Prolapse rectum is a condition where the rectal mucosa or entire rectum protrudes outside the anal verge, commonly seen in children and elderly. There are two types - partial, where protrusion is 1.25-3.75cm outside, usually mucosal prolapse, and complete. Causes in children include undeveloped sacral curve, constipation, whooping cough, diarrhea while in adults it's often due to obstetric trauma. Treatment includes digital repositioning in infants, injection of ethanolamine oleate to cause fibrosis and tether mucosa, or excision after applying Goodsall's ligature for partial prolapse.

1. PROLAPSE RECTUM

2. • Protrusion of the mucous membrane or the
entire rectum outside the anal verge.
• This condition is common in children and
elderly patients.

3. Types
Prolapse can be of two types:
1. Partial prolapse and
2. Complete prolapse.

4. Partial prolapse
• In this variety, the protrusion is between 1.25
and 3.75 cm outside the anal verge.
• It is usually a mucosal prolapse.

5. PARTIAL PROLAPSE

6. RECTAL PROLAPSE IN A CHILD

7. Causes
• In infants, it is due to undeveloped sacral curve
and in children it can be secondary to habitual
constipation.
• It can follow an attack of whooping cough or
excessive straining.
• It can follow an attack of dian-hoea resulting in
loss of fat in the ischiorectal fossae, which
supports the rectum.
• In adults it is common in females mostly due to
Torn perineum caused by obstetric trauma.

8. RECTAL PROLAPSE IN A CHILD

9. Treatment
• Digital reposition:
• In infants, partial prolapse is tempora1y.
• The mother is advised to push the prolapse inside
after lubricating with lignocaine jelly.
• Injection of ethanolamine oleate into the
submucosa of the rectum. It causes aseptic
fibrosis. Thus, mucosa gets tethered to the other
layers.
• Partial prolapse can be excised, after applying
Goodsall's ligature.

10. • Manipal 795