The document provides information on how to write a process paragraph, including its key components and characteristics. It discusses that a process paragraph explains how to do, create, or understand something through a series of chronological steps. It provides examples of process paragraphs and breaks them down into their three key parts: the topic sentence introducing the process, the body paragraphs outlining each step in sequence, and the concluding sentence summarizing why following the steps is important. The document also offers advice on ensuring process paragraphs include sufficient detail and logical ordering of steps.

1. UNIT-5:
Process Paragraph
The “How to” Paragraph

2. What is a process?
• A process is a series
of steps that lead
to a desired result.
• A process paragraph
explains how to do,
create, or understand
something.
• For example: how to
bake a cake or how to
improve your grades. Is there a process
for getting rich?

3. Characteristics of Process
Paragraph
• Pay attention to chronological order.
•When the steps are repeated, the same
result should be achieved.
• Pay attention to transitions.
•Modals or Imperatives are the language
of the process paragraph.

4. Is there much detail?
• You must know the
procedure down to the
smallest detail.
• Unless you have
performed the task
successfully yourself,
don't try to write
instructions for it.
• Can you write how to
make a model airplane
if you haven’t done it?

5. What are the right steps?
• Good procedures
divide the process
into logical steps.
• They also guide
readers through the
steps in order, to
reduce the likelihood
of mistakes.
• For example, what
are the steps to
withdraw cash from
ATM?

6. What is in the topic sentence?
The topic sentence:
• Names the process
• Gives background
reasons one should be
interested in knowing
about the process
• Explains technical
terms.
Example:
Every student should
want to know how to
get better grades.

7. What is in the body?
• What parts are in
the body sentences?
• Present the steps of
the process in a
clear manner and in
sequential order
• Transitions like first
and last illustrate
the sequence and to
add interest so that
the paragraph
doesn't sound like a
shopping list.

8. Sample Paragraph
• Winter Driving
If you drive in winter conditions, knowing five steps
possibly can save your life. First, be sure your car is ready.
Check the tires’ tread and air pressure, the battery, and
the antifreeze. Second, stock your car with emergency
roadside supplies. Have a flashlight, jumper cables, and a
shovel. Third, practice winter driving in an empty parking
lot. When you skid, ease your foot off the gas and steer
the car in the direction you want the front end to head.
Next, know your route in advance so your hands do not
leave the steering wheel and your eyes do not leave the
road in an attempt to find directions on a map. The final
step is to know what to do if you do get stuck, stalled, or
stranded. Stay in your car where you will be warmer. Tie a
bright piece of cloth or a marker on your antenna. Run your
car long enough to remove the chill. Do not leave your car
and attempt to walk long distances for help. Following
these five steps will lead to safer winter driving and could
save your life.
Can you break this process paragraph down into its three key parts?

9. Here are the key parts…
• Winter Driving
If you drive in winter conditions, knowing five
steps possibly can save your life. First, besure
your car is ready. Check the tires’ tread and air
pressure, the battery, and the antifreeze. Second,
stock your car with emergency roadside supplies.
Have a flashlight, jumper cables, and a shovel. Third,
practice winter driving in an empty parking lot. When
you skid, ease your foot off the gas and steer the
car in the direction you want the front end to head.
Next, know your route in advance so your hands do
not leave the steering wheel and your eyes do not
leave the road in an attempt to find directions on a
map. Last, know what to do if you do get stuck,
stalled, or stranded. Stay in your car where you will
be warmer. Tie a bright piece of cloth or a marker on
your antenna. Run your car long enough to remove the
chill. Do not leave your car and attempt to walk long
distances for help. Following these five steps will
lead to safer winter driving and just could save
your life.
Every strong paragraph has its beginning, body, and conclusion!
The topic
sentence tells
why it matters.
Can you find
the five main
details in the
body?
The final
sentence
repeats why it
matters.

10. What can the conclusion do?
• Summarize major
steps in a complex
procedure to help
readers review.
• Describe the results
of the process.
• Advise about what
could be done next or
refer reader to
further sources.
What advice would
Mom give?

11. Work in groups, find what is missing in this
paragraph and correct it.
• Car Buying
Buying a good car is easy if you know these steps.
You must decide on a new or used one. You must
figure out your budget and know how much you
want to spend. If you decide to buy a used car,
check the values from the newspaper. For example,
you can research new cars in consumer magazines
and the Internet for price, safety, and value. Road
test to see how the car handles on the freeway,
city streets, and on curves. Check the brakes.
Listen for sounds or squeaks inside the car from
the engine or in the wheels. Ask family and friends
about the car. These steps can help you select the
right car for many years of reliable transportation.

12. • Buying a good car is easy if you know
these steps. First, you must decide on a new
or used one. You must also figure out your
budget and know how much you want to
spend. Then, if you decide to buy a used car,
check the values from the newspaper. For
example, you can research new cars in
consumer magazines and the Internet for
price, safety, and value. As a fourth step,
road test to see how the car handles on the
freeway, city streets, and on curves. Check
the brakes. Listen for sounds or squeaks
inside the car from the engine or in the
wheels. Lastly, ask family and friends about
the car. These steps can help you select
the right car for many years of reliable
transportation.
Every strong paragraph has its beginning, body, and conclusion!
The topic
sentence tells
why it matters.
Can you find
the five main
details in the
body?
The final
sentence
repeats why it
matters.

13. SUMMARY
• Write the process
paragraph to show
someone how to do
something.
• Make the
directions complete
so that the person
can complete the
process without
confusion.
• Finish the process
paragraph up with
a suggestion.

14. Ways to make Breaking up Easier
Breaking up with a boyfriend or girlfriend can be easier said
than done, but here are five steps that may help the breaking up
process. First, try to distance yourself by suddenly becoming busier
than usual. Whenever s/he calls, tell him/her that you are busy and
you cannot talk. The next step is to calmly tell the other person how
you are feeling. Then gently let him or her know that you do not want
to be together anymore. Then make sure to be sensitive of his or her
feelings and answer any questions that he or she may have. For
example, if the person starts to cry, use kind words to help comfort
him or her. After everything is said and done, take some alone time
for yourself because everyone has feelings to sort out after a break
up. Finally, go out with friends and meet new people. With these five
steps it will make the breaking up process smooth for both parties.
SAMPLE PARAGRAPHS

15. How to Live on a Tight Budget
In order to keep a tight budget, you have to find a new job, keep a
record of your money, and take care with your free time. The first
step is to think of getting a second or third job because doing so has
two advantages: you can make more money, and you have less time to
spend the money! Secondly, you must record all the money that you
receive and spend. The money you receive is called your salary, and it
should be more than the money you spend. This is called budget.
Don’t
forget to include money you spend regularly, such as gas, rent, car
insurance, and electricity; also, keep in mind any special checks you
write, such as those you write for food, new shoes, and vacations.
Finally, think about how you spend your free time; try to spend your
free time without spending money! For example, you spend money on
activities like movies, parties, and restaurants. You should cut down
these unnecessary expenses. After you follow these steps, you will
save money, time, and worry.