulance to succeed in at hospital. In proposed system we try to scale back the delay for the ambulance. To
smoothen the ambulance movement, we come up with “Auto Traffic Management System”. We try to supply the
green signals for ambulance by switching the signals. We are getting to use the technologies like RFIDs. Whenever
signal detects the ambulance almost signal, then signal switches to green. As this technique is fully automated, it
recognize the ambulance and control traffic signals. this technique controls traffic signal and saves the time in
emergency period. Also we've automated camera which can help in monitoring the traffic jam . Thus it act as a
life saver project.
The Ace of Smart City Construction. White Paper. WoMasterWoMaster
WoMaster's White Paper introduces a new sophisticated approach to Smart City System integration. Integrating wireless, Ethernet networks, and sensor network has never been easier with new industrial IP67 Smart City Box. The new communication system provides a complex solution for video surveillance in smart cities, GPS, alarm systems, LoRa communication, video analysis, etc.
The Sahana booklet that was released at the Sahana.next launch event cum press release after the end of the Sahana conference on March 27, 2009 at Colombo, Sri Lanka.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Enchancing adoption of Open Source Libraries. A case study on Albumentations.AIVladimir Iglovikov, Ph.D.
Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/iglovikov/
- https://x.com/viglovikov
- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
This presentation delves into the journey of Albumentations.ai, a highly successful open-source library for data augmentation.
Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
Key insights include the importance of automation, making the adoption process seamless, and leveraging offline interactions for marketing. The presentation also emphasizes the need for continuous small improvements and building a friendly, inclusive community that contributes to the project's growth.
Vladimir Iglovikov brings his extensive experience as a Kaggle Grandmaster, ex-Staff ML Engineer at Lyft, sharing valuable lessons and practical advice for anyone looking to enhance the adoption of their open-source projects.
Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Public Warning: Roles of policymakers, regulators, private sector & civil society
1. Public Warning: Roles of
policymakers, regulators, private
sector & civil society
www.lirneasia.net
Rohan Samarajiva
Sahana 2009 Conference
24 - 25 March 2009, Colombo
2. Agenda
The presence and absence of early warnings
Organizational problems must be solved if the
potential of early warning technologies is to be fully
realized
Overall division of labor
Issuance of warning –Government
www.lirneasia.net
Transmission of warning –Telecom operators
Evacuation and response –First responders
(government and other)
Community preparedness –Community organizations
Identification of specific tasks and
responsibilities
Comments on government role
5. Completing the chain: Warning &
training at the last mile
Bangladesh reduced casualties (but not
damage to property & livelihoods) through
Communicating cyclone warnings to villages
through HF radios and trained volunteers
Easy-to-understand flag system at the last mile
www.lirneasia.net
Cyclone shelters
People who trust the warnings and evacuate
Deaths from Sidr would have been less, if
not for false tsunami warning and evacuation
one month earlier (September 12th, 2007)
6. Cyclones & tsunamis
Both effect the Bay of Bengal
Tsunamigenic earthquakes in Sunda Trench every
year since 2004 (except 2008)
Difference is lead time
2-3 days for cyclones
www.lirneasia.net
90 mts to 6 hours for Bay of Bengal countries
other than Indonesia
Simply replicating Bangladesh is not enough
Bangladesh model used 1990s communication
technology
Much has happened since (e.g. CB/SMS)
7. Physical and symbolic worlds, absent linking
technologies
Mediated
interpersonal
www.lirneasia.net
Symbolic world
where action
Physical world where originates
hazards occur
8. The physical, the symbolic & their linking
through ICTs, simplified
Warnings (telecom & media)
Mediated
interpersonal
TV, Radio &
www.lirneasia.net
Physical world where Cell Symbolic world
hazards occur broadcasts where action
originates
Warnings (telecom)
More time to run; more lives saved
9. Early warning chain (standard form)
Media & Telecom
Operators
www.lirneasia.net
National early
Citizens
warning First responders
center
10. Early warning chain (community based;
applicable to Last-Mile HazInfo project)
Emergency Response Plan coordinator
National early
Media
warning
Govt 1st Responders
center
ERP1
www.lirneasia.net
ICT ERP2
Guard
SCDMC Villagers
ians
From domestic &
ERP3
international
sources
ERP4
SCDMC will never issue warnings; only alerts so that communities
can be better prepared to receive the warning from government
11. ICTs used in reaching communities
Remote Alarm Device
GSM Mobile Phone
www.lirneasia.net
CDMA Fixed Phone
Addressable Radios for Emergency Very Small Aperture
Alerts Terminals
12. Which work best?
Eight modes (individual and combined) tested
Reliability and effectiveness (composite measures)
Complementary redundancy
Comparison of Reliability and Effectiveness of ICT as a
Warning Technology in a LM-HWS
www.lirneasia.net
0.75
AREA+MOP 0.71
0.75
AREA+FXP 0.89
0.43
AREA+RAD 0.71
ICT modes
0.05
AREA 0.59
0.24
MOP 0.27
0.26
FXP 0.47
0.09
RAD
Effectiveness
0.04
VSAT
Reliability
Control Group 0.15
13. Community
Forms of training that will work
Levels of organizational strength
Importance of emergency response plans
Plan without simulation is no plan
Simulation without plan cannot be done
www.lirneasia.net
14. Telecom and e-media are important,
but are only part of the solution
Ability to move information at the speed of light can
increase time to act to reduce risks of disasters
Many organizational problems must be solved
At level of community
At level of first responders
www.lirneasia.net
At national early warning center
Among the carriers of alerts and warnings
Effective warning must be complemented by
preparedness plans, evacuation capabilities, etc.
If we are to save livelihoods and property, in addition
to lives, a lot more has to be done on risk reduction
15. Early warning: who should do
what?
Early warning is a classic public good
Government must supply
Early warning is based on incomplete, probabilistic
Government must
information and judgment
take the responsibility of issuing
www.lirneasia.net
warning/alert
75% of tsunami warnings in the Pacific are false; false
warnings can be dangerous
Government gets hazard information from external or
internal sources
Regional warning cannot be simply transmitted
Judgment must be applied before national
warnings/alerts are issued for specific areas
16. Early warning: who should do
what?
Operators of telecom networks and electronic
media (public-sector and private-sector) must
transmit the message to first responders and citizens
Ground-level first responders must play the key
role in evacuations and response
Community preparedness is important if warnings
www.lirneasia.net
community-based
are to save lives
organizations (e.g., Sarvodaya) are best at
this
Includes improving the ability of communities to
receive warnings and alerts
17. Responsibilities at warning center
and in communication to media, etc.
Media &Telecom
Operators
www.lirneasia.net
National early
Citizens
warning First responders
center
18. Early Warning Center Media &
Telcos
Protocols for fast decision making re
issuance of warnings/alerts [Internal to
government]
Procedure for issuing large number of
warnings/alerts quickly and reliably using
www.lirneasia.net
multiple media, including acknowledgements
and redundancy [Decision is government’s;
but best to use Common Alerting Protocol
based single-input, multi-output, multi-
language software solution]
19. Media, telcos, first responders to
public
Procedures for verification and acknowledgement
[jointly worked out with government]
Standard formats, including rules on what is
communicated in what form [jointly worked out with
government]
Rules for use of cell broadcasts [jointly worked out
www.lirneasia.net
with government]
Government first responders to public [procedures
appropriate for different settings decided locally]
Other first responders (e.g., Sarvodaya, hotels) to
public [procedures appropriate for different settings
decided locally]
20. Prior planning essential
Wide variety of procedures to be decided
Important that they be formulated and tried
out prior to a disaster
Improvisation in the midst of a crisis is
inappropriate
www.lirneasia.net
Updating of procedures at regular intervals
Drills and training of critical actors, also at regular
intervals
21. Lessons for the last mile
Media &Telecom
Operators
www.lirneasia.net
National early
Citizens
warning First responders
center
22. Community preparedness
Each community is unique emergency response
plans cannot be the same
Importance of emergency response plans
Plan without simulation is no plan
Simulation without plan cannot be done
www.lirneasia.net
Plans need to be updated regularly
Training and awareness raising needed
Primarily for communities, though government may
exercise oversight if it has adequate expertise and
resources
Communities can learn from each other if the
environment is created
23. A mild critique of government
priorities
Too often, government looks at the problem
in terms of
Laws and regulations, instead of ground-level
action (that is then codified into practical legal
frameworks)
www.lirneasia.net
Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act passed after
the tsunami has grandiose schemes of
committees reporting to committees reporting to
councils
But the Act does not include provisions for
funding from the Consolidated Fund unable to
do much without external help
24. A mild critique of government
priorities
Too often government units get entangled in turf
battles and lose sight of what the overall object is
Disasters cross administrative boundaries
In Sri Lanka, geological expertise is at Geological
Survey and Mines Bureau; tsunami hazard information
authority is Met Department; tide gauges are under
National Aquatic Resources Authority; warning
www.lirneasia.net
authority is Disaster Management Center; telecom
operators are governed by Telecom Regulatory
Commission; media are under Media Ministry
Essential to develop non-territorial approaches to
manage unavoidable turf issues
Disasters are too big for one government department,
let alone government as a whole need to work with
everyone to save lives, livelihoods and property
25. A mild critique of government
priorities
There is too much emphasis on the
international and not enough on the
community level
Community level work is hard; much harder than
attending international workshops
www.lirneasia.net
But that is the key to risk reduction
26. Take aways
Disasters are too big for any one entity
the problem is large enough for everyone to
contribute
Government must take the lead in creating the
right environment for productive cooperation by
www.lirneasia.net
all
Responsibilities must be assigned based on core
competencies
Plans are not plans absent simulation
We need to look at what works, not what is on
paper
27. Way forward
Disseminate lessons to improve public
warning systems
More trials in specific contexts if needed
Improve community based response
In Sri Lanka, 1,000 Sarvodaya villages 15,000
www.lirneasia.net
Sarvodaya villages 30,000 villages
Develop sustainable public-private models of
sustaining community training and
dissemination of hazard information
Improve multi-lingual, multi-modal Common
Alerting Protocol (CAP)
28. Our collaboration with Sahana
Risk Reduction
Mitigation
Sahana now
Prevention
Recovery
Moved into
the “pre” &
www.lirneasia.net
warning
Sahana space
at inception
Preparedness
Response
LIRNEasia
+ Sahana
work
Hazardous event Warning Key role for telecom
& electronic media
LIRNEasia space