The document discusses the history and concepts of probability. It originated from the work of Cardano in the 1560s and correspondence between Pascal and Fermat on games of chance. A random experiment is defined as an experiment with known possible outcomes but an unknown final result. The sample space is the set of all possible outcomes, while an event is a subset of the sample space. Examples of probability are provided for rolling dice, selecting marbles, and flipping coins. Applications of probability discussed include games, artificial intelligence, gambling, stock markets, insurance, and analyzing the COVID-19 pandemic.

1. PROBABILITY AND
ITS APPLICATIONS
HARSHA VARDHAN
CSE-B
22R01A0587

2. HISTORY
The mathematical methods of probability arose in the investigations first
of Gerolamo Cardano in the 1560s (not published until 100 years later), and
then in the correspondence Pierre de Fermat and Blaise Pascal (1654) on
such questions as the fair division of the stake in an interrupted game of
chance. Christiaan Huygens (1657) gave a comprehensive treatment of the
subject
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3. PROBABILITY

4. RANDOM EXPERIMENT : AN EXPERIMENT WHOSE POSSIBLE
OUTCOMES ARE KNOWN BUT A FINAL OUTCOME OR RESULT
IS UNKNOWN IS CALLED RANDOM EVENT.
SAMPLE SPACE:SAMPLE SPACE IS SET OF ALL POSSIBLE
OUTCOMES OF RANDOM EXPERIMENT
EX: TOSSING A COIN :{T,H}
EVENT: EVENT IS SIMPLY THE SUBSET OF A SAMPLE SPACE.
EX: THROWING A SINGLE DICE THEN LET S BE SAMPLE
SPACE THEN S={1,2,3,4,5,6} THEN EVENT OF THE NUMBER IS
EVEN IS (SUBSET OF S)={2,4,6}
OUTCOME: A POSSIBLE RESULT OF A RANDOM EXPERIMENT
SOME ELEMENTS IN PROBABILITY

5. 5
Presentation title

6. EXAMPLES OF PROBABILITY 6
ROLLING
DICE
SELECTING A
MARBLE AT
RANDOM
FLIPPING A
COIN

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8. 8
APPLICATIONS OF PROBABILITY

9. APPLICATION IN GAMES
GALTON BOARD BOARD GAMES

10. APPLICATION IN AI

11. APPLICATION IN GAMBLING AND
BETTINGS

12. APPLICATION IN STOCK MARKET
AND INSURANCE

13. APPLICATION IN COVID-19

14. THANK YOU