The document discusses various privacy topics related to computer technology and new risks to privacy from emerging technologies. It covers key aspects of privacy including freedom from intrusion and surveillance. It also discusses new privacy risks from large government and private databases, sophisticated surveillance tools, and vulnerabilities in data protection. Specific privacy risks examined include data mining, computer matching, profiling, and secondary use of personal information. The document also provides principles for protecting privacy like informed consent, opt-in/opt-out policies, and data retention practices.
Keynote talk for VL/HCC 2018. I talk about why developers should care about privacy, what privacy is and why it is hard, some of our group's research in building better tools to help developers (in particular, Coconut IDE Plug-in and PrivacyStreams), and lastly some frameworks for thinking about privacy and developers.
Data Scientists are going to need to pay attention to the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), set to be published early 2016. Fines for violation are massive.
This document provides an outline for a lecture on introduction to privacy in computing. It covers definitions of privacy, recognition of the need for privacy protections, threats to privacy, and both technical and legal privacy controls. The technical controls section describes privacy-enhancing technologies for protecting user identities, usee identities, and data confidentiality and integrity. The legal controls section lists topics including different legal perspectives on privacy, international privacy laws, privacy law conflicts between regions, and privacy impact assessments.
This document discusses ethical, social, and political issues raised by information systems. It covers topics like privacy, intellectual property, accountability, system quality, and quality of life. Key points addressed include challenges to privacy from technologies like cookies and challenges to intellectual property from digital media. Fair information practices and principles of responsible, accountable, and liable use of information systems are also summarized.
Ethical And Social Issues in MIS - Management Information SystemFaHaD .H. NooR
Â
Information ethics has been defined as "the branch of ethics that focuses on the relationship between the creation, organization, dissemination, and use of information, and the ethical standards and moral codes governing human conduct in society".[1] The term information ethics was first coined by Robert Hauptman and used in the book Ethical challenges in librarianship. It examines the morality that comes from information as a resource, a product, or as a target.[2] It provides a critical framework for considering moral issues concerning informational privacy, moral agency (e.g. whether artificial agents may be moral), new environmental issues (especially how agents should behave in the infosphere), problems arising from the life-cycle (creation, collection, recording, distribution, processing, etc.) of information (especially ownership and copyright, digital divide, and digital rights). It is very vital to understand that librarians, archivists, information professionals among others, really understand the importance of knowing how to disseminate proper information as well as being responsible with their actions when addressing information.[3]
Information ethics has evolved to relate to a range of fields such as computer ethics,[4] medical ethics, journalism[5] and the philosophy of information.
Dilemmas regarding the life of information are becoming increasingly important in a society that is defined as "the information society". The explosion of so much technology has brought information ethics to a forefront in ethical considerations. Information transmission and literacy are essential concerns in establishing an ethical foundation that promotes fair, equitable, and responsible practices. Information ethics broadly examines issues related to ownership, access, privacy, security, and community. It is also concerned with relational issues such as "the relationship between information and the good of society, the relationship between information providers and the consumers of information".[6]
Information technology affects common issues such as copyright protection, intellectual freedom, accountability, privacy, and security. Many of these issues are difficult or impossible to resolve due to fundamental tensions between Western moral philosophies (based on rules, democracy, individual rights, and personal freedoms) and the traditional Eastern cultures (based on relationships, hierarchy, collective responsibilities, and social harmony).[7] The multi-faceted dispute between Google and the government of the People's Republic of China reflects some of these fundamental tensions.
data mining privacy concerns ppt presentationiWriteEssays
Â
Data Mining and privacy Presentation
This is a sample presentation on data mining. The presetation looks at the critical Issues In Data Mining: Privacy, National Security And Personal Liberty Implications Of Data Mining
Big Data Expo 2015 - Data Science Innovation Privacy ConsiderationsBigDataExpo
Â
Data science techniques are capable of producing unanticipated insights from data, with many of these insights potentially crossing the boundary from personalized into intrusive and even generating PII from seemingly anonymous data. Our ability to mathematically derive insights increases with the rise of highly personalized technologies such as mobile devices,
wearables and the internet of things. At the same time, inexpensive
noSQL data stores and cloud technologies have dramatically lowered the threshold for an organization to archive Big Data âjust in caseâ, without truly understanding the data privacy ramifications.
Beginning with an overview of the emerging field of data science, we will discuss how efforts to increasingly produce and leverage personalized
insights interplay with implicit and explicit privacy concerns. The
discussion will cover a range of analytic methodologies, data stores and data sources as well as data protection and the balance between appropriate and inappropriate personalization.
Digital forensics research: The next 10 yearsMehedi Hasan
Â
Todayâs Golden Age of computer forensics is quickly coming to an end. Without a clear strategy for enabling research efforts that build upon one another, forensic research will fall behind the market, tools will become increasingly obsolete, and law enforcement, military and other users of computer forensics products will be unable to rely on the results of forensic analysis. This article summarizes current forensic research directions and argues that to move forward the community needs to adopt standardized, modular approaches for data representation and forensic processing.
@2010 Digital Forensic Research Workshop. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Keynote talk for VL/HCC 2018. I talk about why developers should care about privacy, what privacy is and why it is hard, some of our group's research in building better tools to help developers (in particular, Coconut IDE Plug-in and PrivacyStreams), and lastly some frameworks for thinking about privacy and developers.
Data Scientists are going to need to pay attention to the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), set to be published early 2016. Fines for violation are massive.
This document provides an outline for a lecture on introduction to privacy in computing. It covers definitions of privacy, recognition of the need for privacy protections, threats to privacy, and both technical and legal privacy controls. The technical controls section describes privacy-enhancing technologies for protecting user identities, usee identities, and data confidentiality and integrity. The legal controls section lists topics including different legal perspectives on privacy, international privacy laws, privacy law conflicts between regions, and privacy impact assessments.
This document discusses ethical, social, and political issues raised by information systems. It covers topics like privacy, intellectual property, accountability, system quality, and quality of life. Key points addressed include challenges to privacy from technologies like cookies and challenges to intellectual property from digital media. Fair information practices and principles of responsible, accountable, and liable use of information systems are also summarized.
Ethical And Social Issues in MIS - Management Information SystemFaHaD .H. NooR
Â
Information ethics has been defined as "the branch of ethics that focuses on the relationship between the creation, organization, dissemination, and use of information, and the ethical standards and moral codes governing human conduct in society".[1] The term information ethics was first coined by Robert Hauptman and used in the book Ethical challenges in librarianship. It examines the morality that comes from information as a resource, a product, or as a target.[2] It provides a critical framework for considering moral issues concerning informational privacy, moral agency (e.g. whether artificial agents may be moral), new environmental issues (especially how agents should behave in the infosphere), problems arising from the life-cycle (creation, collection, recording, distribution, processing, etc.) of information (especially ownership and copyright, digital divide, and digital rights). It is very vital to understand that librarians, archivists, information professionals among others, really understand the importance of knowing how to disseminate proper information as well as being responsible with their actions when addressing information.[3]
Information ethics has evolved to relate to a range of fields such as computer ethics,[4] medical ethics, journalism[5] and the philosophy of information.
Dilemmas regarding the life of information are becoming increasingly important in a society that is defined as "the information society". The explosion of so much technology has brought information ethics to a forefront in ethical considerations. Information transmission and literacy are essential concerns in establishing an ethical foundation that promotes fair, equitable, and responsible practices. Information ethics broadly examines issues related to ownership, access, privacy, security, and community. It is also concerned with relational issues such as "the relationship between information and the good of society, the relationship between information providers and the consumers of information".[6]
Information technology affects common issues such as copyright protection, intellectual freedom, accountability, privacy, and security. Many of these issues are difficult or impossible to resolve due to fundamental tensions between Western moral philosophies (based on rules, democracy, individual rights, and personal freedoms) and the traditional Eastern cultures (based on relationships, hierarchy, collective responsibilities, and social harmony).[7] The multi-faceted dispute between Google and the government of the People's Republic of China reflects some of these fundamental tensions.
data mining privacy concerns ppt presentationiWriteEssays
Â
Data Mining and privacy Presentation
This is a sample presentation on data mining. The presetation looks at the critical Issues In Data Mining: Privacy, National Security And Personal Liberty Implications Of Data Mining
Big Data Expo 2015 - Data Science Innovation Privacy ConsiderationsBigDataExpo
Â
Data science techniques are capable of producing unanticipated insights from data, with many of these insights potentially crossing the boundary from personalized into intrusive and even generating PII from seemingly anonymous data. Our ability to mathematically derive insights increases with the rise of highly personalized technologies such as mobile devices,
wearables and the internet of things. At the same time, inexpensive
noSQL data stores and cloud technologies have dramatically lowered the threshold for an organization to archive Big Data âjust in caseâ, without truly understanding the data privacy ramifications.
Beginning with an overview of the emerging field of data science, we will discuss how efforts to increasingly produce and leverage personalized
insights interplay with implicit and explicit privacy concerns. The
discussion will cover a range of analytic methodologies, data stores and data sources as well as data protection and the balance between appropriate and inappropriate personalization.
Digital forensics research: The next 10 yearsMehedi Hasan
Â
Todayâs Golden Age of computer forensics is quickly coming to an end. Without a clear strategy for enabling research efforts that build upon one another, forensic research will fall behind the market, tools will become increasingly obsolete, and law enforcement, military and other users of computer forensics products will be unable to rely on the results of forensic analysis. This article summarizes current forensic research directions and argues that to move forward the community needs to adopt standardized, modular approaches for data representation and forensic processing.
@2010 Digital Forensic Research Workshop. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
This document discusses the ethical and social issues related to information systems. It identifies several principles of ethics that can guide decisions, such as the golden rule. It also discusses challenges like protecting privacy and intellectual property online. Key issues discussed include privacy, property rights, accountability, system quality, and the impact of technology on quality of life. Solutions proposed include technical approaches like P3P and the importance of codes of conduct and legal frameworks.
The document discusses several topics related to ethics and privacy when dealing with information technology:
1. It introduces four common ethical frameworks used to evaluate decisions: utilitarian, rights-based, fairness-based, and common good approaches.
2. It outlines some fundamental tenets of ethics like responsibility, accountability, and liability that are important in a corporate environment.
3. It identifies four general categories of ethical issues related to IT: privacy, accuracy, property, and accessibility. It provides examples of issues that fall under each category.
4. It focuses specifically on privacy issues, outlining concerns around electronic surveillance, personal information in databases, information shared online, and international differences in privacy laws and standards.
Privacy Engineering: Enabling Mobility of Mental Health Services with Data Pr...CREST
Â
This presentation describes privacy engineering for mobile health apps. it revealed that top-ranked apps lack fundamental data protection mechanisms, and that explicit and understandable consent in apps is needed for data access/sharing within or across organisations
How People Care about their Personal Datatheir Data Released onReleased on So...Kellyton Brito
Â
Content sharing services have become immensely popular on the Web. More than 1 billion people use this kind of services to communicate with friends and exchange all sorts of information. In this new context, privacy guarantees are essential: guarantees about the potential release of data to unintended recipients and the use of user data by the service provider. Although the general public is concerned about privacy questions related to unintended audiences, data usage by service providers is still misunderstood. In order to further explore this level of misunderstanding, this work presents the results of a survey conducted among 900 people with the aim of discovering how people care about the use of their personal data by service providers in terms of social media. From the results, we found that: (i) in general people do not read license terms and do not know very much about service policies, and when presented with these policies people do not agree with them; (ii) a good number of people would support alternative models such as paying for privacy or selling their personal data; and (iii) there are some differences between generations in relation to how they care about their data.
An itinerary for FAIR and privacy respecting data-driven innovation and researchMarlon Domingus
Â
My talk for the National eScience Symposium 2017 in the Internet of Things track, October 12 2017.
TALK: An itinerary for FAIR and privacy respecting data-driven innovation and research
ABSTRACT: The big picture of the complex landscape of e-science, technology, legal and ethical responsibilities addressed. How to apply privacy values and responsibilities to new technological platforms like the IoT? Can we find an approach that ensures a high level of privacy protection and at the same time supports the interest of researchers and increase innovation? A practical recap of the most important recommendations for researchers creating collaborations and infrastructures.
The document discusses several key topics related to data privacy in the digital economy:
- Challenges of safeguarding privacy rights with the rise of technology and data collection.
- Assessing privacy maturity based on generally accepted privacy principles.
- Implementing privacy enhancing technologies and practices like privacy by design.
- Understanding consumer concerns about privacy and gaining their consent for data use.
This document discusses concepts related to information management and ICT literacy. It covers topics such as data collection and storage, traditional and database-based information storage, data and information privacy when publishing online, information security behaviors, and collaboration tools. The learning objectives are to understand processes of data collection and storage, information storage methods, privacy and security concepts, and how to use collaboration tools. Specific techniques for data collection and storage methods like databases are explained. The importance of privacy controls like anonymization and tools for collaboration like Google Drive are also covered.
Privacy experience in Plone and other open source CMSInteraktiv
Â
This document discusses privacy experience in open source content management systems (CMS) like Plone. It begins by explaining why privacy matters and providing examples of recent privacy issues. It then discusses different approaches to privacy internationally and how this affects global open source communities. The document proposes universal privacy principles and discusses how privacy can be ensured in open source CMS communities specifically, with suggestions for Plone. It emphasizes a preventative, privacy by design approach.
This document discusses ethical and social issues related to information systems. It begins with definitions of ethics and morals. It then outlines the key topics to be covered, including ethical frameworks, how information systems challenge privacy and intellectual property, and how laws have evolved in response. Specific issues raised by information systems are around information rights, property rights, accountability, system quality and quality of life. Technical capabilities like cookies and data collection also impact privacy. Society and governments have responded through regulations like GDPR to address these challenges.
This document contains content from a chapter on ethical and social issues in information systems. It discusses several key topics: privacy and data collection and how new technologies challenge privacy protections; intellectual property issues raised by digital media; accountability and liability concerns regarding software and data quality; and impacts of technology on quality of life such as job losses and the digital divide. Ethical analysis approaches are presented for identifying stakeholders, options, and consequences of decisions regarding these issues.
ETHICAL ISSUES WITH CUSTOMER DATA COLLECTIONPranav Godse
Â
Data mining involves collecting and analyzing large amounts of customer data. While this can provide commercial benefits, it also raises ethical issues regarding customer privacy. Some key ethical challenges include ambiguity around how social networks label relationships, uncertainty around future uses of customer data by companies, and a lack of transparency around passive collection of mobile location data. To address these challenges, companies should focus on ethical data mining practices like verifying data sources, respecting customer expectations of privacy, developing trust through transparency and control over data access. Regulators also need to continue updating laws and regulations to balance the benefits of data analytics with protecting individual privacy rights.
Ethical and social issues in management information systems for BBA hons pro...Tonmoy zahid Rishad
Â
Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems
In the past 10 years, we have witnessed, arguably, one of the most ethically challenging periods for U.S. and global business. In todayâs new legal environment, managers who violate the law and are convicted will most likely spend time in prison. Ethics refers to the principles of right and wrong that individuals, acting as free moral agents, use to make choices to guide their behaviors. When using information systems, it is essential to ask, âWhat is the ethical and socially responsible course of actin?â
A Model for Thinking about Ethical, Social and Political Issues
Ethical, social, and political issues are closely linked. The ethical dilemma you may face as a manager of information systems typically is reflected in social and political debate.
The Software and Data Licensing Solution: Not Your Dadâs UBMTA mhaendel
Â
Presented at the Association of University Technology Managers (AUTM) Annual Conference 2018
Moderator: Arvin Paranjpe, Oregon Health & Science University
Speakers: Frank Curci, Ater Wynne LLP
Melissa Haendel, Oregon Health & Science University
Charles Williams, University of Oregon
Big data is an open frontier, and itâs quickly expanding. However, transaction costs and legal barriers stand squarely in the way of meaningful, far-reaching data integration. Weâll grapple with the issues regarding a large-scale data integration project across humans, model and non-model organisms. Without pointing fingers, weâll also share a few highlights from the (Re)usable Data Project, which outlined a five-part rubric to evaluate data licenses with respect to clarity and the reuse and redistribution of data. In addition, the topic raises the question: How well-suited are off-the-shelf software and data licenses for universities? Data scientists and software programmers are all too quick to pick one when they release their technology on GitHub. What should technology transfer professionals
recommend? Weâll discuss the usefulness and attributes of a uniform software and data license for university researchers and software programmers.
This document discusses information privacy and its technical, organizational, and social implications. It begins by defining information privacy and the relationship between data collection, technology, public expectations of privacy, and legal issues. It then covers topics like personally identifiable information, the types of data collected online, and technical tools and devices related to privacy. The document also addresses the costs of information privacy for governments, companies, and consumers. It discusses perspectives on privacy from different generations and countries. Finally, it covers organizational privacy policies and standards, as well as some high-profile data breach cases and the importance of information security.
A Case for Expectation Informed Design - Fullgloriakt
Â
This document provides a summary of Marie Joan Kristine T. Gloria's presentation on expectation informed design. The presentation contained 5 sections:
1. Problem and motivation regarding privacy issues and data collection online
2. Expectations in terms of understanding choice, consent, and cognitive psychology perspectives
3. The Eliciting Expectation Project which aims to measure privacy expectations through surveys and focus groups
4. Preliminary analysis of surveys completed by legal professionals which found high expectations of privacy and violations but neutral expectations of agency
5. Plans for future work to continue analyzing survey results and potentially conduct interviews
A Lifecycle Approach to Information PrivacyMicah Altman
Â
The document discusses challenges in privacy across the lifecycle of data from collection to dissemination and proposes taking a lifecycle approach. It analyzes how concepts like differential privacy could address issues raised at different stages and questions that approach generates regarding legal and technical issues. The goal is to advance interdisciplinary research at the intersection of law, social science, public policy, data collection methods, data management, statistics, and computer science.
Week 14 Discussion Ethics and Information Management (Click to Readnicolleszkyj
Â
Week 14 Discussion: Ethics and Information Management (Click to Read Instructions)
Ethics and Information Management
Using  University library and/or other sources, read at least four (4) academically reviewed articles on the ethical issues that may arise in information management. Please note that Wikipedia articles will not be accepted for this discussion.
1.   Write a comparative analysis of the articles noting the similarities and differences.
2.   Compare the information in those articles to the materials in Chapter 14 of your textbook. Does the premise of those articles support the overall theme of the materials in Chapter 14 of your textbook? Why or why not?
3.   Discuss what you learned from those articles. In your discussion, give example(s) of your organization handles ethic concerns as they relate to information management.
Required:
Post your original discussion no later than day 5 of week 14. Â Read and respond to at least 2 of your classmatesâ posts. Review discussion/posting requirements.
Be sure to support your work with specific citations using APA format
Read a selection of your colleagues' postings using one or more of the following ways:
⢠Share an insight from having read your colleagues' postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.
⢠Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the class materials or from your own research.
⢠Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.
⢠Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.
⢠Expand on your colleagues' postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.
Return to this Discussion several times to read the responses to your initial posting. Note what you have learned and/or any insights you have gained.
Reply o class mates:
class mate1
:
 Similarities:
The most understood authentic trouble in records improvement join; automatic horrific behavior and facts System safety. This infers there is a growing quantity of clients who makes use of the net aid for entire bad conduct. The infringement which can be submitted through statistics improvement join hacking, PC illnesses, click on blackmail on advancing agencies, copyright infringement going on to robbery of reducing part matters and good buy misrepresentation through faux epitome. Of course there's information form safety that normally incorporate smash of a few different consumer's guarantee. This for the most thing as a result of weak point inside the device, programming or PC systems that gives Hackers Avenue to increment unapproved get to. Unapproved get to, facts adversity, PC contaminations and biometric recognizing affirmation are the troubles associated with records device security (Laudon, 2015).Â
Differences:
Diverse issues that were no longer the equal due to the fact the articles consolidate; weight on IT professionals w ...
Privacy in todayâs connected world is an illusion. All of our transactional data, both online and real-world can be mined. If someone truly wanted access to your information, they could have it with relatively little effort. As a result, privacy has begun to be regarded as a luxury item. What are the risks associated with your behavior? Why are data breaches so prevalent? What can you do to protect yourself? In this presentation, I share subject matter expertise derived from data security research and project-specific cybersecurity trend analysis. I share some practices Iâve developed in an effort to be better educated personally and make more informed choices about my own behavior.
This document discusses social media and its use in enterprises. It covers topics like defining social media, how enterprises use it, related ethics and impacts on privacy and intellectual property. Case studies of companies like Facebook are discussed. The document also covers managing ethical issues around information systems, including principles of privacy, property rights, accountability and quality of life. Fair information practices and their application to privacy laws are summarized.
This paper was presented at the 'Towards a Magna Carta for Data' workshop at the RDS in Dublin, Sept 17th. It discusses how considerations of the ethics of big data consist of much more than the issues of privacy and security that it often gets boiled down to, and argues that the various ethical issues related to big data are multidimensional and contested; vary in nature across domains, and which ethical philosophy is adopted matters to the deliberation over data rights.
This document discusses the ethical and social issues related to information systems. It identifies several principles of ethics that can guide decisions, such as the golden rule. It also discusses challenges like protecting privacy and intellectual property online. Key issues discussed include privacy, property rights, accountability, system quality, and the impact of technology on quality of life. Solutions proposed include technical approaches like P3P and the importance of codes of conduct and legal frameworks.
The document discusses several topics related to ethics and privacy when dealing with information technology:
1. It introduces four common ethical frameworks used to evaluate decisions: utilitarian, rights-based, fairness-based, and common good approaches.
2. It outlines some fundamental tenets of ethics like responsibility, accountability, and liability that are important in a corporate environment.
3. It identifies four general categories of ethical issues related to IT: privacy, accuracy, property, and accessibility. It provides examples of issues that fall under each category.
4. It focuses specifically on privacy issues, outlining concerns around electronic surveillance, personal information in databases, information shared online, and international differences in privacy laws and standards.
Privacy Engineering: Enabling Mobility of Mental Health Services with Data Pr...CREST
Â
This presentation describes privacy engineering for mobile health apps. it revealed that top-ranked apps lack fundamental data protection mechanisms, and that explicit and understandable consent in apps is needed for data access/sharing within or across organisations
How People Care about their Personal Datatheir Data Released onReleased on So...Kellyton Brito
Â
Content sharing services have become immensely popular on the Web. More than 1 billion people use this kind of services to communicate with friends and exchange all sorts of information. In this new context, privacy guarantees are essential: guarantees about the potential release of data to unintended recipients and the use of user data by the service provider. Although the general public is concerned about privacy questions related to unintended audiences, data usage by service providers is still misunderstood. In order to further explore this level of misunderstanding, this work presents the results of a survey conducted among 900 people with the aim of discovering how people care about the use of their personal data by service providers in terms of social media. From the results, we found that: (i) in general people do not read license terms and do not know very much about service policies, and when presented with these policies people do not agree with them; (ii) a good number of people would support alternative models such as paying for privacy or selling their personal data; and (iii) there are some differences between generations in relation to how they care about their data.
An itinerary for FAIR and privacy respecting data-driven innovation and researchMarlon Domingus
Â
My talk for the National eScience Symposium 2017 in the Internet of Things track, October 12 2017.
TALK: An itinerary for FAIR and privacy respecting data-driven innovation and research
ABSTRACT: The big picture of the complex landscape of e-science, technology, legal and ethical responsibilities addressed. How to apply privacy values and responsibilities to new technological platforms like the IoT? Can we find an approach that ensures a high level of privacy protection and at the same time supports the interest of researchers and increase innovation? A practical recap of the most important recommendations for researchers creating collaborations and infrastructures.
The document discusses several key topics related to data privacy in the digital economy:
- Challenges of safeguarding privacy rights with the rise of technology and data collection.
- Assessing privacy maturity based on generally accepted privacy principles.
- Implementing privacy enhancing technologies and practices like privacy by design.
- Understanding consumer concerns about privacy and gaining their consent for data use.
This document discusses concepts related to information management and ICT literacy. It covers topics such as data collection and storage, traditional and database-based information storage, data and information privacy when publishing online, information security behaviors, and collaboration tools. The learning objectives are to understand processes of data collection and storage, information storage methods, privacy and security concepts, and how to use collaboration tools. Specific techniques for data collection and storage methods like databases are explained. The importance of privacy controls like anonymization and tools for collaboration like Google Drive are also covered.
Privacy experience in Plone and other open source CMSInteraktiv
Â
This document discusses privacy experience in open source content management systems (CMS) like Plone. It begins by explaining why privacy matters and providing examples of recent privacy issues. It then discusses different approaches to privacy internationally and how this affects global open source communities. The document proposes universal privacy principles and discusses how privacy can be ensured in open source CMS communities specifically, with suggestions for Plone. It emphasizes a preventative, privacy by design approach.
This document discusses ethical and social issues related to information systems. It begins with definitions of ethics and morals. It then outlines the key topics to be covered, including ethical frameworks, how information systems challenge privacy and intellectual property, and how laws have evolved in response. Specific issues raised by information systems are around information rights, property rights, accountability, system quality and quality of life. Technical capabilities like cookies and data collection also impact privacy. Society and governments have responded through regulations like GDPR to address these challenges.
This document contains content from a chapter on ethical and social issues in information systems. It discusses several key topics: privacy and data collection and how new technologies challenge privacy protections; intellectual property issues raised by digital media; accountability and liability concerns regarding software and data quality; and impacts of technology on quality of life such as job losses and the digital divide. Ethical analysis approaches are presented for identifying stakeholders, options, and consequences of decisions regarding these issues.
ETHICAL ISSUES WITH CUSTOMER DATA COLLECTIONPranav Godse
Â
Data mining involves collecting and analyzing large amounts of customer data. While this can provide commercial benefits, it also raises ethical issues regarding customer privacy. Some key ethical challenges include ambiguity around how social networks label relationships, uncertainty around future uses of customer data by companies, and a lack of transparency around passive collection of mobile location data. To address these challenges, companies should focus on ethical data mining practices like verifying data sources, respecting customer expectations of privacy, developing trust through transparency and control over data access. Regulators also need to continue updating laws and regulations to balance the benefits of data analytics with protecting individual privacy rights.
Ethical and social issues in management information systems for BBA hons pro...Tonmoy zahid Rishad
Â
Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems
In the past 10 years, we have witnessed, arguably, one of the most ethically challenging periods for U.S. and global business. In todayâs new legal environment, managers who violate the law and are convicted will most likely spend time in prison. Ethics refers to the principles of right and wrong that individuals, acting as free moral agents, use to make choices to guide their behaviors. When using information systems, it is essential to ask, âWhat is the ethical and socially responsible course of actin?â
A Model for Thinking about Ethical, Social and Political Issues
Ethical, social, and political issues are closely linked. The ethical dilemma you may face as a manager of information systems typically is reflected in social and political debate.
The Software and Data Licensing Solution: Not Your Dadâs UBMTA mhaendel
Â
Presented at the Association of University Technology Managers (AUTM) Annual Conference 2018
Moderator: Arvin Paranjpe, Oregon Health & Science University
Speakers: Frank Curci, Ater Wynne LLP
Melissa Haendel, Oregon Health & Science University
Charles Williams, University of Oregon
Big data is an open frontier, and itâs quickly expanding. However, transaction costs and legal barriers stand squarely in the way of meaningful, far-reaching data integration. Weâll grapple with the issues regarding a large-scale data integration project across humans, model and non-model organisms. Without pointing fingers, weâll also share a few highlights from the (Re)usable Data Project, which outlined a five-part rubric to evaluate data licenses with respect to clarity and the reuse and redistribution of data. In addition, the topic raises the question: How well-suited are off-the-shelf software and data licenses for universities? Data scientists and software programmers are all too quick to pick one when they release their technology on GitHub. What should technology transfer professionals
recommend? Weâll discuss the usefulness and attributes of a uniform software and data license for university researchers and software programmers.
This document discusses information privacy and its technical, organizational, and social implications. It begins by defining information privacy and the relationship between data collection, technology, public expectations of privacy, and legal issues. It then covers topics like personally identifiable information, the types of data collected online, and technical tools and devices related to privacy. The document also addresses the costs of information privacy for governments, companies, and consumers. It discusses perspectives on privacy from different generations and countries. Finally, it covers organizational privacy policies and standards, as well as some high-profile data breach cases and the importance of information security.
A Case for Expectation Informed Design - Fullgloriakt
Â
This document provides a summary of Marie Joan Kristine T. Gloria's presentation on expectation informed design. The presentation contained 5 sections:
1. Problem and motivation regarding privacy issues and data collection online
2. Expectations in terms of understanding choice, consent, and cognitive psychology perspectives
3. The Eliciting Expectation Project which aims to measure privacy expectations through surveys and focus groups
4. Preliminary analysis of surveys completed by legal professionals which found high expectations of privacy and violations but neutral expectations of agency
5. Plans for future work to continue analyzing survey results and potentially conduct interviews
A Lifecycle Approach to Information PrivacyMicah Altman
Â
The document discusses challenges in privacy across the lifecycle of data from collection to dissemination and proposes taking a lifecycle approach. It analyzes how concepts like differential privacy could address issues raised at different stages and questions that approach generates regarding legal and technical issues. The goal is to advance interdisciplinary research at the intersection of law, social science, public policy, data collection methods, data management, statistics, and computer science.
Week 14 Discussion Ethics and Information Management (Click to Readnicolleszkyj
Â
Week 14 Discussion: Ethics and Information Management (Click to Read Instructions)
Ethics and Information Management
Using  University library and/or other sources, read at least four (4) academically reviewed articles on the ethical issues that may arise in information management. Please note that Wikipedia articles will not be accepted for this discussion.
1.   Write a comparative analysis of the articles noting the similarities and differences.
2.   Compare the information in those articles to the materials in Chapter 14 of your textbook. Does the premise of those articles support the overall theme of the materials in Chapter 14 of your textbook? Why or why not?
3.   Discuss what you learned from those articles. In your discussion, give example(s) of your organization handles ethic concerns as they relate to information management.
Required:
Post your original discussion no later than day 5 of week 14. Â Read and respond to at least 2 of your classmatesâ posts. Review discussion/posting requirements.
Be sure to support your work with specific citations using APA format
Read a selection of your colleagues' postings using one or more of the following ways:
⢠Share an insight from having read your colleagues' postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.
⢠Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the class materials or from your own research.
⢠Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.
⢠Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.
⢠Expand on your colleagues' postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.
Return to this Discussion several times to read the responses to your initial posting. Note what you have learned and/or any insights you have gained.
Reply o class mates:
class mate1
:
 Similarities:
The most understood authentic trouble in records improvement join; automatic horrific behavior and facts System safety. This infers there is a growing quantity of clients who makes use of the net aid for entire bad conduct. The infringement which can be submitted through statistics improvement join hacking, PC illnesses, click on blackmail on advancing agencies, copyright infringement going on to robbery of reducing part matters and good buy misrepresentation through faux epitome. Of course there's information form safety that normally incorporate smash of a few different consumer's guarantee. This for the most thing as a result of weak point inside the device, programming or PC systems that gives Hackers Avenue to increment unapproved get to. Unapproved get to, facts adversity, PC contaminations and biometric recognizing affirmation are the troubles associated with records device security (Laudon, 2015).Â
Differences:
Diverse issues that were no longer the equal due to the fact the articles consolidate; weight on IT professionals w ...
Privacy in todayâs connected world is an illusion. All of our transactional data, both online and real-world can be mined. If someone truly wanted access to your information, they could have it with relatively little effort. As a result, privacy has begun to be regarded as a luxury item. What are the risks associated with your behavior? Why are data breaches so prevalent? What can you do to protect yourself? In this presentation, I share subject matter expertise derived from data security research and project-specific cybersecurity trend analysis. I share some practices Iâve developed in an effort to be better educated personally and make more informed choices about my own behavior.
This document discusses social media and its use in enterprises. It covers topics like defining social media, how enterprises use it, related ethics and impacts on privacy and intellectual property. Case studies of companies like Facebook are discussed. The document also covers managing ethical issues around information systems, including principles of privacy, property rights, accountability and quality of life. Fair information practices and their application to privacy laws are summarized.
This paper was presented at the 'Towards a Magna Carta for Data' workshop at the RDS in Dublin, Sept 17th. It discusses how considerations of the ethics of big data consist of much more than the issues of privacy and security that it often gets boiled down to, and argues that the various ethical issues related to big data are multidimensional and contested; vary in nature across domains, and which ethical philosophy is adopted matters to the deliberation over data rights.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
Â
(đđđ đđđ) (đđđŹđŹđ¨đ§ đ)-đđŤđđĽđ˘đŚđŹ
đđ˘đŹđđŽđŹđŹ đđĄđ đđđ đđŽđŤđŤđ˘đđŽđĽđŽđŚ đ˘đ§ đđĄđ đđĄđ˘đĽđ˘đŠđŠđ˘đ§đđŹ:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
đđąđŠđĽđđ˘đ§ đđĄđ đđđđŽđŤđ đđ§đ đđđ¨đŠđ đ¨đ đđ§ đđ§đđŤđđŠđŤđđ§đđŽđŤ:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Â
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
Â
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
Â
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analyticsâ feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the bodyâs response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
1. A GIFT OF FIRE
THIRD EDITION
SARA BAASE
CHAPTER 2: PRIVACY
1
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
2. WHAT WE WILL COVER
⢠Privacy and Computer Technology
⢠âBig Brother is Watching Youâ
⢠Privacy Topics
⢠Protecting Privacy
⢠Communications
2
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
3. PRIVACY AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY
Key Aspects of Privacy:
⢠Freedom from intrusion (being left alone)
⢠Control of information about oneself
⢠Freedom from surveillance (being
tracked, followed, watched)
3
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
4. PRIVACY RISKS AND
PRINCIPLES
Privacy threats come in several categories:
ďź Intentional, institutional uses of personal
information
ďź Unauthorized use or release by âinsidersâ
ďź Theft of information
ďź Inadvertent leakage of information
ďź Our own actions
4
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
5. PRIVACY AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY
New Technology, New Risks:
⢠Government and private databases
- Thousands of databases containing personal
information about us.
- Profiles of our personal information could be created
easily.
⢠Sophisticated tools for surveillance and
data analysis
- Cameras, GPS, cell phones
5
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
6. ⢠Vulnerability of data
- Leaks of data happens, existence of data presents a
risk.
PRIVACY AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY (CONT.)
6
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
7. Corresponding page
number:
New Technology, New Risks â Examples:
Search query data
ď§ Search engines collect many terabytes of data
daily.
ď§ Data is analyzed to target advertising and
develop new services.
ď§ Who gets to see this data? Why should we care?
PRIVACY RISKS AND
PRINCIPLES
51-52
8. Corresponding page
number:
New Technology, New Risks â Examples:
Smartphones
ď§ Location apps
ď§ Data sometimes stored and sent without userâs
knowledge
PRIVACY RISKS AND
PRINCIPLES
53-54
9. Corresponding page
number:
New Technology, New Risks â Summary of Risks:
ď§ Anything we do in cyberspace is recorded.
ď§ Huge amounts of data are stored.
ď§ People are not aware of collection of data.
ď§ Software is complex.
ď§ Leaks happen.
PRIVACY RISKS AND
PRINCIPLES
55
10. Corresponding page
number:
New Technology, New Risks â Summary of Risks
(cont.):
ď§ A collection of small items can provide a detailed
picture.
ď§ Re-identification has become much easier due to
the quantity of information and power of data
search and analysis tools.
ď§ If information is on a public Web site, it is
available to everyone.
PRIVACY RISKS AND
PRINCIPLES
55-56
11. Corresponding page
number:
New Technology, New Risks â Summary of Risks
(cont.):
ď§ Information on the Internet seems to last forever.
ď§ Data collected for one purpose will find other
uses.
ď§ Government can request sensitive personal data
held by businesses or organizations.
ď§ We cannot directly protect information about
ourselves. We depend upon businesses and
organizations to protect it.
PRIVACY RISKS AND
PRINCIPLES
56
12. PRIVACY AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY (CONT.)
Terminology and principles for data
collection and use:
⢠Invisible information gathering
- Collection of personal information about someone
without the personâs knowledge
- Unauthorized software, Cookies, ISP providers
⢠Secondary use
- Use of personal information for a purpose other than
the one it was provided for .
12
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
14. PRIVACY AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY (CONT.)
Terminology (cont.):
Secondary use:
1- Data mining
Searching and analyzing masses of data to find
patterns and develop new information or knowledge
2- Computer matching
Combining and comparing information from different
databases (using social security number, for example,
to match records)
14
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
15. Privacy and Computer
Technology (cont.)
Terminology (cont.):
⢠Data mining - searching and analyzing
masses of data to find patterns and
develop new information or knowledge
⢠Computer matching - combining and
comparing information from different
databases (using social security
number, for example, to match records)
â D&D Matching
â VA Benefits
â Debate
16. Computer Matching
⢠Combining and comparing information
from more than one database. Some
examples:
âSharing of government agenciesâ
databases to detect fraud by
recipients of government programs.
âCreating consumer dossiers from
various business databases.
19. PRIVACY AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY (CONT.)
Terminology (cont.):
3- Computer profiling
- Analyzing data in computer files to determine
characteristics of people most likely to engage in
certain behavior
- Businesses find new consumers
- Government detects fraud and crime activities
19
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
20. Privacy and Computer
Technology (cont.)
⢠Profiling
â Using data in computer files to predict
likely behaviors of people. Some
examples:
⢠Businesses engage in profiling to
determine consumer propensity toward
a product or service.
⢠Government agencies use profiling to
create descriptions of possible terrorists.
22. PRIVACY AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY (CONT.)
Principles for Data Collection and Use:
⢠Informed consent
⢠Opt-in and opt-out policies
⢠Fair Information Principles (or Practices)
⢠Data retention
22
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
23. PRIVACY AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY (CONT.)
⢠Informed consent
- People should be informed about the data
collection and use policies of a business or
organization,
- They can then decide whether or not to interact
with that business or organization.
23
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
24. PRIVACY AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY (CONT.)
⢠Opt-in and opt-out policies
- To give people some control over secondary uses
- Under opt-out policy, the organization can use oneâs
information for other purposes only if he explicitly inform
the organization (ex. Signs a form) permitting the use.
- Under opt-in policy, the collector of information may not
use it for other purposes unless the consumer explicitly
permits the use.
24
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
25. PRIVACY AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
Have you seen opt-in and opt-out choices?
Where? How were they worded?
Were any of them deceptive?
What are some common elements of privacy
policies you have read?
25
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
26. PRIVACY AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY (CONT.)
⢠Fair Information Principles (or Practices)
âInform about personally identifiable information
âCollect only data needed
âOffer opt-out from email, advertising, etc
âStronger protection of sensitive data
âKeep data only as long as needed
âMaintain accuracy of data
âPolicies for responding to law enforcement
âProtect security of data.
26
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
27. "Big Brother is Watching You"
(cont.)
The Fourth Amendment, Expectation of Privacy
and Surveillance Technologies(p66) :
⢠Has technology strengthened or weakened
the Fourth Amendment???
⢠Weakening the Fourth Amendment
⢠Supreme Court decisions and expectation of
privacy
â Modern surveillance techniques are
redefining expectation of privacy
28. "Big Brother is Watching You"
(cont.)
⢠The Fourth Amendment, Expectation of
Privacy and Surveillance Technologies
(cont.):
⢠The USA Patriot Act and national security
letters
â No court order or court oversight needed
â 2003-2005 report found "widespread and
serious misuse" of the FBIs national
security letter authorities
29. "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING
YOU"
Databases:
â˘Government agencies collect many types
of information
â˘Ask business to report about consumers
â˘Buy personal information from sellers
â˘Main publicized reason: data mining and
computer matching to fight terrorism
29
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
30. "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING
YOU"
Databases:
Private information can be used to:
ďźArrest people
ďźJail people
ďźSeize assets
30
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
31. "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING
YOU"
Databases:
⢠Millions of crime suspects are searched
in government databases
⢠Shift from presumption of innocence to
presumption of guilt
⢠Computer software characterizes
suspects
- Innocent people are sometimes subject to
embarrassing searches and expensive investigations
and to arrest and jail.
31
32. "Big Brother is Watching You"
Small Sampling of
Government Databases with Personal Information
What data does the government have about you?
⢠Tax records
⢠Medical records
⢠Marriage and divorce records
⢠Property ownership
⢠Welfare records
⢠School records
⢠Motor vehicle records
⢠Voter registration records
⢠Books checked out of public libraries
⢠People with permits to carry firearms
⢠Applications for government grant and loan programs
⢠Professional and trade licenses
⢠Bankruptcy records
⢠Arrest records
33. "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING
YOU" (CONT.)
- Some constitution articles (laws) protect
privacy.
- Modern surveillance techniques are
redefining expectation of privacy.
- What privacy is included in those laws ?
33
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
34. "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING
YOU" (CONT.)
In some countries:
⢠No court order or court oversight needed to
get oneâs private information.
⢠2003-2005 report found "widespread and
serious misuse" of the FBIs national
security letter authorities.
34
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
35. "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING
YOU"
Two key problems arise from new technologies:
⢠Much of our personal information is no longer safe
in our homes; it resides in huge databases outside
our control.
⢠New technologies allow the government to search
our homes without entering them and search our
persons from a distance without our knowledge.
35
36. "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING
YOU" (CONT.)
Video Surveillance:
- Security cameras in Shopping centers, malls,
banks, etc.
- Cameras alone raise some privacy issues.
- When being combined with face recognition
systems, they raise more privacy issues.
⢠Increased security
⢠Decreased privacy
36
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
37. "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU"
(CONT.)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
What data does the government have about
you?
Who has access to the data?
How is your data protected?
37
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
38. DIVERSE PRIVACY
TOPICS
Marketing, Personalization and Consumer
Dossiers:
⢠Targeted and personalized marketing
(business, political parties, etc)
⢠Paying for consumer information
Examples
- Trading data to win prizes
- Targeting ads to users by scanning their
emails! Like Gmail.
38
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
39. DIVERSE PRIVACY
TOPICS
⢠Data firms and consumer profiles
- Companies (firms) that collect information
about individuals
- These firms sell data to other companies for
marketing purposes.
ďData mining is being used
ďCredit records might be sold to different
parties
39
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
40. Corresponding page
number:
Social Networks
ď§ What we do
ď§ Post opinions, gossip, pictures, âaway from homeâ
status
ď§ What they do
ď§ New services with unexpected privacy settings
DIVERSE PRIVACY
TOPICS
75-77
41. DIVERSE PRIVACY
TOPICS (CONT.)
Location Tracking:
Global Positioning Systems (GPS) -
computer or communication services that
know exactly where a person is at a
particular time
Cell phones and other devices are used for
location tracking
Pros and cons
41
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
42. DIVERSE PRIVACY
TOPICS (CONT.)
Stolen and Lost Data:
Hackers
Physical theft (laptops, thumb-drives, etc.)
Requesting information under false
pretenses
Bribery of employees who have access
42
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
43. DIVERSE PRIVACY
TOPICS (CONT.)
What We Do Ourselves:
-Some people do not know or understand
enough how the web works in order to make
good decisions about what to put there.
- Some people do not think carefully.
- People often want a lot of information about
others but do not want others to have access
to the same kind of information about
themselves.
43
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
44. DIVERSE PRIVACY
TOPICS (CONT.)
What We Do Ourselves:
- Our cell phone and email messages reside on
computers outside our home or office.
- We have no direct control over such files.
- There have been many incidents of exposure
of emails for politicians, businessmen, etc.
44
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
45. DIVERSE PRIVACY
TOPICS (CONT.)
What We Do Ourselves:
ďźPersonal information in blogs and online
profiles
ďźPictures of ourselves and our families
ďźFile sharing and storing
ďźIs privacy old-fashioned?
⢠Young people put less value on privacy than
previous generations.
⢠May not understand the risks.
45
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
46. DIVERSE PRIVACY
TOPICS (CONT.)
Public Records: Access vs. Privacy:
ďź Public Records - records available to
general public (bankruptcy, property, and
arrest records, salaries of government
employees, etc.)
ďź Identity theft can arise when public records
are accessed
ďź How should we control access to sensitive
public records?
46
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
47. DIVERSE PRIVACY
TOPICS (CONT.)
Children ( privacy and safety)
The Internet
⢠Not able to make decisions on when to
provide information
⢠Vulnerable to online predators
Parental monitoring
⢠Software to monitor Web usage
⢠Web cams to monitor children while parents
are at work
⢠GPS tracking via cell phones or RFID
47
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
48. DIVERSE PRIVACY
TOPICS (CONT.)
Children ( privacy and safety)
ďź At what age does web monitoring become an
invasion of the childâs privacy?
ďź Should parents tell children about the tracking
devices and services they are using?
ďź Informed consent is a basic principle for adults.
At what age does it apply to children?
ďź Will intense tracking and monitoring slow the
development of a childâs responsible
independence?
ďź Will parents rely more on gadgets than on
talking to their children?
48
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
49. DIVERSE PRIVACY TOPICS
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
⢠Is there information that you have
posted to the Web that you later
removed? Why did you remove it? Were
there consequences to posting the
information?
⢠Have you seen information that others
have posted about themselves that you
would not reveal about yourself?
49
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
50. Diverse Privacy Topics (cont.)
National ID System:
⢠Social Security Numbers
âToo widely used
âEasy to falsify
51. Diverse Privacy Topics (cont.)
National ID System (Cont.):
⢠A new national ID system - Pros
âwould require the card
âharder to forge
âhave to carry only one card
⢠A new national ID system - Cons
âThreat to freedom and privacy
âIncreased potential for abuse
52. Diverse Privacy Topics
⢠Most folks have figured out by now you canât do
anything on the Web without leaving a record. -
Holman W. Jenkins Jr., 2000
⢠Most tech savvy folks
⢠Many companies have work to enhance privacy for
customers with Encryption
⢠Cryptography is the art and science of hiding data in
plain sight â Larry Loen
⢠Hacking?
⢠Web site operators pay thousands and sometimes
millions for privacy audits.
⢠Checking for leaks of information, review of
companyâs privacy policy and its compliance with
policy
⢠Truste
53. Diverse Privacy Topics (cont.)
Children:
⢠Logging Activity on Internet
⢠Cell phone enable parents to check
childâs physical location
⢠Devices in car tell parents where teens
are and how FAST they are driving
⢠RFID in shoes & Clothes
54. Diverse Privacy Topics (cont.)
Children:
⢠The Internet
â Not able to make decisions on when to
provide information
â Vulnerable to online predators
⢠Parental monitoring
â Software to monitor Web usage
â Web cams to monitor children while
parents are at work
â GPS tracking via cell phones or RFID
55. Diverse Privacy Topics
Discussion Questions
⢠Is there information that you have
posted to the Web that you later
removed? Why did you remove it? Were
there consequences to posting the
information?
⢠Have you seen information that others
have posted about themselves that you
would not reveal about yourself?
56. Privacy and Computer
Technology
Discussion Questions
⢠What is the impact of GPS-equipped
children'sâ wrist watches?
⢠What is the impact of cell phones that provide
tracking information to parents?
⢠Is it legal for someone to search your
computer?
⢠Is it legal for someone to read your email?
57. PROTECTING PRIVACY
Technology and Markets:
ďź Awareness:
Most people have figured out now you canât do
anything on the web without leaving a record.
ď§ We can decide to what extent we wish to use
privacy-protecting tools.
ď§ We can be more careful about the information we
give out, and the privacy policies of sites we use or
visit.
57
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
58. PROTECTING PRIVACY
Technology and Markets:
ďź Privacy-enhancing technologies for
consumers
ď§ New applications of technology often can solve
problems that arise as side effects of technology.
ď§ Example: cookie disablers, blocking pop-up ads,
scanning PCs for spyware, etc.
ď§ Using usernames and passwords for Blogs visitors
(family , friends, etc.).
58
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
59. PROTECTING PRIVACY
Technology and Markets:
ďź Encryption
ď§ Information sent to and from websites can be
intercepted.
ď§ Someone who steals a computer or hacks into it can
view files on it .
ď§ Encryption is a technology that transforms data into a
form that that is meaningless to anyone who might
intercept or view it.
59
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
60. PROTECTING PRIVACY
Technology and Markets:
ďź Encryption
ď§ Encryption generally includes a coding scheme, or
cryptography algorithm, and specific sequences of
characters (digits or letters).
ď§ Public-key cryptography: An encryption scheme,
where two related keys are used.
- A key to encrypt messages.
- A key to decrypt messages.
60
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
61. PROTECTING PRIVACY
Technology and Markets:
ďź Business tools and policies for
protecting privacy
ď§ Well- designed database.
ď§ Using privacy audits to check for leaks of information,
review the company's privacy policy , etc.
ď§ Some large companies like IBM and Microsoft, use their
economic influence to improve consumer privacy on the
web, by removing ads from their web sites.
61
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
62. PROTECTING PRIVACY
(CONT.)
Rights and laws:
Theories
⢠Warren and Brandeis: The inviolate
personality
- Warren and Brandeis criticized newspapers especially
for the gossip columns.
- People have the right to prohibit publications of facts
(and photos) about themselves.
- Libel, slander and defamation laws protect us when
someone spreads false and damaging rumors about us.
But they do not apply to true personal information.
- Privacy is distinct and needs its own protection.
62
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
63. PROTECTING PRIVACY
(CONT.)
Rights and laws:
Theories
⢠Thomson: Is there a right to privacy?
- Thomson argues the opposite point f view.
- There is no violation of privacy without violation of
some other right, such as the right to control our
property or our person, the right to be free from
violent attacks, the right to form contracts(and
expect them to be enforced).
63
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
64. PROTECTING PRIVACY
(CONT.)
Rights and laws:
Theories
⢠Criticism of both theories ?
64
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
65. PROTECTING PRIVACY
(CONT.)
Rights and laws:
Applying the theories:
ď§ Many court decisions since Warren and Brandeis
article, have taken their point of view.
ď§ A person may win a case if someone published
his/her consumer profile.
ď§ Warren and Brandeis (and court decisions) allow
disclosure of personal information to people who
have an interest in it.
ď§ An important aspect: consent.
65
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
66. PROTECTING PRIVACY
(CONT.)
Rights and laws:
Transactions
ď§ Privacy includes control of information about
oneself.
ď§ How to apply privacy notions to transactions, Which
involve more than one person?
66
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
67. PROTECTING PRIVACY
(CONT.)
Rights and laws:
Ownership of personal data
ď§ People should be given property rights in
information about themselves.
ď§ But some activities and transactions involve at
least two people, each of whom would have claims
to own the information about the activity.
ď§ Can we own our profiles (collection of data
describing our activities, purchase, interests, etc.) ?
- We cannot own the fact that our eyes have a
certain color !
67
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
68. PROTECTING PRIVACY
(CONT.)
Rights and laws:
Regulation
ď§ Technical tools for privacy protection, market
mechanisms, and business policies are not perfect.
ď§ Regulation is not perfect either.
ď§ Some Regulations may be so expensive and
difficult to apply.
ď§ Example: Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act (HIPAA)
68
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
69. PROTECTING PRIVACY
(CONT.)
Rights and laws: Contrasting Viewpoints:
Free Market View
⢠Freedom of consumers to make voluntary
agreements
⢠Diversity of individual tastes and values
⢠Response of the market to consumer
preferences
⢠Usefulness of contracts
⢠Flaws of regulatory solutions
69
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
70. PROTECTING PRIVACY
(CONT.)
Rights and laws: Contrasting Viewpoints
(cont.):
Consumer Protection View
⢠Uses of personal information
⢠Costly and disruptive results of errors in
databases
⢠Ease with which personal information leaks
out
⢠Consumers need protection from their own
lack of knowledge, judgment, or interest
70
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
71. PROTECTING PRIVACY
(CONT.)
Privacy Regulations in the European Union
(EU):
Data Protection Directive
⢠More strict than U.S. regulations
⢠Abuses still occur
⢠Puts requirements on businesses outside
the EU
71
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
72. PROTECTING PRIVACY
DISCUSSION QUESTION
How would the free-market view and the
consumer protection view differ on errors
in Credit Bureau databases?
Who is the consumer in this situation?
72
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
73. COMMUNICATION
Wiretapping and E-mail Protection:
Telephone
⢠1934 Communications Act prohibited interception of
messages
⢠1968 Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act
allowed wiretapping and electronic surveillance by
law-enforcement (with court order)
E-mail and other new communications
⢠Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986
(ECPA) extended the 1968 wiretapping laws to
include electronic communications, restricts
government access to e-mail
73
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
74. COMMUNICATION
(CONT.)
Designing Communications Systems for
Interception:
Communications Assistance for Law
Enforcement Act of 1994 (CALEA)
⢠Telecommunications equipment must be
designed to ensure government can
intercept telephone calls
⢠Rules and requirements written by
Federal Communications Commission
(FCC)
74
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
75. COMMUNICATION
(CONT.)
Secret Intelligence Gathering:
The National Security Agency (NSA)
⢠Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA)
established oversight rules for the NSA
Secret access to communications records
75
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
76. COMMUNICATION
(CONT.)
Encryption Policy:
Government ban on export of strong
encryption software in the 1990s (removed
in 2000)
76
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university
77. COMMUNICATION
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
What types of communication exist today that
did not exist in 1968 when wiretapping was
finally approved for law-enforcement
agencies?
What type of electronic communications do
you use on a regular basis?
77
Original Slides prepared by Cyndi Chie and Sarah Frye
Adapted by Enas Naffar for use in Computing Ethics course âPhiladelphia university