Pulse Check Decisions - RRT and Code Blue Workshop
Presentation.pdfof the searching and design
1. Air Quality Monitoring System
Students Name :
Santosh Kumar Das (221220053)
MEENAKSHI (221220036)
SUPERVISOR : : DR MAHESH KUMAR
COORDINATOR : DR MAHESH KUMAR
3. Introduction
In this project we are going to make an IoT Based Air Pollution Monitoring System in which we
will monitor the Air Quality over a webserver using internet and will trigger a alarm when the
air quality goes down beyond a certain level, means when there are sufficient amount of
harmful gases are present in the air like CO2, smoke, alcohol, benzene and NH3. It will show the
air quality in PPM on the LCD and as well as on webpage so that we can monitor it very easily.
we have used MQ135 sensor as the air quality sensor which is the best choice for monitoring
Air Quality as it can detects most harmful gases and can measure their amount accurately. In
this IOT project, you can monitor the pollution level from anywhere using your computer or
mobile. We can install this system anywhere and can also trigger some device when pollution
goes beyond some level, like we can switch on the Exhaust fan or can send alert SMS/mail to
the user.
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6. Working
The MQ135 sensor can sense NH3, NOx, alcohol, Benzene, smoke, CO2 and some other gases, so it
is perfect gas sensor for our Air Quality Monitoring Project. When we will connect it to
Wi-Fi module ESP8266 then it will sense the gases, and we will get the Pollution level in PPM (parts
per million). MQ135 gas sensor gives the output in form of voltage levels and we need to convert it
into PPM. So for converting the output in PPM, here we have used a library for MQ135 sensor, it is
explained in detail in “Code Explanation” section below.
Sensor was giving us value of 90 when there was no gas near it and the safe level of air quality is
350 PPM and it should not exceed 1000 PPM. When it exceeds the limit of 1000 PPM, then it starts
cause Headaches, sleepiness and stagnant, stale, stuffy air and if exceeds beyond 2000 PPM then it
can cause increased heart rate and many other diseases.
When the value will be less than 1000 PPM, then the LCD and webpage will display “Fresh
Air”. Whenever the value will increase 1000 PPM, then the buzzer will start beeping and the LCD
and webpage will display “Poor Air, Open Windows”. If it will increase 2000 then the buzzer will
keep beeping and the LCD and webpage will display “Danger! Move to fresh Air”.
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7. The MQ-135 gas sensor senses the gases like ammonia nitrogen, oxygen, alcohols, aromatic
compounds, sulfide and smoke. The MQ-3 gas sensor has a lower conductivity to clean the air as a
gas sensing material. In the atmosphere, we can find polluting gases, but the conductivity of the
gas sensor increases as the concentration of polluting gas increases. MQ-135 gas sensor can be
implemented to detect the smoke, benzene, steam and other harmful gases. It has the potential
to detect different harmful gases. It is with low cost and particularly suitable for Air quality
monitoring application.
DHT11 is a low-cost digital sensor for sensing temperature and humidity. This sensor can be easily
interfaced with any micro-controller such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi etc… to measure humidity and
temperature instantaneously. DHT11 sensor consists of a capacitive humidity sensing element and
a thermistor for sensing temperature. The humidity sensing capacitor has two electrodes with a
moisture holding substrate as a dielectric between them. Change in the capacitance value occurs
with the change in humidity levels. The IC measure, process this changed resistance values and
change them into digital form
The temperature range of DHT11 is from 0 to 50 degree Celsius with a 2-degree accuracy. Humidity
range of this sensor is from 20 to 80% with 5% accuracy. The sampling rate of this sensor is 1Hz
.i.e. it gives one reading for every second. DHT11 is small in size with operating voltage from 3 to 5
volts. The maximum current used while measuring is 2.5mA.
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8. Overview of the ESP8266 WiFi Module
The ESP8266 is a really useful, cheap WiFi module for controlling devices over
the Internet.It can work with a micro-controller like the Arduino or it can be
programmed to work on its own. The Internet of Things (IoT) has just been
made a whole lot cheaper and easier!
The ESP8266 comes with factory installed firmware allowing you to control it with standard “AT commands”.
You can also easily create and upload your own code and this makes it hugely powerful and flexible.
The ESP8266 was launched in 2014 and is rapidly growing in popularity. There is only one ESP8266 processor
but it is found on many different breakout boards. These all differ in terms of which pins are exposed and the
size of the flash memory etc. These breakout boards have evolved rapidly over the years and there is a lot of
information to be found on the web. This is both a blessing and a curse as some of the advice is outdated or
just plain wrong.
As a result it took me 3 days before I could get it to do anything! Some people are lucky but for me it was a
battle to get anything working. At times I thought I had broken it but with some perseverance it always came
back to life!
I’ve finally got it singing and dancing and it turns out to be easier than I thought!
I’ve consolidated all the useful info I found into one place and I thought I’d share this in an instructable. This
will hopefully get you quickly up and running with all the basic functionality that you’ll need.
In this instructable were are looking at the ESP-01 breakout board.
This same approach should however apply to most (if not all) of the variants of the ESP out there. 8
9. Air Quality Index
THE AQI IS AN INDEX FOR
REPORTING DAILY AIR QUALITY.
IT TELLS YOU HOW CLEAN OR
POLLUTED YOUR AIR IS, AND
WHAT ASSOCIATED HEALTH
EFFECTS MIGHT BE A CONCERN
FOR YOU. THE AQI FOCUSES ON
HEALTH EFFECTS YOU MAY
EXPERIENCE WITHIN A FEW
HOURS OR DAYS AFTER
BREATHING POLLUTED AIR.
10. Application
Public Health: Monitoring air quality is crucial for assessing public health risks associated with
pollution. It enables health authorities to issue warnings and advisories during periods of poor air
quality, helping to reduce respiratory illnesses and other health problems.
Transportation: Monitoring air quality near roads and highways helps transportation authorities
understand the impact of vehicle emissions on air quality. This data can inform policies aimed at
reducing traffic congestion, promoting public transportation, and encouraging the use of electric
vehicles.
Agriculture: Monitoring air quality in agricultural areas can help farmers assess the impact of
agricultural practices on air quality and make informed decisions about crop management and
pesticide use.
monitoring gas leak :Air quality monitoring systems can be crucial for detecting and monitoring
gas leaks, whether in industrial settings, residential areas, or natural gas pipelines. Here are some
specific applications of air quality monitoring systems for gas leakage detection:
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11. PRINCIPLE OF WORKING
• Project’s basic principle of working is the sensing of data from the sensor .
• Convert the analog ( voltage ) data into digital form.
• Process the digital data and display it on LCD.
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12. FUTURE SCOPE
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• In future the project can be upgraded in more ways than one.
• Interface more number of sensors to know detail content of all gases
present in air.
• Design Webpage and upload data on webpage with date and time.
• Interface SD Card to store data.
• Interface GPS module to monitor the pollution at exact location and
upload on the webpage for the netizens.
13. Advantage
• SENSORS ARE EASILY AVAILABLE .
• DETECTING A WIDE RANGE OF GASES, INCLUDING NH3, ALCOHOL, BENZENE, SMOKE AND CO2, ETC
• SIMPLE, COMPACT & EASY TO HANDLE .
• SENSORS HAVE LONG LIFE TIME
• SIMPLE DRIVE CIRCUIT.
• SYSTEM IS REAL TIME.
• QUALITY OF AIR CAN BE CHECKED INDOOR AS WELL AS OUTDOOR.
• VISUAL OUTPUT.
• CONTINOUS UPDATE OF CHANGE IN PERCENTAGE OF QUALITY.
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14. Conclusion
Air quality monitoring systems are essential tools for
addressing the complex challenges of air pollution,
promoting public health, protecting ecosystems, and
advancing sustainable development goals. Continued
investment in monitoring technology, data analysis, and
public outreach is needed to ensure that air quality remains
a priority for global efforts to improve human well-being and
environmental quality.
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15. Reference
• Real-Time Outdoor Air Quality Monitoring System:
• Abstract: Air pollution has significant health implications, and real-time monitoring is crucial. This project
aims to provide real-time air quality and location data using a portable device and a mobile app. The system
uses Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) sensors along with a NEO-6M Global
Positioning System (GPS) module. Results show 92.3% accuracy, making it more reliable than existing
systems. This system could be a building block for smart city development1.
• Air Quality Monitoring in Urban Environments:
• Multi-parameter air quality monitoring systems allow detailed analysis of major pollutants and their
sources. These systems play a vital role in smart city projects for monitoring and controlling pollutant
concentrations in urban areas2.
• A Smart Sensor System for Air Quality Monitoring:
• The prototype system measures PM2.5, CO, CO2, temperature, humidity, and detects other hazardous
gases. It collects and visualizes air quality data effectively, aiding environmental monitoring and issue
resolution. The system comprises a smart sensor unit, a smartphone, and a server3.
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