COMMON PSYCHIATRIC TERMINOLOGIES: The terms used often by healthcare professionals in clinical settings are included in this PPT. Readers who require quick reference materials while learning about psychiatric terminology will find it helpful. The following terminologies were added to this file: Kairos:  In existential psychology, the moment of heightened awareness at which a person gains insight into the meaning of an important event. KOPROPHEMIA: The use of obscene words or phrases to stimulate sexual excitement. Kalopisia: The delusions of things being more beautiful than they are.  LA BELLE INDIFFÉRENCE: Inappropriate lack of concern about the implications or seriousness of one’s physical symptoms is often seen in conversion disorder. LACUNAR/LOCALIZED AMNESIA: A memory loss restricted to specific or isolated experiences is also called circumscribed amnesia.  LYGOPHILIA: An abnormal desire to be in dark or gloomy places. LUCID DREAM: A dream in which the sleeper is aware that they are dreaming and may be able to influence the progress of the dream narrative.  LIEBMANN EFFECT: The act of refraining from the use of something, particularly alcohol or drugs, or from participation in sexual or other activity.  LILLIPUTIAN HALLUCINATION: A visual hallucination of objects, animals, or people greatly reduced in size, which may result from several conditions, such as delirium tremens, typhoid, or brain tumors in the temporal lobe—also called diminutive visual hallucination or microptic hallucination.  Locked-in Syndrome: A condition in which a person cannot speak or move but is fully conscious and aware of their surroundings. The individual has normal metabolic functions and sleep-wake cycles but can communicate only with eye movements (e.g., blinking, looking up or down).  Magic Circle: A group technique mostly used with children, who gather in a circle and discuss personal issues and concerns. A variation for use in school was developed by U.S. psychiatrist William Glasser (1925–2013) to increase motivation for learning.  MAGICAL THINKING: The belief that one’s thoughts, wishes, or rituals can influence events or the behavior of others. Magical thinking is typical of children up to 4 or 5 years of age, after which reality-based thinking begins to predominate.  MANIA A POTU: A condition characterized by sudden and extreme changes in personality, mood, and behavior following the ingestion of an amount of alcohol usually considered to be too little to account for the degree of the changes. It may include extreme excitement, impulsive and aggressive behavior (at times to the point of extreme violence), persecutory ideas, disorientation, and hallucinations. MANIFEST ANXIETY: In psychoanalysis, anxiety is characterized by overt symptoms that indicate underlying emotional conflict or repression.  MIGNON DELUSION: A variation of the family-romance fantasy in which children believe that their parents are foster parents and their real families are distinguish

1. K-O
PSYCHIATRIC
TERMINOLOGIES
Mrs. Deblina Nandi
Dr. Sivasankari Varadharasu
KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

2. Contents of this template
K 3-6
L 7-14
M 15-35
N 36-52
0 53-64
REFERENCE 65

4. KAIROS
In existential psychology,
the moment of
heightened awareness
at which a person
gains insight into the
meaning of an
important event.

5. The use of obscene
words or phrases to
stimulate sexual
excitement.
KOPROPHEMIA

6. KALOPSIA
The delusions of things
being more beautiful
than they are.

8. LA BELLE INDIFFÉRENCE
Inappropriate, lack of concern about the implications or
seriousness of one’s physical symptoms, is often seen
in conversion disorder.

9. A memory loss is restricted to
specific or isolated experiences
and also called circumscribed
amnesia.
LACUNAR/ LOCALIZED
AMNESIA

10. An abnormal desire to be
in dark or gloomy places.
LYGOPHILIA-

11. LUCID DREAM
A dream in which the
sleeper is aware that
they are dreaming and
may be able to influence
the progress of the
dream narrative.

12. The act of refraining from the
use of something,
particularly alcohol or drugs,
or from participation in
sexual or other activity.
LIEBMANN EFFECT

13. LILLIPUTIAN
HALLUCINATION
A visual hallucination of objects,
animals, or people greatly
reduced in size, which may
result from several conditions,
such as delirium tremens,
typhoid, or brain tumors in the
temporal lobe—also called
diminutive visual hallucination
or microptic hallucination.

14. LOCKED-IN SYNDROME
A condition in which a person
cannot speak or move but is
fully cognizant and aware of
their surroundings. The
individual has normal
metabolic functions and
sleep–wake cycles but can
communicate only with eye
movements (e.g., blinking,
looking up or down).

16. MAGIC CIRCLE
A group technique mostly used with children,
who gather in a circle and discuss
personal issues and concerns. A variation
for use in school was developed by U.S.
psychiatrist William Glasser (1925–2013)
to increase motivation for learning.

17. MAGICAL
THINKING
The belief that one’s thoughts,
wishes, or rituals can influence
events or the behavior of
others. Magical thinking is
typical of children up to 4 or 5
years of age, after which reality
thinking begins to predominate.

18. A condition characterized by sudden
and extreme changes in personality,
mood, and behavior following the
ingestion of an amount of alcohol
usually considered to be too little to
account for the degree of the changes.
It may include extreme excitement,
impulsive and aggressive behavior (at
times to the point of extreme violence),
persecutory ideas, disorientation, and
hallucinations.
MANIA A POTU

19. MANIFEST ANXIETY
In psychoanalysis, anxiety with overt symptoms that
indicate underlying emotional conflict or repression.

20. A variation of the family-romance
fantasy in which children believe
that their parents are foster
parents and their real families are
of distinguished lineage.
MIGNON DELUSION

21. MASOCHISM
In classical psychoanalytic
theory, masochism is
interpreted as resulting
from the death instinct or
from aggression turned
inward because of
excessive guilt feelings.

22. MEGALOMANIA
A highly inflated conception of one’s importance, power, or
capabilities, as can be observed in many individuals with mania
and paranoid schizophrenia. In the latter, megalomania is often
accompanied or preceded by delusions of persecution.

23. MIDDLE INSOMNIA
A period of sleeplessness that occurs after falling asleep normally,
with difficulty in falling asleep again. It is a common symptom of a
major depressive disorder. Also called broken sleep.

24. A 19th-century term for
catatonic excitement. It is
occasionally still used for
agitated depression.
MELANCHOLIA
AGITATA

25. MONOMANIA
Extreme enthusiasm or
zeal for a single subject
or idea, often
manifested as a rigid,
irrational idea.

26. MOVEMENT
ILLUSION
An illusion that an object is in
motion when it is not.

27. MULTIPLE MONITORED
ELECTROCONVULSIVE TREATMENT
A form of electroconvulsive
therapy in which an
attempt is made to shorten
the overall period of
treatment by inducing
several seizures in a
single session. Also
called multi monitored
electroconvulsive
treatment. (MMECT)

28. MUTTERING DELIRIUM
A type of delirium in which an individual’s speech is marked by
low utterances, slurring, iteration, dysarthria, perseveration, or any
combination of these. Typically, the individual’s movements are
dominated by restlessness and trembling.

29. MYSOPHILIA
A pathological interest in dirt or filth, often with a
desire to be unclean or in contact with dirty objects.
Mysophilia may be expressed as a paraphilia in which
a dirty partner sexually arouses the person.

30. MYTHOMANIA
A tendency to elaborate, exaggerate, and tell lies, including
reports of imagined experiences, often involving self-
deception. See also factitious disorder; pathological lying. ; an
abnormal interest in myths, in which the individual may believe
fantasy to be reality, and a tendency to fabricate incredible
stories. Also called pseudologia fantastica.

31. Difficulty or hesitancy in
speaking (e.g., stuttering).
Also called molilalia.
MOGILALIA

32. Unintelligible muttering, or
moving the lips without
producing speech.
MUSSITATION

33. MODEL
PSYCHOSIS
Psychotic symptoms (e.g., delusions,
hallucinations, disorientation,
disorganized speech) deliberately
produced by a psychotomimetic drug,
such as LSD, for purposes of research.
This technique was particularly popular
during the 1950s and 1960s.

34. The set of words that a person uses regularly (see
productive vocabulary) or recognizes when used by
others (see receptive vocabulary). Psycholinguistics has
proposed various models for such a lexicon, in which
words are mentally organized concerning such features
as meaning, lexical category (e.g., noun, verb),
frequency, length, and sound. Also called lexical memory.
MENTAL LEXICON

35. MENTAL FOG
● A mental state involving a
reduced awareness of the
environment, inability to
concentrate, and confusion.

37. Involuntary, rapid movement of the eyeballs. The eyeball motion
may be rotatory, horizontal, vertical, or a mixture.
NYSTAGMUS

38. Females, excessive or uncontrollable desire for sexual
stimulation and gratification. The word is often used
loosely to denote a high degree of sexuality in a
woman, reflecting negative cultural attitudes toward
female sexuality.
NYMPHOMANIA

39. A strong preference for
darkness or night. Also
called noctiphilia;
noctophilia; scotophilia.
NYCTOPHILIA

40. A type of schizophrenia in
which the defining features,
including social inadequacy
and withdrawal, blunted affect,
and feelings of
depersonalization and
derealization, are highly similar
to those described by Emil
Kraepelin for dementia
praecox.
NUCLEAR SCHIZOPHRENIA

41. A rarely used term for an unfounded, abnormal belief
that one is suffering from a particular disease.
NOSOMANIA

42. A subclinical form of alexithymia found in boys and men reared to
conform to traditional masculine norms that emphasize
toughness, teamwork, stoicism, and competition and that
discourage the expression of vulnerable emotions.
NORMATIVE MALE ALEXITHYMIA

43. A life-changing event, such as
marriage or retirement, that often
is encountered during the typical
course of development and that
requires significant psychological,
behavioral, or other adjustments.
Also called developmental crisis;
maturational crisis.
NORMATIVE CRISIS

44. An obsolete name for
cognitive enhancer.
NOOTROPIC

45. A collection of various forms
of memory that operate
automatically and accumulate
information that is not
accessible to conscious
recollection. For instance,
one can do something faster
if one has done it before,
even if one cannot recall the
earlier performance.
NONDECLARATIVE MEMORY

46. Involuntary jerking of the
limbs (myoclonus) that
occurs when a person is
falling asleep. The
involuntary spasms may
occur repeatedly and with
sufficient activity to awaken
the person. Nocturnal
myoclonus is not necessarily
a sign of a neurological
disorder.
NOCTURNAL MYOCLONUS

47. Sleepwalking disorder, a
sleep disorder characterized
by persistent incidents of
complex motor activity
during slow-wave NREM
sleep. These episodes
typically occur during the
first hours of sleep and
involve getting out of bed
and walking.
NOCTAMBULATION

48. The delusion of
nonexistence: a fixed
belief that the mind, body,
or the world at large—or
parts thereof—no longer
exists. Also called
delusion of negation;
nihilistic delusion; the
belief that existence is
without meaning or value.
NIHILISM

49. Stage 2 of the pre-
conventional level in
Kohlber’s theory of moral
development. naive
hedonism (or instrumental
relativist orientation; Stage
2), in which moral behavior
is that which obtains reward
or serves one’s needs. Also
called preconventional
morality.
NAIVE HEDOISM

50. A symptom pattern
consisting of sudden,
repeated loss of muscle
tone (cataplexy) and
recurrent sleep attacks
(narcolepsy).
NARCOLEPSY–
CATAPLEXY
SYNDROME

51. A strong desire for
anything new or different,
such as new foods. The
term is increasingly used
as a synonym for novelty
seeking.
NEOPHILIA

52. A persistent and irrational
fear of change or of
anything new, unfamiliar,
or strange.; the avoidance
of new stimuli, especially
foods.
NEOPHOBIA

54. OSTRACISM
An extreme form of rejection
in which one is excluded and
ignored in the presence of
others.

55. OSPHRESIOPHILIA
An abnormal attraction to odors.

56. The sensation of perceiving oscillating movement of the
environment. This illusory movement can be caused by (bilateral)
vestibular cerebellar injury, paralysis of extrinsic eye muscles, or
nystagmus, but it may also be due to cerebral disorders (e.g.,
seizures, occipital lobe infarction).
OSCILLOPSIA

57. ORTHOREXIA NERVOSA
An obsessive concern with eating a
healthy or “pure” diet that is typically very
restrictive and more focused on wellness
than weight loss. Individuals may insist on
eating only certain foods (e.g., those
grown locally) or avoid certain food
groups altogether (e.g., meat, eggs, dairy,
wheat products), often resulting in
extremely low caloric intake, risk of
malnutrition, and in extreme cases, death.

58. ONOMATOPOEIA
The formation of a word
whose sound replicates
to a recognizable
degree the sound of
the thing or action that
it represents, such as
hiss, smack, or cuckoo.

59. A form of dreaming
characterized by
nightmares or unpleasant
dreams.
ONEIROMANCY

60. A dreamlike state in a
condition of wakefulness.
ONEIRISM

61. OCULOGYRIC CRISIS
Prolonged fixation of the eyeballs in a single position for
minutes to hours. It may result from encephalitis or be
produced by certain antipsychotic drugs. Also called
oculogyric spasm.

62. Opposition to scientific inquiry,
rational argument, and the
progress of knowledge generally,
especially when these appear to
contradict a given set of political,
social, or religious convictions.; a
deliberate or strategic failure to
be clear and lucid in the
expression of knowledge or
opinion.
OBSCURANTISM

63. OBNUBILATION
Clouding of
consciousness or
stupor.

64. OBTRUSIVE
IDEA
An obsessive, unwanted,
and alien idea that
intrudes on a person’s
normal flow of thought.

65. REFERENCES
https://dictionary.apa.org/chromesthesia
https://psychiatr.ru/download/2172?view=1&name=92
4154466X.pdf
https:[/smhp.psych.ucla.edu/pdfdocs/mhsbhc/glossary
.pdf