ROLE OF AN ARCHITECT IN PROJECT REALISATION- The Classic Steps to the Process The process is typically broken down into the following steps: 1. Pre-Design Phase (PD) 2. Schematic Design Phase (SD) 3. Design Development Phase (DD) 4. Construction Documents Phase (CD) 5. Bidding & Negotiation Phase (BN) 6. Construction Observation/Contract Administration Phase (CA) 7. Supplemental Services (SS)

1. ARC 404 : PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
B.ARCH VI SEMESTER : FEBRUARY 2015
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER TOPIC
01 Understanding the basic concepts and terminology in architectural practice
02 The differences between architectural profession and other professional disciplines
03 A clear knowledge of code of conducts and ethics in profession
04 The knowledge of apex monitoring body to protect the interest of the profession
05 Role of an architect in conceptualizing, design proposal until the execution
procedures
06 The relationship between the architect and other executive agencies
07 The legal dimension of professional practice, architect’s role as an arbitrator
08 A comprehensive understanding of office set up, office administration, selection
procedure for various posts, man power management within the office and
resource leveling

2. ARC 404 : PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
B.ARCH VI SEMESTER : FEBRUARY 2015
ROLE OF AN ARCHITECT
An architect in private practice has to perform many different roles:
1. Creative artist & Designer
2. Coordinator of works between various consultants,
contractors and specialized agencies.
3. Educator who educates the client and society at large
4. Environmentalist who helps shape built environment
without disturbing the ecological balance
5. Specialist who specializes in certain aspect of architectural
such as housing, industrial buildings, health services,
interior design etc.
6. Researcher looking for innovative ideas

3. ARC 404 : PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
B.ARCH VI SEMESTER : FEBRUARY 2015
ROLE OF AN ARCHITECT IN PROJECT REALISATION
How The Process Works
The architectural design process is organized to ensure that objectives
are reached in order of priority; the highest priorities are addressed and
the largest design solutions are arrived at first, then the details fall in
place in concert with the larger issues and ideas. Without this approach,
the resulting building is just a random collection of unrelated decisions.
The Classic Steps to the Process
The process is typically broken down into the following steps:
1. Pre-Design Phase (PD)
2. Schematic Design Phase (SD)
3. Design Development Phase (DD)
4. Construction Documents Phase (CD)
5. Bidding & Negotiation Phase (BN)
6. Construction Observation/Contract Administration Phase (CA)
7. Supplemental Services (SS)

4. ARC 404 : PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
B.ARCH VI SEMESTER : FEBRUARY 2015
ROLE OF AN ARCHITECT IN PROJECT REALISATION
1. PRE-DESIGN PHASE (PD)
“Look before you leap”
We gather the information necessary to begin design, and avoid trouble along
the way.
Services may include:
• Develop a program (list of project objectives) and budget
• Obtain site survey (outside consultant)
• Obtain septic analysis and design (outside consultant)
• Investigate zoning regulations and analyze site for possibilities and
limitations
• Measure and draw the existing buildings for base drawings (for
renovations and additions)

5. ARC 404 : PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
B.ARCH VI SEMESTER : FEBRUARY 2015
ROLE OF AN ARCHITECT IN PROJECT REALISATION
2. SCHEMATIC DESIGN PHASE (SD)
“Get the big idea”
We explore broad alternatives in design and construction, and establish the
general arrangement of spaces, character, and over all appearance of the design.
Drawings typically range from diagrammatic to sketchy. Square footage is
analyzed and a cost estimate made.
3. DESIGN DEVELOPMENT PHASE (DD)
“Bring the idea into focus”
Based on the results of SD, we develop the design with more
specifics in form, material, products, etc. These decisions help
solidify design issues in preparation for the construction documents.
Drawings are typically larger and more accurately drafted than SD. A
number of specific products may be researched and selected.
Square footage and cost are revisited.

6. ARC 404 : PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
B.ARCH VI SEMESTER : FEBRUARY 2015
ROLE OF AN ARCHITECT IN PROJECT REALISATION
4. CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS PHASE (CD)
“Engineer and detail the project for construction”
Based on the results of DD, we prepare the necessary drawings, written
specifications and other documents needed by the contractor to price and build
the project. These are also the documents required for a building permit.
5. BIDDING & NEGOTIATION PHASE (BN)
“Arriving at a contract for construction”
If the project is to be bid, competitive bids are solicited from a
number of contractors after the Construction Documents are
finished. You have the option of accepting one of the bids as given,
rejecting all bids, or negotiating a modified bid with one of the
bidders. You are not obligated to accept the lowest bid, nor are you
obligated to accept any of them.
Alternatively, you may choose to select a single builder and negotiate
an agreement with him.

7. ARC 404 : PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
B.ARCH VI SEMESTER : FEBRUARY 2015
ROLE OF AN ARCHITECT IN PROJECT REALISATION
6. CONSTRUCTION OBSERVATION/CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION PHASE
(CA)
“Executing the plan”
Throughout the course of construction we visit the site from time to time to
sample the progress of construction and observe whether or not the
contractor's execution of the design is in line with the intentions. This includes
answering questions, communicating potential problems we may notice with
you and the contractor and negotiating between the three of us to make minor
changes and adjustments required to complete the project. We also will review
requests for payments by the contractor according to your agreement with him,
and tell you whether we believe they are in line with that agreement and the
progress of construction

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ROLE OF AN ARCHITECT IN PROJECT REALISATION
7. SUPPLEMENTAL SERVICES (SS)
Services not included in the core services of SD through CA above, but that may
be desirable or necessary.
Services may include:
• Zoning Variance application forms, documents and presentation
• Coastal Area Management review forms, documents and presentation
• Historic District review forms, documents and presentation
• Computer based or physical three dimensional model
• “Clerk of the Works” or Construction Management services

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References
1. http://www.coa.gov.in/home/home.htm
2. http://www.robertcoolidge.com/process-1.html