This study investigated bone response to titanium implants with different surface topographies over a short follow-up period. Sixty implants with turned, TiO2-blasted, or Al2O3-blasted surfaces were implanted in rabbit femurs and tibias. After 12 weeks, blasted implants had higher removal torque values and bone-to-implant contact percentages, indicating better osseointegration. However, turned implants exhibited greater bone surface area. The results suggest surface topography influences short-term bone response, though differences may not generalize to clinical settings over longer periods.