This document outlines the evolution of the field of public administration from its traditional/classical phase to modern developments. It discusses key thinkers and periods that have shaped the discipline, including Woodrow Wilson who argued for public administration as a professional field separate from politics. Max Weber is also cited for his influential analysis of bureaucratic organizations. The document then examines specific areas of specialization within public administration and ongoing concerns in the Philippines around issues like reorganization and corruption.
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This presentation shows a timeline of some of the years in the article "Is there a Philippine Public Administration" By Prof. Alex Brillantes and Prof. Maricel Fernandez
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Military Commissions Trial Judiciary, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Notice of the Chief Defense Counsel's detailing of LtCol Thomas F. Jasper, Jr. USMC, as Detailed Defense Counsel for Abd Al Hadi Al-Iraqi on 6 August 2014 in the case of United States v. Hadi al Iraqi (10026)
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All eyes on Rafah: But why?. The Rafah border crossing, a crucial point between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, often finds itself at the center of global attention. As we explore the significance of Rafah, we’ll uncover why all eyes are on Rafah and the complexities surrounding this pivotal region.
INTRODUCTION
What makes Rafah so significant that it captures global attention? The phrase ‘All eyes are on Rafah’ resonates not just with those in the region but with people worldwide who recognize its strategic, humanitarian, and political importance. In this guide, we will delve into the factors that make Rafah a focal point for international interest, examining its historical context, humanitarian challenges, and political dimensions.
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You can rely on our assistance if you are ready to apply for permanent residency. Find out more at: https://immigration-netherlands.com/obtain-a-permanent-residence-permit-in-the-netherlands/.
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WINDING UP of COMPANY, Modes of DissolutionKHURRAMWALI
Winding up, also known as liquidation, refers to the legal and financial process of dissolving a company. It involves ceasing operations, selling assets, settling debts, and ultimately removing the company from the official business registry.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of winding up:
Reasons for Winding Up:
Insolvency: This is the most common reason, where the company cannot pay its debts. Creditors may initiate a compulsory winding up to recover their dues.
Voluntary Closure: The owners may decide to close the company due to reasons like reaching business goals, facing losses, or merging with another company.
Deadlock: If shareholders or directors cannot agree on how to run the company, a court may order a winding up.
Types of Winding Up:
Voluntary Winding Up: This is initiated by the company's shareholders through a resolution passed by a majority vote. There are two main types:
Members' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is solvent (has enough assets to pay off its debts) and shareholders will receive any remaining assets after debts are settled.
Creditors' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is insolvent and creditors will be prioritized in receiving payment from the sale of assets.
Compulsory Winding Up: This is initiated by a court order, typically at the request of creditors, government agencies, or even by the company itself if it's insolvent.
Process of Winding Up:
Appointment of Liquidator: A qualified professional is appointed to oversee the winding-up process. They are responsible for selling assets, paying off debts, and distributing any remaining funds.
Cease Trading: The company stops its regular business operations.
Notification of Creditors: Creditors are informed about the winding up and invited to submit their claims.
Sale of Assets: The company's assets are sold to generate cash to pay off creditors.
Payment of Debts: Creditors are paid according to a set order of priority, with secured creditors receiving payment before unsecured creditors.
Distribution to Shareholders: If there are any remaining funds after all debts are settled, they are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stake.
Dissolution: Once all claims are settled and distributions made, the company is officially dissolved and removed from the business register.
Impact of Winding Up:
Employees: Employees will likely lose their jobs during the winding-up process.
Creditors: Creditors may not recover their debts in full, especially if the company is insolvent.
Shareholders: Shareholders may not receive any payout if the company's debts exceed its assets.
Winding up is a complex legal and financial process that can have significant consequences for all parties involved. It's important to seek professional legal and financial advice when considering winding up a company.
1. EVOLUTION OF THE FIELD OF PUBLIC
ADMINSTRATION
PRESENTED
BY
SHREYA GARG (A – 51)
YOGIRAJ SADAPHAL (A – 33)
SUBMITTED TO: SHUBHAM TRIPATHI SIR
2. EVOLUTION OF THE FIELD OF PUBLIC ADMINSTRATION
• A. Traditional and modern phase:
• B. The different field of public administration;
• C. Selected major ongoing concerns of public adminstration in the Philippines
(reorganization, decentralization and corruption).
• D. Home grown governance paradigm (Gowad Kalinga) as one that illustrates
successful cooperation between government, business and civil society in the delivery
of basic services, which after all is a core concern of modern public administration and
good governace .
• E. For whom is public administration.
3. EVOLUTION OF THE FIELD OF PUBLIC ADMINSTRATION
• To retrace the history and evolution of the broad discipline and examine the
various strands and influences that have influenced the theory and practice – the
praxis – of public administration in the Philippines.
• To examine the specific areas and fields of specialization of the field, taking
cognizance of the many other emerging fields going beyond the traditional fields
of public administration.
4. PHASES IN THE EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC ADMINSTRATION
• Phase Indicative Period
• Traditional / Classical Public Adminstration 1800s to 1950s
• Modern Public Adminstration 1950 to the present
• Development Adminstration (1950s to 1960s)
• New Public Adminstration (1970s)
• New Public Adminstration (1980s to 1990s)
• Reinventing Government (1990s)
5. TRADITIONAL / CLASSICAL PUBLIC ADMINSTRATION
• Public Aminstration can be traced back to human history. It has been suggested
that it is as old as the ancient empires of China, India, Egypt, Greece, Rome and
Mesopotomia.
• The institutionalization of administrative capacity for collective purposes is the
foundation of public administration. Such arrangement has existed in all societies
(Caiden (1982),.
6. TRADITIONAL / CLASSICAL PUBLIC ADMINSTRATION
• All societies are devoted to advance the general welfare or the public interest.
The idea that ‘public administration should not be considered administration of
the public but administration for the public’ has been practiced and expessed in
the Code of Hammurabi, in Confucianism and in the funeral oration of Pericles.
• In other words, the idea of client-oriented public administration has its roots in
ancient public administration.
7. Caiden (1982) also noted that the genesis of public administration must have had originated
from monarcial europe where household officials were divided into two groups: one in
charge of public affairs, i.E. The administration of justice, finance, training of armies, and
the other is responsible for personal services. Rutgers (1998) supports this claim that
administration had already been manifested way back in the mid 17th century and early 18th
century in prussia.
F.K. Medikus likewise argued on the study of public administration and its position admist
the sciences in the 18th century. He advocted “cameralism” and claimed that it should be
treated as an autonomous field of study of great importance to the state. Cameral science is
designed to prepare potential public officials for government service. This practice
flourished in europe until the 21st century but it was, in the long run, replaced by
administrative law and legal studies.
8. WOODROW WILSON’S 1887
• If the roots of Public Adminstration as a distinct field of study have to be traced,
the tendency is to draw on classic essay, “the study of public administration”
which was written at the height of progressive movement in the US. It was in that
essay that there was a serious claim that public administration should be a self-
conscious, professional field. Wilson suggested the distinction between politics
and administration i.e. administration should be politics-free and that “the field of
administration is the field of business”.
9. FRANK GOODNOW (1900)
• Frank Goodnow, the “Father of American Public Adminstration”, presented a more
meticulous examination of Politics-administration dichotomy in his book, “Politics
and Adminstration” that “supplanted the traditional concern with the separation
of powers among the various branches of the government”
• Politics administration dichotony has provoked lonh-running debates which
persist until today. It may be argued though that, as far as the Philippine
experience is concerned, the dichotomy is artificial and that in practice, power
and partisan politics have had a disproportionate influence upon the workings of
public administration in the Philippines.
10. MAX WEBER (1946),
• A German sociologist who is known as the “Father of Modern Sociology,” made a
lucid descriptives analysis of bureaucratic organizations. He presented some
major variables or features of bureaucracy such as: hierarchy, division of labor,
formally written rules and procedures, impersonality and neutrality; hence,
providing a reference point in evaluating both the good abd bad effects of
bureaucratic structures.