This document summarizes an presentation on organic food and agriculture. It discusses: 1. The speaker's background and expertise in organic agriculture and seed science. 2. The modern industrial food system is a major contributor of greenhouse gas emissions through the use of fossil fuels, chemical fertilizers, livestock production, and transportation. 3. Transitioning to organic and regenerative agricultural practices can help reduce emissions by building soil health, increasing carbon sequestration, and producing nutritious food without chemical inputs or fossil fuels.

1. Organic Food and Agriculture
Presented by Asnidar Siahaan & Dessy Francisca
Thursday, March 9th, 2023
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2. Prof. Warren
Hua-Jen Kuo
Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University
Honorary Professor
Water Garden Organic Agronomy Market and Green
Dining Guide
Consultant
Specializes in the field of seeds, and actively promotes
organic agriculture and non-GMO movements.
Operating the "Viewpoint Seed Network" (formerly the
website of the Seed Research Office):
seed.agron.ntu.edu.tw
Author of the book "Seed Science" (National Taiwan
University Publishing Center, 2015)
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3. Agenda
Style
Agriculture in the same boat and
climate change: Soil organic matter is
the key to slow down global warming!
郭華仁 2021 風雨同舟的農業與氣候變遷，
土壤有機質是減緩全球暖化關鍵。豐年雜誌
71(11): 8-13。
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Sustainable solutions under climate
change: "Pan-Organic Agriculture" and
"Future Dining Table"
郭華仁 2021 氣候變遷下的永續解方：「泛有
機農業」與「未來餐桌」。Green Media,
2021.11.01。
02
03 Food and Agriculture Education, Net
Zero Emissions, Achievement of
Sustainable Development Goals
郭華仁 2022 食農教育與淨零排放、永續發
展目標的達成。國際農業科技新知 (95):
4-10。
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4. Global Warming and Agriculture
In fact, agricultural
activities release
greenhouse gases
that lead to climate
change, and
extreme weather in
turn harms
agriculture.
However, Chinese people
are relatively unfamiliar
with the fact that
agriculture itself is also
the culprit of greenhouse
gas emissions.
It is well known that
global warming leads to
extreme weather and has
a major impact on
agriculture.
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5. The carbon emissions of the
agricultural sector are actually
not small.
The global data of the US
Environmental Protection
Agency indicates that the
agricultural sector accounts
for about 25%, and the new
research increases it to about
33%.
Emissions from the
livestock industry are
mainly CH4.
The carbon equivalent
emissions from
agricultural activities,
whether on-farm or
off-farm, are mainly CO2,
N2O and CH4.
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6. Carbon Emissions in Agriculture
According to Taiwan’s 2020
National Greenhouse Gas
Emissions Inventory Report
of the Republic of China, in
2018, carbon emissions
from the agricultural sector
accounted for only 0.93% of
the country’s total
emissions, of which crop
production accounted for
70% and animal husbandry
accounted for 30%.
The low proportion of
carbon emissions in
Taiwan's agricultural sector
may be due to the fact that
off-farm activities such as
packaging, transportation,
and disposal before and
after agricultural production
are not included in the
calculation of the
agricultural sector, and that
nearly 70% of the grain is
imported from foreign
countries.
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7. The Modern Food and
Agricultural System
Fossil
fuels
use of
large-scale
agricultural
machinery
conversion of
nitrogen fertilizer
into nitrous oxide
release of carbon
dioxide after soil
plowing
manufacture of
chemical
fertilizers and
pesticides
release of
methane from
cattle waste
long-distance
transportation of grain
in international trade,
etc.
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8. Therefore, changing
agricultural operations to
reduce carbon emissions
requires multiple
considerations.
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There are many items in
agricultural operations, each of
which may cause greenhouse
gas emissions to some extent,
and there are complex
interrelated issues among various
operations, and some operations
are difficult to avoid or replace.

9. Combating Climate Change
Following the lead of more than 100 other
countries, President Tsai Ing-wen announced in
April 2021 that Taiwan will complete the net-zero
transformation by 2050.
On March 30, 2022, the National Development
Council proposed the "General Explanation of
Taiwan's 2050 Net-Zero Emission Pathway and
Strategy", detailing relevant national response
policies, and revealing a new food and
agricultural system in the key strategy of net-zero
green life.
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10. Net-zero
Green Life
Agricultural transformation Net-zero life
Promote ecological organic farming
to combat drought, reduce soil erosion,
protect livestock and crops from high
temperature, and improve agricultural
resilience to pests and diseases
Encourage farmers to adopt
regenerative farming methods
with low-carbon and
healthy dietary requirements
Increase soil microorganisms and
carbon content
Improve plant
health, nutrition and yield
Reducing food waste at source
More cautious purchasing habits,
zero-waste catering services, more
efficient production, sales, and
distribution
Prioritize the intake of
lower-carbon source of nutrition
More vegetables and fruits,
plant-based protein sources
Reduce the intake of meat
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11. Organic
100%
At present, there are still
many
environmentally-friendly
farming methods,
including biodynamic
farming, organic farming,
natural farming,
ecological farming, and
Permaculture.
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Pan-Organic Farming Methods
Although each has its
own characteristics, the
basic concept is to
emphasize compliance
with ecological
principles, and the
minimum requirements
are no pesticides or
fertilizers.
"Pan organic" is the
general term for these
farming methods

12. Organic
100%
Ecological Balance
● Through the decomposition of
various organisms in the soil, it
helps crops produce nutrients.
● Mycorrhizal fungi can also convey
the information of pest invasion
allowing crops to develop defense
mechanisms in advance and
reduce losses.
No Pesticides and Fertilizer
Genetic diversity means
species diversity. Species
diversity includes not only the
diversity of crop species, but
also many other animals,
plants and microorganisms.
Biodiversity
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Pan-Organic Farming Methods

13. Proposed Solution
● The mainstream ecological agriculture and the overall view of food,
replace the current reduced agriculture and diet view in the research
and education system, provide farm ecology, regenerative organic
farming technology, and let the people understand the importance of
transformation, and then support and supervise the government
transitioned to a new food agriculture system.
● The government needs to establish new agricultural policy
indicators, incorporate elements of all aspects of the sustainable
food system, and transfer the budget to ecological regenerative
organic agriculture through the new policy.
The transformation of the food and agriculture system requires cooperation between
the government and the private sector to overcome difficulties.

14. Conclusion: The Ultimate Task
of the Food and Agriculture Education Law
● The promotion guidelines are:
○ Support and recognize
local agriculture;
○ Cultivate the concept of
balanced diet;
○ Cherish food and reduce
waste;
○ Inheriting and innovating
food culture;
○ Deepening food-connected
agriculture; and
○ Local production and local
consumption sustainable
agriculture.
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● The object of the "Food and
Agriculture Education Law" is
the whole people.
● One of the goals is the
sustainable development of
agriculture and the
environment.

15. Conclusion: The Ultimate Task
of the Food and Agriculture Education Law
● These 6 major guidelines are in
line with the National
Development Council’s
net-zero green life:
○ More cautious purchasing
habits;
○ Zero waste and low-carbon
diet;
○ More efficient production,
marketing and distribution;
○ Regenerative farming
methods, etc.
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16. Thank You
For Listening
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