The document investigates the dynamic and acoustic properties of hybrid laminate composites made from areca/ramie fibers reinforced with E-glass. Three composite samples were made with different fiber to matrix ratios and tested. The sample with a 60:40 fiber to matrix ratio performed best, with a 6.25% increase in tensile strength and 22.45% increase in flexural strength compared to other ratios. The sound absorption coefficient of this composite also increased by 27.1%. The study shows potential applications in automobiles, soundproofing, and furniture where improved dynamic and acoustic properties are needed.

1. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OF ARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
ABSTRACT
Natural fiber based composites are becoming attractive
candidates for use various application owing to their mechanical
and sound absorption properties. The fibers are obtained from the
areca husk and from the stem of ramie. These fibers are alkali
treated to get better interfacial bonding between fibers and
matrix. The test specimens are prepared with different weight
ratios of fiber to matrix (70:30, 60:40, 50:50) . The acoustical test
range are between 63 to 6300HZ. According to the results the
composite with the ratio 60:40 exhibit better properties when
compared to other ratios. The tensile and flexural strength of
hybrid composite were increased by 6.25% and 22.45%. The
sound absorption co-efficient of this hybrid composite are
increased by 27.1%. This is applicable for automobiles, sound
proofing materials and furniture.
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2. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OF ARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
OBJECTIVE
• To investigate the dynamic and acoustical analysis on hybrid
laminates of areca/ramie reinforced with e-glass.

3. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OF ARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
INTRODUCTION
• A composite material is a material made from two or more
constituent materials with significantly
different physical or chemical properties that, when combined,
produce a material with characteristics different from the
individual components.
• Hybrid materials are composites consisting of two constituents
at the molecular level. Commonly one of these compounds
is inorganic and the other one organic in nature. They differ
from the traditional composites where the constituents are at
the macroscopic level.

4. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OF ARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
LITERATURE SURVEY
TITLE AUTHOR DESCRIPTION
Analysis of tensile strength
of ramie fiber.
C.Z. Paiva Junior et al., L.H.
de Carvalho et al.,
In this study, the main
factor governing tensile
strength is direction of
volume fraction parallel to
the direction of tensile axis.
Tensile strength were
determined by the volume
fraction.
Mechanical behavior of
areca fiber reinforced
composite
Srinivasa chikkol et al.,
Venkateshappa et al.,
It is found that the
mechanical properties of
the composites tested are
greatly influenced by (i)
alkali treatment of fiber, (ii)
weight ratio of fiber–
matrix, and (iii) curing
time.

5. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OF ARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
LITERATURE SURVEY
TITLE AUTHOR DESCRIPTION
Surface Treatment on
Mechanical, Acoustical
and Thermal Properties of
Betelnut Fiber Polyester
Composites
Elammaran Jayamania et
al., Sinin Hamdanb et al.,
Raw and chemically
modified fibers have been
used in different
proportions for the
preparation of these
composites.. The sodium
hydroxide treatment effect
of fibers was verified by
FTIR analysis.
Investigation on sound
absorption coefficients of
Betel nut fiber
reinforced polymer matrix
composites
Elammaran Jayaman et al.,
Pushparaj Ezhumalai et al.,
betel nut fibers reinforced
composites have good
sound absorption
coefficients at high
frequency. The Increase in
fiber loading increases the
sound absorption
coefficients of composites

6. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
LITERATURE SURVEY
TITLE AUTHOR DESCRIPTION
Study of Areca-reinforced
Phenol
Formaldehyde Composites
R. P. Swamy et al., G. C.
Mohan kumar et al.,
In this study, These Areca
fibers were
chemically treated and the
effect of this treatment on
fiber strength is studied. Areca
fiber composite
laminates were prepared using
Phenol Formaldehyde with
randomly distributed fibers
Flexural behaviour or areca
fibers composites
Mownesh Gadde et al.,
Kenchappa et al.,
Dried areca husk was soaked in
deionised water for about 5
days.the soaking process
loosens the fibers, which then
can be extracted out easily.

7. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OF ARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
• Sound insulation requirements in automobiles and
manufacturing environments drive the need to develop more
efficient sound absorption materials
• Rockwool, glass wool and mineral wool are widely used to
provide desired sound and thermal insulation
• Problems in synthetic wool - lung diseases and skin irritations

8. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Methodology
.
8
Raw material
Chemical treatment
Fabrication
Evaluation of mechanical properties
Determination of Acoustic Properties
Results and Discussion
Conclusion

9. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Silane Pre-Treatment
• To remove hydrophilic content
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10. S.No Glass (%) Areca (%) Ramie (%) Epoxy (%)
1
10% 10% 10% 70%
60 grams 60 grams 60 grams 420 grams
2
10% 15% 15% 60%
60 grams 90 grams 90 grams 360 grams
3
10% 20% 20% 50%
60 grams 120 grams 120 grams 300 grams
VOLUME FRACTION & WEIGHT FRACTION CALCULATION
DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Fabrication of hybrid composite
• Fabrication of hybrid composite materials
• Specimen preparation as per ASTM Standards
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11. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Specimen preparation
• Fabrication of hybrid fiber composite materials
• Specimen preparation as per ASTM Standards
ASTM D 3039
ASTM D 790
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12. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Tensile Test – Result and Discussion
• Test Standard – ASTM D 3039
• Cross-head speed – 2.01 mm/min
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0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
RA1 RA2 RA3
TensileStrength(MPa)
Sample Name
Tensile Strength (MPa) Tensile Strength (MPa)

13. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Flexural Test – Result and Discussion
• Test Standard – ASTM D 790
• Cross-head speed – 2 mm/min
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
RA1 RA2 RA3
FlexuralModulus(GPa)
Sample Name
Flexural Modulus (GPa) Flexural Modulus (GPa)

14. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Impact test (Izod) – Result and Discussion
• Test Standard – ASTM D 256
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5.25
7.2 7
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
RA1 RA2 RA3
ImpactEnergy(J)
Sample Name
Impact Energy (J) Impact Energy (J)

15. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Hardness – Result and Discussion
• Test method – Shore – D
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79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
RA1 RA2 RA3
Hardness(Sd)
Sample Name
Hardness(Sd) Hardness(Sd)

16. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Chemical Composition – FTIR Analysis – RA2
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17. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Chemical Composition – FTIR Analysis – RA3
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18. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Chemical Composition – FTIR Analysis – RA1
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19. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Morphological SEM Analysis

20. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Morphological SEM Analysis

21. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Morphological SEM Analysis

22. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OF ARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Acoustical Properties - Sound Absorption Test
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• The sound absorption data were obtained with an impedance tube in
the frequency range of 63 to 6300 Hz.
Frequency
Range
63.00 125.00 250.00 500.00 1000.00 1250.00 2000.00 2500.00 5000.00 6300.00
RA1 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.24 0.85
RA2 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.54 0.50
RA3 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.14 0.27

23. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OF ARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Acoustical Properties - Sound Absorption Test
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0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
NRC
Frequency (Hz)
Sound Absoprtion Coefficient
RA1 RA2 RA3

24. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Economic Analysis of project
S. NO Items Quantity Price
1
Natural Fibers (Ramie, Areca and Glass fiber –
200gsm
Each 3 kg 1500
2 Matrix Material – Epoxy and hardener 2 kg 1300
3 Fabrication cost –Compression molding 3 plate 3000
4 Cutting of sample as per ASTM standards 3 plate 350
5 Tensile test and Flexural test 9 sample 3250
6 Impact test and Hardness test 9 sample 3250
7 FTIR Analysis 3 sample 330
8 Scanning Electron Microscopic analysis (SEM) 3 sample 1500
9
Sound Absorption – Impedance test tube
method
3 sample 7500
Total 20480

25. DYNAMIC AND ACOUSTICAL INVESTIGATION ON HYBRID LAMINATES OFARECA/RAMIE
REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS
Conclusion
• Maximum mid-range values are achieved at 50:50 weight percentage of
fiber and matrix.
• The overall increase in tensile and flexural strength of the hybrid
composite is 6.25% and 22.42 %
• Percentage decrease in impact strength is 42.02 % which is very
significant.
• The Sound absorption co-efficient of this hybrid composite is also
increased by 27.1%
• The micrographs of SEM image also proven that alkali treatment and
hybridization increase more interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix
phase.
• This is applicable for components of automobiles like dashboards, seat
bases, sound proofing materials and furniture.

26. REFERENCE:
• R. P. swamy, and Y. Vrushabhendrappa, ”Study of Areca-reinforced Phenol
Formaldehyde Composites,” reinforced plastics and composites, vol. 23,
no.13. (2004).
• Mownesh Gadde and Kenchappa, “Fexural behaviour or areca fibers
composites,” flexure of areca composite, vol32, pp. 186-188, (2010).
• C.Z. Paiva Junior and L.H. de Carvalho, “Analysis of tensile strenght of
hybrid ramie cotton fibre composites,” polymer testing, vol 23, pp. 131-
135, (2004).

27. REFERENCE:
• Srinivasa chikkol and venkateshappa, “Mechanical behavior of areca fiber
reinforced composite,” advances in polymer technology., vol. l, no.3,
pp. 1-12, (2001).
• Elammaran Jayamania and Sinin Hamdanb, “Surface Treatment on
Mechanical, Acoustical and Thermal Properties of Betelnut Fiber Polyester
Composites,” procedia engg., vol. 97, pp. 545-545, (2017).
• Elammaran Jayaman and Pushparaj Ezhumalai, “Investigation on sound
absorption coefficients of Betel nut fiber reinforced polymer matrix
composites ,” applied mechanics and matrials vol. 455-456, pp. 901-905,
(2014).
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28. .
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