4. ADVANTAGE OF PRESTRESSING
The prestressing of concrete has several advantages as compared to traditional
reinforced concrete (RC) without prestressing. A fully prestressed concrete member is
usually subjected to compression during service life. The advantages of prestress
concrete are as follows:
Section remains uncracked under service loads.
Reduction of steel corrosion and thereby increase in durability.
Full section is utilised.
● Higher moment of inertia.
● Less deformations (improved serviceability).
Increase in shear, bending and torsional capacities.
5. ADVANTAGE OF PRESTRESSING
Improved performance (resilience) under dynamic and fatigue loading.
Sections can behave elastically.
Larger spans possible with prestressing (bridges, buildings).
For the same span, less depth compared to RC member.
● Reduction in self weight.
● More aesthetic appeal due to slender sections.
● More economical sections.
6. ADVANTAGE OF PRESTRESSING
Suitabality for precast construction
● Rapid construction
● Better quality control
● Reduced maintenance
● Suitable for repetitive construction
● Multiple use of formwork
● Availability of standard shapes
7. LIMITATIONS OF PRESTRESSING
● Prestressing needs skilled manpower
● The use of high strength materials is costly
● There is additional cost in auxiliary equipments
● There is need for quality control and inspection
8. TERMINOLOGY
Post-Tensioning
The application of a compressive force to the concrete by stressing tendons or bars
after the concrete has been cast and cured. The force in the stressed tendons or
bars in transferred to the concrete by means of anchorages.
Wires
Prestressing wire is a single unit made of steel.
Strands
An assembly of several high strength steel wires wound together. Stands usually
have six outer wires helically wound around a single straight wire of a similar
diameter.
Tendon
A group of strands or wires are wound to form a prestressing tendon.
9. TERMINOLOGY
Anchorage
An assembly of various hardware components which secure a tendon at its ends
after it has been stressed and imparts the tendon force into the concrete.
Anchor Plate (Tube Unit)
The part of the anchorage which bears directly on the concrete and through which
the tendon force is transmitted.
Wedges
A small conically shaped steel component placed around a strand to grip and
secure it by wedge action in a tapered hole through a wedge plate.
Wedge Plate
A circular steel component of the anchorage containing a number of tapered holes
through which the strands pass and are secured by conical wedges.
18. CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
Concrete class : C50
28 days cube strength : 50 mpa
Materials
Cement : Bashundhara (Ordinary Portland Cement) OPC
Fine Aggregate : Sylhet Sand, Bangladesh
Coarse Aggregate : Meghaloy, India
Admixture : Master Polyheed 8632
Water Cement Ratio : 0.3
Slump : 150mm ~ 200mm
19. CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
Batch Weight per cum of Concrete on SSD Condition
Cement : 470 kg
Water : 141 kg
Fine Aggregate : 658.6 kg
Coarse Aggregate : 1152 kg
Admixture : 5.9 kg
Mix Proportion : Cement : Sand : Stone
1 : 1.40 : 2.45
20. CONCRETING WORK OF PC GIRDER
Girder ready for concreting Concrete Transit Mixer Car Slump Test
27. GIRDER END ARRANGEMENT
FOR PRESTRESSING
Master Grip
Inserting
Master Grip
Inserting
Master Grip
Jack
Setting
28. PRESTRESSING PULL (ELONGATION)
FROM BOTH END
1st Reading : 62 mm Final Reading : 163 mm Reading after lock off : 153 mm
Slip : 163-153= 10 mm
29. PRESTRESSING PULL (ELONGATION)
FROM BOTH END
Work supervised by CSC Engr. Reading just after stressing : 200 mm Reading after 24 hours : 200 mm
After 24 hours slip: 200-200=0
30. STRUCTURE LOAD ON EACH GIRDER AND HOW IT IS
MAINTAINED BY PRESTRESSING
Total load (LL+DL) on each 30m girder = 1643.19 kN
Jacking force on each cable = 2475 kN (As per Contract Drawings)
Jacking force on each girder (3 no cable) = 2475 x 3 = 7425 kN
Hence 7425 kN>1643 kN
Factor of Safety, FS = 7425÷1643 = 4.5 [Minimum FS is required 1.5]
So Girder is safe.
31. PRESTRESSING PULL IS CONVERTED INTO STRESS
Jacking force, F = 2475 kN [As per Contract Drawings]
= 2475÷0.96 [Jack efficiency 96%]
= 2578.125 kN
= 2578.125 x 1000 N [1 kN = 1000 N]
= 2578.125 x 1000÷9.81 kg [1 Kg = 9.81 N]
= 262805.81 kg
Jacking Ram Area, A = 563.72 cm2
Stress = Force/Area = F/A = 262805.81/563.72 kg/cm2
= 466.19 kg/cm2
32. HOGGING & IT’S MEASUREMENT
After Stressing Hogging at centre : 33 mm Measurement taking by level machine
33. BUCKLING & IT’S MEASUREMENT
After Stressing Reading at end section : 100 mm Reading at max buckling point
90 mm
34. GROUT MIX DESIGN
Water cement ratio : 0.45
Mix proportion : Water : Cement : Admixture (Cebex-100)
22.5 Kg : 50 Kg : 1 Pkt