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process, and conversion costs are added everly during the peocess. Spollage is dolocted upon irspection at the comple Buppose Marzolo Markitacturing Company uses the FiFO metes of procoss costing. III (Click the iaso to viow the data.) Poad the reduitement: Data table Requirement Compute equivalent units for direct materials and conversion costs. Show physical units in the first column of your schedule. Consider the following data for Noverber 2017 from Marzolo Manudacturing Compary, which makes silk ponnaris and ases a picoess-costing sytem All di ect matonals are i process, and comersion costs are added evenly during the process. Spcidage is detectod upon inspocion at the complotion of the process . Spciled uniti are dispesed of at zef Suppose Marzollo Manufacturing Coergiany uses the fifO mothod of procoss costing FIf (Click the icon to vinow the data ) Read the.
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Recommended
Chapter 3Process Cost SystemsAccounting for Process Ma
Chapter 3
Process Cost Systems
Accounting for Process Manufacturers
(slide 1 of 2)
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
2
Accounting for Process Manufacturers
(slide 2 of 2)
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
3
Examples of Process Cost and Job Order Companies
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Comparing Job Order and
Process Cost Systems
Process and job order cost systems are different in several ways.
A process cost system accumulates (records) product costs in work in process accounts for each department. In contrast, a job order cost system accumulates (records) product costs by jobs, using job cost sheets.
In a job order cost system, the work in process at the end of the period is the sum of the job cost sheets for partially completed jobs. In a process cost system, the work in process at the end of the period is the sum of the costs remaining in each department account at the end of the period.
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Cost of Production Report
(slide 1 of 3)
In a process cost system, the cost of units transferred out of each processing department must be determined along with the cost of any partially completed units remaining in the department. The report that summarizes these costs is a cost of production report.
The cost of production report summarizes the production and cost data for a department as follows:
The units the department is accountable for and the disposition of those units.
The product costs incurred by the department and the allocation of those costs between completed (transferred out) and partially completed units.
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Preparing a Cost of Production Report
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Determine units to be assigned costs
Compute equivalent units of production
Determine cost per equivalent unit
Allocate costs to units transferred out and to partially completed units
Cost of Production Report
(slide 2 of 3)
Preparing a cost of production report requires making a cost flow assumption.
Like merchandise inventory, costs can be assumed to flow through the manufacturing process using the first-in, first-out (F I F O), last-in, first-out (L I F O), or average cost methods.
Because the first-in, first-out (F I F O) method is often the same as the physical flow of units, the FIFO method is used in this chapter.
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, ...
Unit 9 costing methods
This document discusses different costing methods used in management accounting including job costing, process costing, batch costing, contract costing, and service costing. It provides examples and explanations of key concepts in job costing like job cost sheets, predetermined overhead rates, and manufacturing overhead. Process costing is explained as a method used for mass production of nearly identical units where costs are accumulated and assigned to units produced. Batch costing is defined as identifying and assigning costs to a set amount of similar goods produced in a batch. Contract costing applies especially to long-term construction projects performed over multiple periods. Finally, service costing calculates the full costs of services an entity provides using direct and indirect costs.
Product Costing and Cost Accumulation in a Batch Productio.docx
The document discusses product costing and cost accumulation in a batch production environment. It explains that product costs are used for financial accounting, managerial accounting, and cost management purposes. It also describes how costs flow through a manufacturing firm, beginning with being added to work-in-process inventory, then transferred to finished goods inventory when production is complete, and finally expensed as cost of goods sold when products are sold. The document provides an overview of job-order costing and process costing systems.
ACCT 102 Ch16
1. A process cost system is used to apply costs to mass-produced, homogeneous products made through continuous production processes. Examples include cereal, steel, and oil refining.
2. In a process cost system, costs flow through multiple work in process accounts as products move between connected manufacturing departments or processes. Journal entries are made to assign costs to each work in process account.
3. A production cost report is prepared for each department and involves four steps: computing physical unit flows, equivalent units of production, unit production costs, and a cost reconciliation schedule. This allows costs to be tracked and understood for each manufacturing process.
PROCESS-COSTING
The document discusses process costing methods used in manufacturing. It covers key steps in process costing which include summarizing output flow, computing equivalent units, computing equivalent unit costs, summarizing total costs, and assigning costs to completed and ending work in process units. The document also discusses weighted average, FIFO, and standard costing inventory methods associated with process costing and provides examples to illustrate related concepts and calculations.
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· Nursing research
· Health disparities
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Name_______________________________
Overview:The connect question requires creation of posted transactions common to manufacturing companies to inventory T-accounts. This assignment builds on these transactions with additional detail relating to the application and incurrence of overhead. Students will complete journal entries and common reports relating to the activity through the cost accounts, including clearing any over- or under-applied overhead. Budgeted/estimated, applied and actual overhead will be examined using multiple application methods including traditional predetermined rates and activity-based costing. Various methods of overhead application will be compared in totality as well as more specifically at a job level basis. Students also will explore the impact of overhead costing in the bidding process typical of companies using job costing.
Use “given” and your “results” from HW 2.1 Question 15 on CONNECT relating to Lock-Tite Company to complete the Project requirements below. Make sure you are using CORRECT answers from connect.
1) Write journal entries in good format for Lock-Tite Company for the following transactions for the period as calculated/given in the problem on CONNECT.
Ref.
Account
Debit
Credit
a) Raw Material purchased on account
a
b) Raw Material used as direct and indirect material
b
c) Recognition of direct and indirect labor owed to employees
c
d) Application of factory overhead to work-in-process
d
e) Recognition of Cost of Goods Manufactured
e
f) Recognition of Sales Revenue
f
g) Recognition of Cost of Goods Sold
g
h) Incurrence of other overhead costs (use “various” to represent multiple accounts.
h
2) Adjusting Factory Overhead: Use these T-accounts to complete the requirements below:
COGS
Unadjusted Balance from connect
AJE
Adjusted COGS balances
Factory Overhead
Unadjusted Balance
AJE
Adjusted COGS balances
a) Include the unadjusted balances in the T accounts above. The COGS unadjusted balance can be found in the partial income statement underneath the T accounts on Question 11 of connect HW2.1 assignment. The unadjusted Factory Overhead balance is the last row of the Factory Overhead T account again in Question 15 of connect HW2.1 assignment.
b) Assume Lock-Tite clears all its under- or over-applied overhead to cost of goods sold. Write the “adjusting” journal entry to zero the Factory Overhead account.
c) Post the journal entry to the COGS and FOH T accounts above 2a and calculate the “adjusted balances for ...
Costing system
The document discusses job-order costing, including:
1. Job-order costing is used when different products are produced to customer orders and the unique nature of each job requires tracing costs.
2. Manufacturing overhead is allocated to jobs using a predetermined overhead rate based on an allocation base like direct labor hours.
3. Underapplied or overapplied overhead can occur if actual overhead differs from the amount applied using the predetermined rate.
LO16-1 through LO16-5EXERCISE 16.1Accounting TerminologyLi.docx
LO16-1 through LO16-5
EXERCISE 16.1
Accounting Terminology
Listed below are eight technical accounting terms introduced or emphasized in this chapter: Listed below are eight technical accounting terms introduced or emphasized in this chapter:
1) Work in Process
2) Inventory
3) Cost of finished goods manufactured
4) Conversion costs
5) Cost of Goods Sold
6) Period costs
7) Management accounting
8) Product costs
9) Manufacturing overhead
Each of the following statements may (or may not) describe one of these technical terms. For each statement, indicate the accounting term described, or answer “None” if the statement does not correctly
describe any of the terms.
a. The preparation and use of accounting information designed to assist managers in planning and controlling the operations of a business.
b. All manufacturing costs other than direct materials used and direct labor.
c. Direct materials and direct labor used in manufacturing a product.
d. A manufacturing cost that can be traced conveniently and directly to manufactured units of product.
e. The account debited at the time that the Manufacturing Overhead account is credited.
f. The amount transferred from the Work in Process Inventory account to the Finished Goods Inventory account.
g. Costs that are debited directly to expense accounts when the costs are incurred.
EXERCISE 16.2 (LO16-2)
Basic Types of
Manufacturing Costs
Into which of the three elements of manufacturing cost would each of the following be classified?
a. Tubing used in manufacturing bicycles.
b. Wages paid by an automobile manufacturer to employees who test-drive completed automobiles.
c. Property taxes on machinery.
d. Gold bullion used by a jewelry manufacturer.
e. Wages of assembly-line workers who package frozen food.
f. Salary of plant superintendent.
g. Electricity used in factory operations.
h. Salary of a nurse in a factory first-aid station.
EXERCISE 16.3 (LO16-3 & LO16-5)
Product Costs
and Period Costs
Indicate whether each of the following should be considered a product cost or a period cost. If you identify the item as a product cost, also indicate whether it is a direct or an indirect cost. For example, the answer to item 0 is “indirect product cost.” Begin with item a.
0. Property taxes on factory building.
a. Cost of disposal of hazardous waste materials to a chemical plant.
b. Amounts paid by a mobile home manufacturer to a subcontractor who installs plumbing in each mobile home.
c. Depreciation on sales showroom fixtures.
d. Salaries of security guards in an administrative office building.
EXERCISE 16.6 (LO16-3 & LO16-5)
Flow of Costs through
Manufacturing Accounts
The Ryde and Rowe Inc. had the following account balances as of January 1:
Direct Materials Inventory . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 89,200
Work in Process Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178,400
Fin ...
Recommended
Chapter 3Process Cost SystemsAccounting for Process Ma
Chapter 3
Process Cost Systems
Accounting for Process Manufacturers
(slide 1 of 2)
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
2
Accounting for Process Manufacturers
(slide 2 of 2)
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
3
Examples of Process Cost and Job Order Companies
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Comparing Job Order and
Process Cost Systems
Process and job order cost systems are different in several ways.
A process cost system accumulates (records) product costs in work in process accounts for each department. In contrast, a job order cost system accumulates (records) product costs by jobs, using job cost sheets.
In a job order cost system, the work in process at the end of the period is the sum of the job cost sheets for partially completed jobs. In a process cost system, the work in process at the end of the period is the sum of the costs remaining in each department account at the end of the period.
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Cost of Production Report
(slide 1 of 3)
In a process cost system, the cost of units transferred out of each processing department must be determined along with the cost of any partially completed units remaining in the department. The report that summarizes these costs is a cost of production report.
The cost of production report summarizes the production and cost data for a department as follows:
The units the department is accountable for and the disposition of those units.
The product costs incurred by the department and the allocation of those costs between completed (transferred out) and partially completed units.
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Preparing a Cost of Production Report
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Determine units to be assigned costs
Compute equivalent units of production
Determine cost per equivalent unit
Allocate costs to units transferred out and to partially completed units
Cost of Production Report
(slide 2 of 3)
Preparing a cost of production report requires making a cost flow assumption.
Like merchandise inventory, costs can be assumed to flow through the manufacturing process using the first-in, first-out (F I F O), last-in, first-out (L I F O), or average cost methods.
Because the first-in, first-out (F I F O) method is often the same as the physical flow of units, the FIFO method is used in this chapter.
© 2020 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, ...
Unit 9 costing methods
This document discusses different costing methods used in management accounting including job costing, process costing, batch costing, contract costing, and service costing. It provides examples and explanations of key concepts in job costing like job cost sheets, predetermined overhead rates, and manufacturing overhead. Process costing is explained as a method used for mass production of nearly identical units where costs are accumulated and assigned to units produced. Batch costing is defined as identifying and assigning costs to a set amount of similar goods produced in a batch. Contract costing applies especially to long-term construction projects performed over multiple periods. Finally, service costing calculates the full costs of services an entity provides using direct and indirect costs.
Product Costing and Cost Accumulation in a Batch Productio.docx
The document discusses product costing and cost accumulation in a batch production environment. It explains that product costs are used for financial accounting, managerial accounting, and cost management purposes. It also describes how costs flow through a manufacturing firm, beginning with being added to work-in-process inventory, then transferred to finished goods inventory when production is complete, and finally expensed as cost of goods sold when products are sold. The document provides an overview of job-order costing and process costing systems.
ACCT 102 Ch16
1. A process cost system is used to apply costs to mass-produced, homogeneous products made through continuous production processes. Examples include cereal, steel, and oil refining.
2. In a process cost system, costs flow through multiple work in process accounts as products move between connected manufacturing departments or processes. Journal entries are made to assign costs to each work in process account.
3. A production cost report is prepared for each department and involves four steps: computing physical unit flows, equivalent units of production, unit production costs, and a cost reconciliation schedule. This allows costs to be tracked and understood for each manufacturing process.
PROCESS-COSTING
The document discusses process costing methods used in manufacturing. It covers key steps in process costing which include summarizing output flow, computing equivalent units, computing equivalent unit costs, summarizing total costs, and assigning costs to completed and ending work in process units. The document also discusses weighted average, FIFO, and standard costing inventory methods associated with process costing and provides examples to illustrate related concepts and calculations.
By Analyzing and Utilizing Jean Watson theory of caring, creat
By Analyzing and Utilizing Jean Watson theory of caring, create 6-7 slides PowerPoints including your sources on Improvement in two nursing areas:
· Nursing research
· Health disparities
Your sources should be within the last 5 years. Only 2 sources
Name_______________________________
Overview:The connect question requires creation of posted transactions common to manufacturing companies to inventory T-accounts. This assignment builds on these transactions with additional detail relating to the application and incurrence of overhead. Students will complete journal entries and common reports relating to the activity through the cost accounts, including clearing any over- or under-applied overhead. Budgeted/estimated, applied and actual overhead will be examined using multiple application methods including traditional predetermined rates and activity-based costing. Various methods of overhead application will be compared in totality as well as more specifically at a job level basis. Students also will explore the impact of overhead costing in the bidding process typical of companies using job costing.
Use “given” and your “results” from HW 2.1 Question 15 on CONNECT relating to Lock-Tite Company to complete the Project requirements below. Make sure you are using CORRECT answers from connect.
1) Write journal entries in good format for Lock-Tite Company for the following transactions for the period as calculated/given in the problem on CONNECT.
Ref.
Account
Debit
Credit
a) Raw Material purchased on account
a
b) Raw Material used as direct and indirect material
b
c) Recognition of direct and indirect labor owed to employees
c
d) Application of factory overhead to work-in-process
d
e) Recognition of Cost of Goods Manufactured
e
f) Recognition of Sales Revenue
f
g) Recognition of Cost of Goods Sold
g
h) Incurrence of other overhead costs (use “various” to represent multiple accounts.
h
2) Adjusting Factory Overhead: Use these T-accounts to complete the requirements below:
COGS
Unadjusted Balance from connect
AJE
Adjusted COGS balances
Factory Overhead
Unadjusted Balance
AJE
Adjusted COGS balances
a) Include the unadjusted balances in the T accounts above. The COGS unadjusted balance can be found in the partial income statement underneath the T accounts on Question 11 of connect HW2.1 assignment. The unadjusted Factory Overhead balance is the last row of the Factory Overhead T account again in Question 15 of connect HW2.1 assignment.
b) Assume Lock-Tite clears all its under- or over-applied overhead to cost of goods sold. Write the “adjusting” journal entry to zero the Factory Overhead account.
c) Post the journal entry to the COGS and FOH T accounts above 2a and calculate the “adjusted balances for ...
Costing system
The document discusses job-order costing, including:
1. Job-order costing is used when different products are produced to customer orders and the unique nature of each job requires tracing costs.
2. Manufacturing overhead is allocated to jobs using a predetermined overhead rate based on an allocation base like direct labor hours.
3. Underapplied or overapplied overhead can occur if actual overhead differs from the amount applied using the predetermined rate.
LO16-1 through LO16-5EXERCISE 16.1Accounting TerminologyLi.docx
LO16-1 through LO16-5
EXERCISE 16.1
Accounting Terminology
Listed below are eight technical accounting terms introduced or emphasized in this chapter: Listed below are eight technical accounting terms introduced or emphasized in this chapter:
1) Work in Process
2) Inventory
3) Cost of finished goods manufactured
4) Conversion costs
5) Cost of Goods Sold
6) Period costs
7) Management accounting
8) Product costs
9) Manufacturing overhead
Each of the following statements may (or may not) describe one of these technical terms. For each statement, indicate the accounting term described, or answer “None” if the statement does not correctly
describe any of the terms.
a. The preparation and use of accounting information designed to assist managers in planning and controlling the operations of a business.
b. All manufacturing costs other than direct materials used and direct labor.
c. Direct materials and direct labor used in manufacturing a product.
d. A manufacturing cost that can be traced conveniently and directly to manufactured units of product.
e. The account debited at the time that the Manufacturing Overhead account is credited.
f. The amount transferred from the Work in Process Inventory account to the Finished Goods Inventory account.
g. Costs that are debited directly to expense accounts when the costs are incurred.
EXERCISE 16.2 (LO16-2)
Basic Types of
Manufacturing Costs
Into which of the three elements of manufacturing cost would each of the following be classified?
a. Tubing used in manufacturing bicycles.
b. Wages paid by an automobile manufacturer to employees who test-drive completed automobiles.
c. Property taxes on machinery.
d. Gold bullion used by a jewelry manufacturer.
e. Wages of assembly-line workers who package frozen food.
f. Salary of plant superintendent.
g. Electricity used in factory operations.
h. Salary of a nurse in a factory first-aid station.
EXERCISE 16.3 (LO16-3 & LO16-5)
Product Costs
and Period Costs
Indicate whether each of the following should be considered a product cost or a period cost. If you identify the item as a product cost, also indicate whether it is a direct or an indirect cost. For example, the answer to item 0 is “indirect product cost.” Begin with item a.
0. Property taxes on factory building.
a. Cost of disposal of hazardous waste materials to a chemical plant.
b. Amounts paid by a mobile home manufacturer to a subcontractor who installs plumbing in each mobile home.
c. Depreciation on sales showroom fixtures.
d. Salaries of security guards in an administrative office building.
EXERCISE 16.6 (LO16-3 & LO16-5)
Flow of Costs through
Manufacturing Accounts
The Ryde and Rowe Inc. had the following account balances as of January 1:
Direct Materials Inventory . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 89,200
Work in Process Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178,400
Fin ...
Economies of scale
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3) Producer equilibrium is reached where the isoquant, representing a certain output level, is tangent to the isocline, representing total factor cost. This maximizes output for a given cost.
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Job-order costing is a system used when a company produces unique products in small batches. It requires tracing costs to individual jobs and maintaining separate cost records for each job. Direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead costs are charged to work in process and then transferred to finished goods as jobs are completed. Manufacturing overhead is applied to jobs using a predetermined overhead rate. Nonmanufacturing costs are expensed in the period incurred rather than assigned to jobs.
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PLEASE PLEASE USE THE CODE BELOW..... THANK YOU
public class SinglyLinkedList<E> implements Cloneable {
//---------------- nested Node class ----------------
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* element and to the subsequent node in the list (or null if this
* is the last node).
*/
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*
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Several students in our college struggle with academic difficulties, mental health problems,
financial issues, and other concerns that require support to overcome them. Background
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judgement or lack of anonymity. The anonymous help application aims to address these
issues and provide a safe space for students to seek support while ensuring their anonymity.
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for individuals to seek support for their mental health and well-being. The app's chat feature
will provide users with real-time communication with mentors, who are matched based on
their expertise using a tag-based routing system. This allows personalised support and
guidance. The app's authentication system ensures anonymity and confidentiality for users.
The proposed solution leverages existing technologies, and we will partner with Student
Guidance Cell to promote the application. We will conduct thorough testing and maintenance
to improve performance and user experience.Ananymous NITC students support
operational feasibility report.
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Problem IV - Stock Investments Mal- Inc- acquired 25- of the outstandi.pdf
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Roy, Ine. on January 1, 2021, by paying $1 , 350 , 000 for 50,000 shares. Roy declared and paid
a $0.50 per share cash dividend on June 30 and again on December 31,2021 . Roy reported net
income of $600 , 000 for the year. At December 31,2021 , the market price of Roy's common
stock was $30 per share. Instruetions (a) Prepare the journal entries for Mal Inc, for 2021
assuming the company cannot exercise significant influence over Roy, Ine. (b) Prepare the
joumal entries for Mal Inc. for 2021, assuming the company can exercise significant influence
over Roy, Inc..
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truth table. 2. Find a simpler statement form that is logically equivalent to p ( p p ) ..
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PLEASE PLEASE USE THE CODE BELOW..... THANK YOU
public class SinglyLinkedList<E> implements Cloneable {
//---------------- nested Node class ----------------
/**
* Node of a singly linked list, which stores a reference to its
* element and to the subsequent node in the list (or null if this
* is the last node).
*/
private static class Node<E> {
/** The element stored at this node */
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/**
* Creates a node with the given element and next node.
*
* @param e the element to be stored
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*/
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element = e;
next = n;
}
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/**
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* @return the element stored at the node
*/
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/**
* Returns the node that follows this one (or null if no such node).
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/**
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*/
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} //----------- end of nested Node class -----------
// instance variables of the SinglyLinkedList
/** The head node of the list */
private Node<E> head = null; // head node of the list (or null if empty)
/** The last node of the list */
private Node<E> tail = null; // last node of the list (or null if empty)
/** Number of nodes in the list */
private int size = 0; // number of nodes in the list
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public SinglyLinkedList() { } // constructs an initially empty list
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/**
* Returns the number of elements in the linked list.
* @return number of elements in the linked list
*/
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public boolean isEmpty() { return size == 0; }
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* Returns (but does not remove) the first element of the list
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*/
public E first() { // returns (but does not remove) the first element
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}
/**
* Returns (but does not remove) the last element of the list.
* @return element at the end of the list (or null if empty)
*/
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- 1. process, and conversion costs are added everly during the peocess. Spollage is dolocted upon irspection at the comple Buppose Marzolo Markitacturing Company uses the FiFO metes of procoss costing. III (Click the iaso to viow the data.) Poad the reduitement: Data table Requirement Compute equivalent units for direct materials and conversion costs. Show physical units in the first column of your schedule. Consider the following data for Noverber 2017 from Marzolo Manudacturing Compary, which makes silk ponnaris and ases a picoess-costing sytem All di ect matonals are i process, and comersion costs are added evenly during the process. Spcidage is detectod upon inspocion at the complotion of the process . Spciled uniti are dispesed of at zef Suppose Marzollo Manufacturing Coergiany uses the fifO mothod of procoss costing FIf (Click the icon to vinow the data ) Read the