The document discusses the present status of fisheries in Bihar and how production can be improved through bank financing. It notes that Bihar has abundant water resources but low fish production. Key points include: Bihar's annual fish production is 2.675 lakh tonnes but demand is higher; the state has resources like ponds, lakes and rivers but infrastructure like hatcheries needs improvement; and banks could help finance fishermen and infrastructure to boost the sector.

1. PRESENT STATUS OF FISHERY IN BIHAR AND HOW TO
IMPROVE PRODUCTION THROUGH BANK FINANCE
SUMITTED TO
FACULTY OF BASIC SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES
RAJENDRA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY PUSA
SAMASTIPUR BIHAR
SUMITTED BY
RAJEEVN KUMA
MBA (Agri-Business)
Reg.no MBA(AGB)30/2012-13

2. CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 OBJECTIVE
 COMPANY PROFILE
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
 OBSERVATION
 DATA ANALYSIS
 SWOT ANALYSIS
 CONCULSION
 SUGGESTION/RECOMMENDATION
 BIBLOGRAPHY

3. INTRODUCTION
 Bihar is blessed with vast and varied fisheries and
aquaculture resources.
 These resources are in the form of
rivers, reservoirs, lakes, mauns , chaurs , irrigation
canals, ponds and community tanks.
 However, despite such natural resources and fish as
highly preferred food item, aquaculture and open water
fisheries resource remain highly underutilized.
 It is high time for the state to make use of these
resources for providing sustainable livelihoods to
millions of poor rural communities.
 The major schemes taken up include production and
supply of fish seed, development of Maun / Chaur
besides centrally sponsored schemes for development
of aquaculture and welfare of fishers

4. CONT-
 Current status of fisheries and aquaculture
Bihar occupies third position in inland fish production
(2.66 lakh tones)
 It contributes about 1.6 % of Bihar GDP.
 Bihar has abundant natural resources of water in the
form of 69,000 hectare of ponds and tanks , 90,000
hectare of ox-bow lakes , 35,000 hectare of water
logged area and many major rivers with total length of
3200 km.
 The present fish production is about 2.675 lakh tones.
The state produces 350 million fry against its current
requirement of 2000 million.
 Similarly, the State requires about 4.5 lakh metric tones
of fish for local consumption and as such there is a wide
gap between the production and demand of fish.

5. CONT-
 The annual per capita fish consumption in the state
is one of the lowest in the country,1 kg/yr for
nutritional security.
 To promote fisheries, the department of fisheries
has 121 fish seed farms, out of which only 10% are
in working condition.
 Presently, there are 81 fish seed hatcheries in
Bihar.
 In order to bridge the gap in the fish seed demand
and supply, government of Bihar has announced to
set up one hatchery in each District of the State.

6. SCOPE
 Conservation of Water in Tanks & Ponds.
 Intensive/Semi- Intensive Fish Culture in Tanks & Ponds.
 Culture based Fisheries in Mauns /Chaurs by stocking
fingerlings.
 Enhancing of Fish Seed Production up to 650 million
 Infrastructural Dev. Of Fish Marketing
 Training of Fish Farmers to acquaint them with latest know-
how of Fish Production
 Insurance of Fish Crops.

7. CONT-
 To Develop Pond Aquaculture- Water areas below 10 ha to be
brought under composite culture and bringing them into scientific
composite culture and achieving and annual production level up
to 3000 kg/ha/year.
 Culture Based Fisheries Enhancement In Ox-bow Lakes-
Special drive for renovation and restoration of Ox-bow lakes to
make them suitable for fish culture and to get annual yield of 600-
1000 kg/ha/year by stocking 3000 fingerling per ha
 Development Of Waterlogged Areas- To develop and brought
under Semi- intensive culture through Inland Fisheries and
Aquaculture Scheme
 Reservoir Fisheries- Management of reservoir shall be done on
culture based fisheries, optimum stocking , density of size of
seeds and co-operative based management to enhance present
level of production
 Quality Seed throughout the Year – Quality fish seed is most
critically required inputs for aquaculture. Adequate supply of
good quality fish seed throughout the

8. OBJECTIVE
 To study about the programme run by government
to development of fishery sector.
 To assess the
production, processing, storage, transport, marketin
g of the fish and fish product.
 To find out the the financial institutions that
supports fishermen for carrying out the fisheries.
 To evaluate the role of bank in the development of
fishery sector.

9. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design:-
 The methodology for the fulfilment of different objective of
study consisted of two main component, Data and its source.
Research Plan:-
 Reporting in the Bank: 13 June 2013
 Data collection: 15 June to 16 July 2013.
 Analysis and report writing: 17 July to 25th July 2013
Source of Data:-
PRIMARY DATA:- Questionnaires, and personal interview
method.
SECONDARY DATA:- Published and unpublished document
like magazines, fishery department information,

10. CONT--
Research Instruments:-
 In depth interview with fishermen. bank employees and with staffs of
fishery department
Analytical Methods
 The analysis of study has been achieved by using simple
statistical tools like averages, percentage, ranking along with their
graphical representation.
Sampling technique:- Samples of fishermen and bank was selected
by
employing simple random sample
Sampling size:-
(a) Fisherman: -40
(b) Bank staffs: -20
(c) Government agency—6 fisheries department (Khagaria,
Samastipur, Darbhangas, Madhubani, Sitamarhi, Patna)
Sample area:-
Darbhanga, Khagaria, Begusaria, Madhubani, Muzaffarpur, Samastipur,
Sitamarhi

11. AREA OF STUDY

12. ORGANISATION PROFILE
State Bank of India
 (SBI) is a multinational banking and financial services
company based in India.
 It is a government-owned corporation with its headquarters in
Mumbai Maharashtra
 As of December 2012, it had assets of US$501 billion and
15,003 branches, including 157 foreign offices, making it the
largest banking and financial services company in India by
assets.
 The bank traces its ancestry to British India, through the
Imperial Bank of India, to the founding in 1806 of the Bank of
Calcutta, making it the oldest commercial bank in the Indian
Subcontinent.

13. CONT-
 Bank of Madras merged into the other two presidency
banks—Bank of Calcutta and Bank of Bombay—to form the
Imperial Bank of India, which in turn became the State Bank of
India.
 Government of India nationalised the Imperial Bank of India in
1955, with Reserve Bank of India taking a 60% stake, and
renamed it the State Bank of India. In 2008, the government
took over the stake held by the Reserve Bank of India.
 SBI was ranked 285th in the Fortune Global 500 rankings of
the world's biggest corporations for the year 2012.

14. CONT-
 SBI provides a range of banking products through its network
of branches in India and overseas, including products aimed
at non-resident Indian (NRIs).
 SBI has 14 regional hubs and 57 Zonal Offices that are
located at important cities throughout the country.
 SBI is a regional banking behemoth and has 20% market
share in deposits and loans among Indian commercial banks.
 The State Bank of India was named the 29th most reputed
company in the world according to Forbes 2009 rankings and
was the only bank featured in the "top 10 brands of India" list
in an annual survey conducted by Brand Finance and The
Economic Times in 2010.

15. OBSERVATIONS
 After survey with fishermen and Bank, following observations has
been inferred. There is abundant water resource in Bihar but production is
not as good as comparison with water resource. There is opportunity of
developed fishery sector to become a surplus state after overcome some
problem. Meeting with fishermen some problem faced by fishermen /Bihar
fishery are:-
 Abundant water resources like ponds, in Madhubani, Darbhanga, Khagaria,
East champran.
 Several varieties of fishes are found in Bihar in which Madubani, Darbhanga
are major.
 Various government agency are work in this sector like FFDA, Fishery
department.
 Lack of good quality of fish seed.
 Lack of modern technology.
 Lack of technological knowledge.
 Lack of infrastructure.
 Lack of information about fish culture.

16. DATA ANALYSIS (FISHERY PROFILE OF BIHAR)
Total inland water bodies(iakh ha) 1.60
River and canal (km) 3,200
Reservoirs (Lakh ha) 0.60
Tanks and ponds(Lakh ha) 0.95
Flood plain lakes (Lakh ha) 0.05
No Of FFDA 33
water area covered under FFDA (ha) 25786.00

17. CONT-
No of fish farmers trained under
FFDA
35362
No of beneficiaries under FFDA 38862
Average productivity
reported(kg/ha/year) -FFDA
2400
SOURCE—ICAR REPORT

18. FISH PRODUCTION IN LAST EIGHT YEAR
YEAR INLAND FISH PRODUCTION
Fish production
(tons)
Growth rate No of fish seed
produced(millio
n)
Growth rate
2004- 05 267.51 0.3 318.31 -8.1
2005-06 279.53 4.5 344.4 8.3
2006-07 267.04 -4.5 330.46 -4.2
2007-08 319.10 19.5 309.53 -6.4
2008-09 300.65 -5.8 302.99 -2.11
2009-10 297.40 -1.08 330.78 9.17
2010-11 299.91 0.84 275.19 16.80
2011-12 344.47 14.86 244.37
2O12-13 400.34 16.25

19. FUND RELASE TO THE GOVT.OF BIHAR FROM
NFDB
Name of
activities
2007-
08
2008-
09
2009-
10
2010-
11
2011-
12
2012-
13
Intensive
aquaculture in
ponds & tanks
73.6400 - - 16.78 945.77
Reservoir fisheries - 20.17 22.13
Cold Water
Fisheries
0.00
Other activities - - - - 0.00
Total: 73.6400 0.00 - 36.95 967.90

20. PERFORMANCE OF CSS & CS SCHEMES IN BIHAR
(RS. IN LAKHS)
Name of Schemes Funds released during 11th Plan
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Development of Inland
fisheries & Aquaculture
20.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 101.40 65.00
National Scheme of Welfare
of Fishermen.
43.14 0.00 0.00 293.00 0.00 -
Strengthening of Database &
Geographic Information
System of Fisheries Sector.
0.44 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -
National Fisheries
Development Board (NFDB)
73.6400 0.00 - 36.95 964.91 15.11
National Mission for Protein
Supplements (NMPS)
- - - - 1214.00 -

21. NATIONAL MISSION FOR PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS
(NMPS)
Approved Component for the year 2012-13 Rs. in lakhs
Reservoir Development 668.00
Aquaculture Development through Integrated approach 250.00
Total 918.00
SOURCE– ICAR REPORT

22. AN ESTIMATE DISTRICT-WISE POND RESOURCE IN THE
STATE
DISTRICT POND AREA(Hectare)
GOPALGANJ 998
SIWAN 948
CHAPRA 812
VAISHALI 871
MUZAFFARPUR 1822
EAST CHAMPRAN 9153
WEST CHAMPRAN 4003
SITAMARHI 2000
MADHUBANI 3743
DARBHANGA 3036
SAMASTIPUR 1386
BEGUSARIA 1033

23. CONT-
SAHARSA 1057
MADHEPURA 1508
PURNEA 3447
KATIHAR 4176
BHAGALPUR 918
MUNGER 3163
KHAGARIA 4640
SAHEBGANJ 1609
PATNA 2176
BHOJPUR 1096
ROHTAS 925
GAYA 2758
AURANGABAD 3511

24. CONT-
NAWADA 3184
NALANDA 3464
SOURCE:-DEPARTMENT OF FISHRY (GOVT. OF BIHAR

25. DISTRICT-WISE MANUS
SI No DISTRICT NO.AND AREA OF MAUNS IN DIFFERNT REGION
10-50 ha 50-100 ha 100-500 Total No. Total area
No Area No Area No Area
1 KATHIR 21 807 3 212 1 156 25 875
2 EAST CHAMPRAN 10 276 8 586 7 1130 25 1992
3 MUZAFFARPUR 21 436 3 185 0 0 24 621
4 SAMASTIPUR 4 143 1 98 3 702 8 943
5 WEST CHAMPRAN 3 83 1 52 2 626 6 761
Total 59 1445 16 1133 13 2614 88 5192
Source-Fishery department (Govt. of Bihar

26. BROOD BANK
Species % of total Quantity of seed (crore) Quantity of brood Tocks (tonnes)
Fingerlings Fry Spawn Female Male
CATLA 30 9.6 19.2 63.4 12.7 12.7
ROHU 30 9.6 19.2 63.4 12.7 12.7
MRIGNAL 20 6.4 12.8 42.2 8.5 8.5
GRASS CARP 10 3.2 6.4 21.2 4.3 4.3
COMMON
CARP
8 2.6 5.2 17.2 3.4 3.4
SILVER CARP 2 0.6 1.2 3.6 0.9 O.9
TOTAL 100 32 64 211 42.5 42.5
SOURCE-FISHERY DEPARTMENT GOVT.OF BIHAR

27. AVILIABLE RESOURCE
SI. NO SPECIFICATION TOTAL NO. AREA IN Ha
1 TANK/PONDS 70000 69000
2 OX-BOW LAKES(MAUN) 48 9000
3 RESIVIOURS 29 7276
4 FLOWING RIVER 32OOKM
5 WET LAND 100000ha
SOURCE- FISHERY DEPARTMENT (GOVT.OF BIHAR)

28. PRODUCTIVITY
SI. No Particular Production
1 Average productivity per ha/year 8oo/ha/year
2 National productivity 2500kg/ha/year
3 Productivity from developed water
bodies
2300kg/ha/year
4 Annul Demand 4.56 lakh MT
5 Total fish production 3.06 lakh Ton
6 Import fish from neighbouring state 1.5 lakh Ton(value-1050 crore)
SOURCE-FISHERY DEPARTMENT (GOVT.OF BIHAR)

29. INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES
SI.NO FACILITY AVILIABLE REMARK
1 No. of fisherman 121
2 No. of Hatcheries
(a) In Govt. sector 1
(b) In corporate 2
(c) Private 40
3 No. of training
centre(Rohtas, Nawada,
Khagaria, Supual, Banka)
5
4 No. of fish farmer
development agency
(FFDA)
38
5 No. of fish feed mill 110
6 No. of Hatcheries 97 Sanctioned
SOURCE-ICAR REPORT

30. MATSYA JAGARAN KENDRA
S.No. Name of Districts Status
1 Nawada
Constructed
2 Khagaria
3 Kisangunj
4 Banka
5 Sasaram
6 Supaul
7 Gopalgunj
Under Construction8 Saharsa
9 Gaya
Sanction
10 Madhubani
11 Dharbhanga
12 Sitamarhi

31. TOTAL FISH PRODUCTION
267.51 279.53 267.04
319.1 300.65 297.4 299.91
344.37
400.14

32. REGION WISE FISH PRODUCTION (2012-13)
85.81
141.6
68.44
54.03 50.7
patna region trithut region koshi region bhagalpur
region
darbhanga
region

33. TOTAL FISH SEED PRODUCTION
318.31
349.94 330.46 309.53 302.99
330.78
275.11
244.37
2004-5 2005-6 2006-7 2007-8 2008-9 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

34. SWOT ANALYSIS
Strength:-
 Abundant resource of water available in Bihar.
 Government aware about fishery sector, various programmes run by
them.
 High demand of fish in national market as well as international market.
 Cheap labour is available
 Integrated fish culture provide other business opportunity.
Weakness:-
 Lack of technical knowledge about fishery sector.
 Lack of good quality of fish seed.
 Lack of infrastructure.
 Diversified water resource in a district.
 Poor physical status of majority of ponds
 Heavy siltation of ponds
 Lack of Technical know-how
 Regular occurrence of flood & drought

35. CONT---
Opportunity:-
 To become a surplus state in fishery.
 To become a employment providing sector.
 Integrated fish culture provides scope for other
sector also.
 To established fish processing industry
Threat:-
 Threat from neighbouring state.
 Climatic threat.
 Sudden cause of fish disease.

36. CONCLUSION
After analysis of Data, Table, and Graph, find that
 (I) Bihar has abundant water resource and there is
opportunity to develop this sector.
 (ii) Present production 2.2 ha/annum become triple if some
measure taken by government to develop this sector.
 (iii) It also become a great employment sector.
 (iv) There has been a steady increase in fish production in
period 2010-13 and its share in total agriculture GDP has
nearly double in last 5 years.
 (v) Fishermen in the state are being trained to increase
productivity of fishery sector.
 (vi) Loans are being granted for maintance and renovation
of privately owned ponds in state. Government started various
programme and provide subsidiary to fishermen to develop
this sector.

37. SUGGESTION
FOR FISHERMEN
 Must take part in training organised by Bank and Government.
 Use good quality of fish.
 Use modern technology.
 Culture fish as integrated method.
 Culture fish for commercial level.
 Return Bank installement timely to make good relation with bank.
FOR BANK
 To fix easy criteria for loan section for fishery sector.
 Sanction loan at timely.
 Organised programme for fishery sector.
 To coordinate with government programme run for fishery sector
development
 Take active part in this sector
 Established a fishery special branch where fishery activity done.

38. CONT--
FOR GOVERNMENT
 Made framework to develop fishery sector.
 To appoint technical person at block level.
 Organised training time to time.
 Provide good quality of fish seed at subsidiary rate.
 Provide modern technology at subsidiary rate e.g.-solar pump.
 To established organised market structure for fishery.
 To coordinate bank with fishery programme.
 To make bridge between Bank and fishermen.

39. ACTION PLAN
 To maximum utilisation of available water resource by
integrated fish culture.
 To provide technical knowledge.
 To organise training.
 To provide technical expert.
 Micro-finance provided to marginal fishermen.
PROMOTION:-
 Government provide subsidiary on fish seed, fish feed, solar
pump.
 Provide subsidiary on renovation of pond and new developed
pond.
 Bank provide loan at low interest.
 Established well organised market for fish.