In this project, We introduced a statistical paper and searched for the its Journal, its citations and the Research question, Research Hypothesis, Research Objective, the variable introduced in the paper and at last we analysed the data once and checked if the consequences are similar or not. The analysis was done by The software SPSS P.S.: The paper's name is " Prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease: a population study in the Tibetan population " S.Mohammad Zargar Biomedical Engineering Student at University of Isfahan

2. Project

3. Faculty of Engineering
Biomedical Engineering Department
Prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease:
a population study in the Tibetan population
By: * Mohammad Mahdi Sekhavat Pisheh – 932011113017
(sekhavat.m76@gmail.com)
S. Mohammad Zargar – 932011113013
Mohammad Hosein AliNaghi – 932011113022
Biostatistics
Spring 2016
Supervisor: Dr. Marateb

4. 4
First page of article

5. 5
ISI

6. 6
IF, SJR, Quartile

7. 7
#Citations

8. Research Question
8
Is the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in the
Tibetan population who have mentioned risk factors below,
More than the prevalence of CKD in the population who don’t
have them?
Risk factors: Hypertension, albuminuria, hyperuricemia, high
hematocrit.

9. PICOT criteria
Population: 1289 person of the Tibetan adult(>=18 years)
population in Lhasa city and Dangxiong county of Lhasa city.
Intervention: ---
Comparison Group: Adults(>=18 years) who have not intended
risk factor (every time we survey).
Outcome: Risk of CKD
Time: --- (cross-sectional study)
9

10. FINER criteria
Feasible
10

11. FINER criteria
Interesting
Novel
11

12. FINER criteria
Ethical
Relevant
12

13. Research Hypothesis
 𝑃1 : The prevalence of CKD in adults(>=18 years) who have intended
risk factor (every time we survey).
 𝑃2 : The prevalence of CKD in adults(>=18 years) who have NOT
intended risk factor (every time we survey).
13
Two-Sided Hypothesis:
NULL Hypothesis 𝐻0: 𝑃1 = 𝑃2
Alternative Hypothesis 𝐻1: 𝑃1 ≠ 𝑃2

14. Research Objective
We conducted a population-based survey in Tibet to identify
the prevalence and associated risk factors of CKD in subjects
living at altitudes of >3500 m.
14

15. Variables in the Research
15
No Variable Type Measurement Scale Categories
1 Age (years) Independent Interval -
2 Weight (kg) Independent Interval -
3 Serum creatinine (μmol/L) Independent Interval -
4 Blood cholesterol (mmol/L) Independent Interval -
5 Serum triglyceride (mmol/L) Independent Interval -
6 Blood uric acid (μmol/L) Independent Interval -
7 Fast blood glucose (mmol/L) Independent Interval -
8 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) Independent Interval -
9 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) Independent Interval -
10 Hemoglobin (g/L) Independent Interval -
11 Hematocrit Independent Interval -

16. Variables in the Research
16
No Variable Type Measurement Scale Categories
12 BMI Independent Interval -
13 ≥High school education Independent Nominal Above/Under
14 Health insurance coverage Independent Nominal Yes/No
15 Smoking Independent Nominal Yes/No
16 History of CKD Independent Nominal Yes/No
17 Family history of diabetes Background Nominal Yes/No
18 Family history of hypertension Background Nominal Yes/No
19 Family history of CKD Background Nominal Yes/No
20 Repeatedly respiratory tract infection Background Nominal Yes/No
21 Nephrotoxic medications Independent Nominal Yes/No
22 Obesity Independent Nominal Yes/No

17. Variables in the Research
17
No Variable Type Measurement Scale Categories
23 Central obesity Independent Nominal Yes/No
24 Metabolic syndrome Independent Nominal Yes/No
25 Hypertension Independent Nominal Yes/No
26 Diabetes Independent Nominal Yes/No
27 Hyperlipidemia Independent Nominal Yes/No
28 Hyperuricemia Independent Nominal Yes/No
29 Cardiovascular disease Independent Nominal Yes/No
30 eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 Independent Nominal Yes(<60)/No(>60)
31 ACR >30 mg/g Independent Nominal Yes(>30)/No(<30)
32 Hematuria Independent Nominal Yes/No
33 CKD Status Dependent Nominal Yes/No

18. 18

19. 19

20. Result
20
The overall prevalence of CKD (stages 1–5) was 19.1% (95% CI: 17.9–
22.3%) after adjustment for age and gender (Table 2). The prevalence of CKD in
CKD stage from 1 to 5 was 12.8%, 4.6%, 1.1%, 0.3% and 0.3%, respectively.
The prevalence of CKD was higher in the subjects with hyperuricaemia (32.3%
versus 12.5%, P = 0.0001), hypertension (29.2% versus 11.9%, P = 0.0001),
hyperlipidaemia (23.1% versus 10.1%, P < 0.001) and metabolic syndrome
(21.8% versus 12.1%, P < 0.001) compared with subjects without these
indicators, respectively. No difference of CKD prevalence was found between
male and female subjects (18.9% versus 19.9%, P = 0.45), but the prevalence of
CKD increased with increasing age in both groups (P < 0.001 across age
groups).

21. Implementation
of Article
21

22. Dataset
22

23. Normality of variables
23
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

24. What tests?
24
Chi-Square test >> Between CKD and Hypertension
Mann-Whitney test >> Between CKD and Age
Bi-Variate correlation test >> Between eGFR and Age

25. Chi square test
25
Between
CKD and Hypertension

26. Chi-Square test
26

27. Mann-Whitney test
27
Between
CKD and age

28. Bi-Variate correlation test
28
Between
eGFR and age

29. Bi-Variate correlation test
29
Scatter plot

30. Sample size (N)
calculation
30

31. Sample size calculation
31

32. Sample size calculation
32

33. Thanks for
your attention