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The document discusses the importance of ensuring comprehensive reproductive health (RH) services are provided during acute crises according to the Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP). It notes that failing to provide these services makes achieving maternal health goals like those in the Millennium Development Goals much more difficult. Providing comprehensive RH during crises also helps build capacity and infrastructure to support quality healthcare. Some facilitating factors for comprehensive RH in crises include accurate data collection in Liberia and government commitment in Ethiopia, while hindering factors include misunderstanding RH as a package and viewing it as a development rather than humanitarian issue.
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Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Dr Eduardo Gomez
Most governments in middle-income countries have not prioritized universal healthcare due to competing needs and a lack of funding. This has led to inequalities between public and private healthcare systems, with public systems often underfunded and providing poor services to the poor. There are also shortages of skilled healthcare workers, particularly in rural areas. While decentralization of healthcare has occurred, governments have not ensured sufficient funding and capacity at state and local levels. Ongoing challenges also include increasing rates of non-communicable diseases like diabetes and issues with malnutrition, air pollution, and healthcare infrastructure between public and private sectors.
Seminar 8th sem
1) Health workers play a crucial role in healthcare systems but many migrate from poorer to richer countries due to push and pull factors like low wages, lack of opportunities, and better pay and living conditions.
2) There is a significant shortage of health workers globally and uneven distribution between regions, with some areas having only 3% of needed workers.
3) Migration of health workers has costs like loss of investment in training and expertise for source countries but also some benefits like remittances and relief of shortages. Policies aim to retain workers and responsibly manage migration.
Convicted
The document proposes a model for universal access to primary healthcare in India. It suggests establishing a centralized healthcare system with data collection and sharing across different levels, from community health centers up to a central body. Regular health checkups and surveys would assess needs. Funding would consider local factors and be distributed to states. Compulsory health insurance would provide coverage nationwide. Primary care facilities would be strengthened through computerization, awareness campaigns, and addressing barriers like lack of enrollment. The model aims to equitably and efficiently deliver necessary primary healthcare services to the entire population of India.
Eva Jané-Llopis, Director, World Economic Forum
The document discusses the role of the private sector in achieving universal health coverage and promoting healthy lives as part of the post-2015 development agenda. It notes that public-private partnerships during the MDG era helped increase access to medicines and vaccinations. Looking ahead, the private sector can help leverage its core competencies like innovation, management flexibility, and access to infrastructure. Examples highlighted include social enterprises that expand family planning access, mobile technologies that help train healthcare workers, and public-private collaborations on issues like non-communicable diseases. However, supportive policies are still needed to ensure the private sector's efforts also promote equity and public health priorities as part of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
Challenges to healthcare in india the five 'A's
This document discusses the key challenges facing healthcare in India, which it refers to as the "five A's":
1) Lack of awareness among the Indian population about important health issues. Health awareness levels are generally low due to factors like education levels and priority given to health.
2) Lack of access to quality healthcare, with physical and financial barriers limiting utilization of services. Rural access to facilities is poor.
3) Human resource crisis in the healthcare system, with staffing shortages and vacancies common even in rural primary care centers.
4) Issues of affordability, as most healthcare costs are paid directly by households, risking impoverishment. Government health spending needs to increase.
5
Addressing India's 21st century health challenges: Fostering public-private c...
Addressing India's 21st century health challenges: Fostering public-private c...Confederation of Indian Industry
CII report titled "Addressing India's 21st century health challenges: Fostering public-private collaborations" gives an overview of the various gaps that exist in Public Health Delivery and identified areas where the private sector can plug in such gaps through partnerships. These include - financing and investments in Primary healthcare, education and training facilities – medical and public health, availability of essential drugs to all, expansion of universal health coverage and addressing health beyond healthcare etc. The report identifies PPPs to be a game changer in Public Health Delivery. Migration and Health Overview
The Center of Expertise on Migration and Health (COEMH) aims to improve health and eliminate disparities for migrants worldwide through research, education, and policy work. It is governed by a steering committee and working groups across 10 UC campuses. Research focuses on how migration impacts health outcomes. A signature project examines family dynamics and access to care for immigrant families. COEMH also contributes to education programs, holds training workshops, and seeks to translate research into policy briefings to influence decision-makers. International partnerships in Mexico, Central/South America, Europe, and Asia further global work on migration and health issues.
Healthcare system and leadership
This document discusses decentralization in health system development. It defines decentralization as the transfer of authority and decision-making from national to sub-national levels. Decentralization aims to improve efficiency, increase local participation, empower local governments, and increase innovation and accountability. There are different approaches to decentralization, including public administration, local fiscal choice, social capital, and principal-agent models. The document also provides case studies of decentralization efforts in Maldives, Myanmar, and Nepal and discusses strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations for effective decentralization.
Recommended
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Dr Eduardo Gomez
Most governments in middle-income countries have not prioritized universal healthcare due to competing needs and a lack of funding. This has led to inequalities between public and private healthcare systems, with public systems often underfunded and providing poor services to the poor. There are also shortages of skilled healthcare workers, particularly in rural areas. While decentralization of healthcare has occurred, governments have not ensured sufficient funding and capacity at state and local levels. Ongoing challenges also include increasing rates of non-communicable diseases like diabetes and issues with malnutrition, air pollution, and healthcare infrastructure between public and private sectors.
Seminar 8th sem
1) Health workers play a crucial role in healthcare systems but many migrate from poorer to richer countries due to push and pull factors like low wages, lack of opportunities, and better pay and living conditions.
2) There is a significant shortage of health workers globally and uneven distribution between regions, with some areas having only 3% of needed workers.
3) Migration of health workers has costs like loss of investment in training and expertise for source countries but also some benefits like remittances and relief of shortages. Policies aim to retain workers and responsibly manage migration.
Convicted
The document proposes a model for universal access to primary healthcare in India. It suggests establishing a centralized healthcare system with data collection and sharing across different levels, from community health centers up to a central body. Regular health checkups and surveys would assess needs. Funding would consider local factors and be distributed to states. Compulsory health insurance would provide coverage nationwide. Primary care facilities would be strengthened through computerization, awareness campaigns, and addressing barriers like lack of enrollment. The model aims to equitably and efficiently deliver necessary primary healthcare services to the entire population of India.
Eva Jané-Llopis, Director, World Economic Forum
The document discusses the role of the private sector in achieving universal health coverage and promoting healthy lives as part of the post-2015 development agenda. It notes that public-private partnerships during the MDG era helped increase access to medicines and vaccinations. Looking ahead, the private sector can help leverage its core competencies like innovation, management flexibility, and access to infrastructure. Examples highlighted include social enterprises that expand family planning access, mobile technologies that help train healthcare workers, and public-private collaborations on issues like non-communicable diseases. However, supportive policies are still needed to ensure the private sector's efforts also promote equity and public health priorities as part of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
Challenges to healthcare in india the five 'A's
This document discusses the key challenges facing healthcare in India, which it refers to as the "five A's":
1) Lack of awareness among the Indian population about important health issues. Health awareness levels are generally low due to factors like education levels and priority given to health.
2) Lack of access to quality healthcare, with physical and financial barriers limiting utilization of services. Rural access to facilities is poor.
3) Human resource crisis in the healthcare system, with staffing shortages and vacancies common even in rural primary care centers.
4) Issues of affordability, as most healthcare costs are paid directly by households, risking impoverishment. Government health spending needs to increase.
5
Addressing India's 21st century health challenges: Fostering public-private c...
Addressing India's 21st century health challenges: Fostering public-private c...Confederation of Indian Industry
CII report titled "Addressing India's 21st century health challenges: Fostering public-private collaborations" gives an overview of the various gaps that exist in Public Health Delivery and identified areas where the private sector can plug in such gaps through partnerships. These include - financing and investments in Primary healthcare, education and training facilities – medical and public health, availability of essential drugs to all, expansion of universal health coverage and addressing health beyond healthcare etc. The report identifies PPPs to be a game changer in Public Health Delivery. Migration and Health Overview
The Center of Expertise on Migration and Health (COEMH) aims to improve health and eliminate disparities for migrants worldwide through research, education, and policy work. It is governed by a steering committee and working groups across 10 UC campuses. Research focuses on how migration impacts health outcomes. A signature project examines family dynamics and access to care for immigrant families. COEMH also contributes to education programs, holds training workshops, and seeks to translate research into policy briefings to influence decision-makers. International partnerships in Mexico, Central/South America, Europe, and Asia further global work on migration and health issues.
Healthcare system and leadership
This document discusses decentralization in health system development. It defines decentralization as the transfer of authority and decision-making from national to sub-national levels. Decentralization aims to improve efficiency, increase local participation, empower local governments, and increase innovation and accountability. There are different approaches to decentralization, including public administration, local fiscal choice, social capital, and principal-agent models. The document also provides case studies of decentralization efforts in Maldives, Myanmar, and Nepal and discusses strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations for effective decentralization.
Health system in india _ besty
: HEALTH SYSTEM IN INDIA- CHANGING SCENARIO.
Develops I depth understanding of the healthcare delivery system in India, and its challenges.
Health situation in India
WHAT IS HEALTH?
The word "health " refers to a state of complete emotional and physical wellbeing. Healthcare exists to help people
maintain this optimal state of health.
In 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined health with a phrase that is still used today. "Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." WHO, 1948.
In 1986, the WHO further clarified that health is: "A resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities."
This means that health is a resource to support an individual's function in wider society. A healthful lifestyle provides the means to lead a full life.
TYPES OF HEALTH
Mental and physical health are the two most commonly discussed types of health.
We also talk about "spiritual health," "emotional health," and "financial health," among others. These have also been linked to lower stress levels and mental and physical well being.
Physical health
Physical health involves proper functioning of all body parts. When they are all working at peak performance due not only to a lack of disease, but also to regular exercise, balanced nutrition, and adequate rest.
Mental health
Mental health refers to a person's emotional, social, and psychological wellbeing. Mental health is as important as
physical health to a full, active lifestyle. Mental health is not only the absence of depression, anxiety, or another
disorder.
It also depends on the ability to: enjoy life , bounce back after difficult experiences, achieve balance, adapt to adversity, feel safe and secure, and achieve your potential.
Demystifying Universal Health Coverage
The purpose of this presentation is to equip audiences with the ability to:
Define universal health coverage (UHC) and understand the basic tenets of UHC
Identify how UHC fits in USAID’s health and poverty reduction strategies
Effectively communicate to country stakeholders how USAID can support a country’s progress towards UHC
Identify relevant UHC resources within the Office of Health Systems and USAID
The presentation is part of the “UHC Toolkit” and accompanies Universal Health Coverage: An Annotated Bibliography, and Universal Health Coverage: Frequently Asked Questions.
Challenges facing the sri lankan health system
The document outlines several key challenges facing Sri Lanka's health system, including an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases due to an aging population and epidemiological transition. Emerging infectious diseases like dengue and COVID-19 also present challenges. Funding shortages constrain health sector development as most funds are spent on recurring costs rather than capital projects. There are issues with uneven distribution of healthcare workers, lack of continuous training programs, and overcrowding of secondary and tertiary hospitals due to direct access without proper referrals. Trade union interventions also pose problems for health sector reforms.
Researching Purchasing to achieve the promise of Universal Health Coverage
This presentation was given by Professor Kara Hanson at the BMC Health Services Research Conference, in July 2014.
The presentation illustrates the important role that strategic purchasing can play in achieving effective health coverage, and how the topic is being studied by researchers. It highlights RESYST's multi-country study of purchasing arrangements that is currently taking place in Nigeria, Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, India, Thailand and Vietnam.
31208mig
Migration of health workers has significant impacts on both source and destination countries. India experiences high rates of migration of doctors and nurses abroad, with over 100,000 Indian-origin doctors practicing in the US and UK alone. Key push factors driving migration include lack of career growth and low salaries in India, while pull factors are better wages, training opportunities, and working conditions abroad. Common destinations are the US, UK, and Australia. This brain drain negatively impacts India's struggling public health system.
Managing sustainability and resilience in the sri lankan copy (2)
The Sri Lankan health system has achieved high life expectancy and low mortality rates. It is financed through government funding and provides largely free healthcare. However, maintaining long-term sustainability depends on affordability, acceptability, and adaptability. Affordability relies on reasonable budget allocations despite declining expenditures. Acceptability involves effective governance, regulations, and engaging stakeholders. Adaptability allows withstanding challenges through organized service delivery and resilient responses during crises like tsunamis.
Universal health coverage
This document discusses universal health coverage (UHC), which aims to provide access to good quality health services for all members of a society while protecting people from financial hardship due to health costs. UHC can be defined by who and what services are covered and how much of the cost is covered. The WHO defines UHC as access to effective health services without financial hardship. Achieving UHC requires an efficient health system providing services, workers, and medicines to the population as well as a financing system to protect people from health costs. Various funding models like compulsory insurance, tax-based financing, and social health insurance can be used. Egypt has both public and private healthcare sectors working towards UHC.
Health issue in Pakistan
Health Issues in Pakistan, Health condition in Pakistan, Major disease in Pakistan, Health care programs and Government of Pakistan development on health sector
CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS IN HEALTHCARE
The document discusses challenges and solutions in healthcare in India. Some of the key challenges discussed include uncontrolled population growth, high burden of infectious and chronic diseases, high maternal and child mortality, malnutrition, lack of healthcare financing, and shortage of healthcare resources. Some proposed solutions include implementing family planning programs, strengthening public health programs to tackle infectious diseases, improving access to maternal and child healthcare, increasing healthcare spending, and addressing regional imbalances in healthcare resources and staff.
Health System
The document discusses Pakistan's health care system and health districts. It defines a district health system as a vehicle for providing primary health care to a defined geographical area through participation of communities and health care providers. A health district is a well-defined part of an area in which primary health care is delivered by one authority. The document also outlines responsibilities in health care delivery, and describes issues like inequitable rural/urban services, ineffective services, lack of sanitation and funding. It identifies facilities from basic health units to teaching hospitals and discusses problems in rural and urban health areas as well as the role of district management teams.
Innovation in healthcare provision towards achieving universal coverage
Kenya faces challenges in achieving universal healthcare coverage including low spending on health (2% of GDP), high rates of poverty, and shortages of health infrastructure, personnel, supplies and medicines. While the private sector finances over half of healthcare, most people pay out of pocket costs. To improve health outcomes within limited resources, the document recommends increasing efficiency, equitable allocation of funding, and encouraging private sector and community involvement in healthcare provision and financing.
State of Philippine Health by Dr. Alberto Romualdez
The document summarizes equity in health and factors promoting health inequity in the Philippines. It finds that lower income and rural areas have significantly lower life expectancy, higher infant and maternal mortality rates compared to higher income and urban areas. Cost of medicines, distribution of human resources that favor private sector, and health care financing system that relies heavily on out-of-pocket payments contribute to this inequity. It recommends aiming for universal health care through increasing public spending on health and reforming human resource production and regulation of private sector.
In Pursuit of Universal Health Coverage: Ethiopia's Community-Based Health In...
Presentation by Jeanna Holtz, Abt Associates Inc., on November 4, 2015, at the 11th International Microinsurance Conference in Casablanca, Morocco.
Indian health system: Overview and challenges
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Health and pollution 4.4
The document discusses managing health risks and sustainability of health programs. It notes that both short-term emergency response and long-term sustainable planning are important for effective health management. While some health issues like smallpox eradication have been successfully managed through coordinated global efforts, addressing other issues like HIV/AIDS has proven more difficult to sustain over the long term due to challenges in securing reliable funding. The document also examines debates around vertical versus horizontal health programming approaches.
Health Financing for UHC – two sides of the coin
Presented at “Financial Protection and Improved Access to Health Care: Peer-to-Peer Learning Workshop Finding Solutions to Common Challenges” in Accra, Ghana, February 2016. To learn more, visit: https://www.hfgproject.org/ghana-uhc-workshop
Panel 1.Grace Mukasa, Harnessing The Critical Role Of Health Care Workers
The document discusses the global shortage of healthcare workers, highlighting that there is a gap of 4.2 million workers across 57 countries, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. It notes the underlying causes of the crisis include underfunding, poor training and skills development, lack of respect for healthcare workers, and low morale and motivation. The presentation calls on IHP+ to address this crisis by requiring that every health plan it validates includes a comprehensive and costed health worker strategy, and to finance these plans through long-term pooled funding.
Preparing for future shocks: Building resilient health systems
Presentation at USAID's Global Health Mini-University on Friday, March 4, 2016.
Preparing for Future Shocks: Building Resilient Health Systems
Kate Greene (HFG), Bob Emrey (USAID/GH/OHS), Jodi Charles (USAID/GH/OHS), Temitayo Ifafore, (USAID/GH/OHS)
After the recent Ebola outbreak, global health experts have turned to resilience frameworks used by other fields such as agriculture and engineering to understand how to build health systems that can withstand shocks, including infectious disease outbreaks, natural disasters, and political conflict. Speakers will first briefly outline each of the five key elements of the Resilience Framework, adapted from the Rockefeller Foundation and presented in a Lancet article in 2015, that can be applied to health systems. Participants will then work in small groups to discuss which health systems interventions should be pursued in response to a one-page description of an unnamed country. Speakers will then reveal what real-world interventions they designed for the country example and answer questions.
Health system in bangladesh for interns
This document provides an overview of Bangladesh's health system. It discusses the key building blocks of the health system including service delivery, human resources, health financing, and challenges. Some of the main points covered are:
- Bangladesh has a pluralistic health system consisting of public, private, NGO, and informal sectors.
- The main challenges include an overall shortage and skill imbalance of human resources, as well as low motivation and absenteeism in rural areas. Initiatives are underway to address these challenges through new training programs and incentives.
- Government health expenditure is about 1% of GDP and 4.45% of the national budget. Out-of-pocket expenses account for 63% of total health spending.
Meeting reproductive health needs as service providers
The document discusses how reproductive health needs are often not adequately addressed during crisis situations such as conflicts and natural disasters. It outlines the range of reproductive health services needed, including safe motherhood, treatment of sexual violence, HIV/AIDS, family planning, and adolescent health. It also discusses the unique challenges providers face in crisis settings and provides recommendations for how providers can help meet reproductive health needs during and after crises.
Meeting reproductive health needs as service providers
Crises like conflicts and natural disasters displace millions each year who need reproductive healthcare. Such situations challenge providers due to disrupted services, overwhelmed systems, and existing problems exacerbated. However, providers can help by joining coordination groups, developing emergency plans, using guidelines, building local links, focusing on non-camp refugees, and providing initial services. International response has improved but gaps remain, requiring continued cooperation between humanitarian groups and local providers.
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Health system in india _ besty
: HEALTH SYSTEM IN INDIA- CHANGING SCENARIO.
Develops I depth understanding of the healthcare delivery system in India, and its challenges.
Health situation in India
WHAT IS HEALTH?
The word "health " refers to a state of complete emotional and physical wellbeing. Healthcare exists to help people
maintain this optimal state of health.
In 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined health with a phrase that is still used today. "Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." WHO, 1948.
In 1986, the WHO further clarified that health is: "A resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities."
This means that health is a resource to support an individual's function in wider society. A healthful lifestyle provides the means to lead a full life.
TYPES OF HEALTH
Mental and physical health are the two most commonly discussed types of health.
We also talk about "spiritual health," "emotional health," and "financial health," among others. These have also been linked to lower stress levels and mental and physical well being.
Physical health
Physical health involves proper functioning of all body parts. When they are all working at peak performance due not only to a lack of disease, but also to regular exercise, balanced nutrition, and adequate rest.
Mental health
Mental health refers to a person's emotional, social, and psychological wellbeing. Mental health is as important as
physical health to a full, active lifestyle. Mental health is not only the absence of depression, anxiety, or another
disorder.
It also depends on the ability to: enjoy life , bounce back after difficult experiences, achieve balance, adapt to adversity, feel safe and secure, and achieve your potential.
Demystifying Universal Health Coverage
The purpose of this presentation is to equip audiences with the ability to:
Define universal health coverage (UHC) and understand the basic tenets of UHC
Identify how UHC fits in USAID’s health and poverty reduction strategies
Effectively communicate to country stakeholders how USAID can support a country’s progress towards UHC
Identify relevant UHC resources within the Office of Health Systems and USAID
The presentation is part of the “UHC Toolkit” and accompanies Universal Health Coverage: An Annotated Bibliography, and Universal Health Coverage: Frequently Asked Questions.
Challenges facing the sri lankan health system
The document outlines several key challenges facing Sri Lanka's health system, including an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases due to an aging population and epidemiological transition. Emerging infectious diseases like dengue and COVID-19 also present challenges. Funding shortages constrain health sector development as most funds are spent on recurring costs rather than capital projects. There are issues with uneven distribution of healthcare workers, lack of continuous training programs, and overcrowding of secondary and tertiary hospitals due to direct access without proper referrals. Trade union interventions also pose problems for health sector reforms.
Researching Purchasing to achieve the promise of Universal Health Coverage
This presentation was given by Professor Kara Hanson at the BMC Health Services Research Conference, in July 2014.
The presentation illustrates the important role that strategic purchasing can play in achieving effective health coverage, and how the topic is being studied by researchers. It highlights RESYST's multi-country study of purchasing arrangements that is currently taking place in Nigeria, Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, India, Thailand and Vietnam.
31208mig
Migration of health workers has significant impacts on both source and destination countries. India experiences high rates of migration of doctors and nurses abroad, with over 100,000 Indian-origin doctors practicing in the US and UK alone. Key push factors driving migration include lack of career growth and low salaries in India, while pull factors are better wages, training opportunities, and working conditions abroad. Common destinations are the US, UK, and Australia. This brain drain negatively impacts India's struggling public health system.
Managing sustainability and resilience in the sri lankan copy (2)
The Sri Lankan health system has achieved high life expectancy and low mortality rates. It is financed through government funding and provides largely free healthcare. However, maintaining long-term sustainability depends on affordability, acceptability, and adaptability. Affordability relies on reasonable budget allocations despite declining expenditures. Acceptability involves effective governance, regulations, and engaging stakeholders. Adaptability allows withstanding challenges through organized service delivery and resilient responses during crises like tsunamis.
Universal health coverage
This document discusses universal health coverage (UHC), which aims to provide access to good quality health services for all members of a society while protecting people from financial hardship due to health costs. UHC can be defined by who and what services are covered and how much of the cost is covered. The WHO defines UHC as access to effective health services without financial hardship. Achieving UHC requires an efficient health system providing services, workers, and medicines to the population as well as a financing system to protect people from health costs. Various funding models like compulsory insurance, tax-based financing, and social health insurance can be used. Egypt has both public and private healthcare sectors working towards UHC.
Health issue in Pakistan
Health Issues in Pakistan, Health condition in Pakistan, Major disease in Pakistan, Health care programs and Government of Pakistan development on health sector
CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS IN HEALTHCARE
The document discusses challenges and solutions in healthcare in India. Some of the key challenges discussed include uncontrolled population growth, high burden of infectious and chronic diseases, high maternal and child mortality, malnutrition, lack of healthcare financing, and shortage of healthcare resources. Some proposed solutions include implementing family planning programs, strengthening public health programs to tackle infectious diseases, improving access to maternal and child healthcare, increasing healthcare spending, and addressing regional imbalances in healthcare resources and staff.
Health System
The document discusses Pakistan's health care system and health districts. It defines a district health system as a vehicle for providing primary health care to a defined geographical area through participation of communities and health care providers. A health district is a well-defined part of an area in which primary health care is delivered by one authority. The document also outlines responsibilities in health care delivery, and describes issues like inequitable rural/urban services, ineffective services, lack of sanitation and funding. It identifies facilities from basic health units to teaching hospitals and discusses problems in rural and urban health areas as well as the role of district management teams.
Innovation in healthcare provision towards achieving universal coverage
Kenya faces challenges in achieving universal healthcare coverage including low spending on health (2% of GDP), high rates of poverty, and shortages of health infrastructure, personnel, supplies and medicines. While the private sector finances over half of healthcare, most people pay out of pocket costs. To improve health outcomes within limited resources, the document recommends increasing efficiency, equitable allocation of funding, and encouraging private sector and community involvement in healthcare provision and financing.
State of Philippine Health by Dr. Alberto Romualdez
The document summarizes equity in health and factors promoting health inequity in the Philippines. It finds that lower income and rural areas have significantly lower life expectancy, higher infant and maternal mortality rates compared to higher income and urban areas. Cost of medicines, distribution of human resources that favor private sector, and health care financing system that relies heavily on out-of-pocket payments contribute to this inequity. It recommends aiming for universal health care through increasing public spending on health and reforming human resource production and regulation of private sector.
In Pursuit of Universal Health Coverage: Ethiopia's Community-Based Health In...
Presentation by Jeanna Holtz, Abt Associates Inc., on November 4, 2015, at the 11th International Microinsurance Conference in Casablanca, Morocco.
Indian health system: Overview and challenges
Presentation to students of MIT Sloan School of Management visiting Dell EMC. Several slides borrowed from presentation by N Devadasan (IPH)
Health and pollution 4.4
The document discusses managing health risks and sustainability of health programs. It notes that both short-term emergency response and long-term sustainable planning are important for effective health management. While some health issues like smallpox eradication have been successfully managed through coordinated global efforts, addressing other issues like HIV/AIDS has proven more difficult to sustain over the long term due to challenges in securing reliable funding. The document also examines debates around vertical versus horizontal health programming approaches.
Health Financing for UHC – two sides of the coin
Presented at “Financial Protection and Improved Access to Health Care: Peer-to-Peer Learning Workshop Finding Solutions to Common Challenges” in Accra, Ghana, February 2016. To learn more, visit: https://www.hfgproject.org/ghana-uhc-workshop
Panel 1.Grace Mukasa, Harnessing The Critical Role Of Health Care Workers
The document discusses the global shortage of healthcare workers, highlighting that there is a gap of 4.2 million workers across 57 countries, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. It notes the underlying causes of the crisis include underfunding, poor training and skills development, lack of respect for healthcare workers, and low morale and motivation. The presentation calls on IHP+ to address this crisis by requiring that every health plan it validates includes a comprehensive and costed health worker strategy, and to finance these plans through long-term pooled funding.
Preparing for future shocks: Building resilient health systems
Presentation at USAID's Global Health Mini-University on Friday, March 4, 2016.
Preparing for Future Shocks: Building Resilient Health Systems
Kate Greene (HFG), Bob Emrey (USAID/GH/OHS), Jodi Charles (USAID/GH/OHS), Temitayo Ifafore, (USAID/GH/OHS)
After the recent Ebola outbreak, global health experts have turned to resilience frameworks used by other fields such as agriculture and engineering to understand how to build health systems that can withstand shocks, including infectious disease outbreaks, natural disasters, and political conflict. Speakers will first briefly outline each of the five key elements of the Resilience Framework, adapted from the Rockefeller Foundation and presented in a Lancet article in 2015, that can be applied to health systems. Participants will then work in small groups to discuss which health systems interventions should be pursued in response to a one-page description of an unnamed country. Speakers will then reveal what real-world interventions they designed for the country example and answer questions.
Health system in bangladesh for interns
This document provides an overview of Bangladesh's health system. It discusses the key building blocks of the health system including service delivery, human resources, health financing, and challenges. Some of the main points covered are:
- Bangladesh has a pluralistic health system consisting of public, private, NGO, and informal sectors.
- The main challenges include an overall shortage and skill imbalance of human resources, as well as low motivation and absenteeism in rural areas. Initiatives are underway to address these challenges through new training programs and incentives.
- Government health expenditure is about 1% of GDP and 4.45% of the national budget. Out-of-pocket expenses account for 63% of total health spending.
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Meeting reproductive health needs as service providers
The document discusses how reproductive health needs are often not adequately addressed during crisis situations such as conflicts and natural disasters. It outlines the range of reproductive health services needed, including safe motherhood, treatment of sexual violence, HIV/AIDS, family planning, and adolescent health. It also discusses the unique challenges providers face in crisis settings and provides recommendations for how providers can help meet reproductive health needs during and after crises.
Meeting reproductive health needs as service providers
Crises like conflicts and natural disasters displace millions each year who need reproductive healthcare. Such situations challenge providers due to disrupted services, overwhelmed systems, and existing problems exacerbated. However, providers can help by joining coordination groups, developing emergency plans, using guidelines, building local links, focusing on non-camp refugees, and providing initial services. International response has improved but gaps remain, requiring continued cooperation between humanitarian groups and local providers.
Challenges of Reproductive Health in Complex Emergencies
Challenges of Reproductive Health in Complex EmergenciesThe Bixby Center on Population and Reproductive Health
Stephen Tomlin, Vice President of Program Policy & Planning,
International Medical Corps
March 6, 2007Gender mainstreaming in humanitarian action
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Module 5: Thematic Areas: Integrating gender-based violence interventions in ...
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Primary Health Care is an essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and acceptable to them, through their full participation and at the cost the community and country can afford.
According to World Health Organization,
Primary health care is a whole of society approach to health that aims at ensuring the highest possible level of health and wellbeing and their equitable distribution by focusing on peoples need and as early as possible along the continum from health promotion, rehabilitation and palliative care, and as close as feasible to peoples everyday environment.
concept/ principles
Equitable distribution
Community Participation
Focus on prevention
Use of appropriate technologies
Multi-sectoral approach
OBJECTIVES
To reduce in the prevalence of preventable, communicable and other disease
To provide comprehensive primary health care to the community through the Primary Health Centers.
To achieve and maintain an acceptable standard of quality of care.
To make the services more responsive and sensitive to the needs of the community
CHARACTERISTICS
Accessibility
Acceptability
Adaptability
Availability
Closeness
Comprehensible
Appropriateness
Continuity
Coordination
elements
Education for health
Locally endemic disease control
Expanded programs on immunization
Maternal and child health and family planning
Environment Sanitation and promotion of safe water Supply
Nutrition and promotion of adequate food supply
Treatment of communicable diseases and common illness
Supply of essential drugs
From Service delivery angle, PHCs may be of two
types, depending upon the delivery case load –
Type A PHC: PHC with delivery load of less than 20 deliveries in a month,
Type B PHC: PHC with delivery load of 20 or more deliveries in a month
PHC control by State Government
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Recommended bed capacity for PHC – 4-6 beds
Each PHC acts as a referral center of- 6 Sub centers
OPD service- 6 hours
ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
Planner/ Programmer
Care provider
Community Organizer
Service Coordinator
Trainer / Health Educator
Health Monitor
Change Agent
Recorder/ Reporter/ Statistician
Reseacher
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/primary-health-care
https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/guidelines/iphs/iphs-revised-guidlines-2012/primay-health-centres.pdf
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