'Ppt on HISTORY of Radio

1. Radio
The Journey of radio in India

2. What is radio ?
Radio is a way to send electromagnetic signals over a long
distance, to deliver information from one place to another. A
machine that sends radio signals is called a transmitter, while a
machine that “picks up” the signals is called a receiver or
antenna. A machine that does both jobs is a “transceiver”. When
radio signals are sent out to many receivers at the same time, it is
called a broadcast.

3. Invention
Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi first developed the
idea of a radio, or wireless telegraph, in the 1890s.
His ideas took shape in 1895 when he sent a wireless
mores code message to a source more than a kilometre
away.
He continued to work on his new invention, and in 1897
he received the official British patent for the radio –
which was really a wireless telegraph system at first.
Guglielmo Marconi

4. Starts of 20 th century
In 1900, Reginald Fessenden made a weak
transmission of voice over the airwaves.
In 1901, Marconi conducted the first successful
transatlantic experimental radio communications.
 In 1907, Marconi established the first commercial
transatlantic radio communications service, between
chidden, Ireland and glace bay, newfoundland. Donald Manson working as an
employee of the Marconi
Company (England, 1906)

5. Radio in India
Radio broadcasting began in India in 1922.
According to an agreement on 23 July 1927, the private Indian
broadcasting company ltd (IBC) was authorized to operate two
radio stations: the Bombay station which began on 23 July 1927,
and the Calcutta station which followed on 26 august 1927.
The government owned radio station all India radio dominated
broadcasting since 1936 but through privatization and
deregulation has allowed commercial privately owned talk and
music stations to reach large audiences.

6. The company went into liquidation on 1 march 1930. The
government took over the broadcasting facilities and began the
Indian state broadcasting service (ISBS) on 1 April 1930 on an
experimental basis for two years, and permanently in may 1932 it
then went on to become all India radio on 8 June 1936.
When India attained independence, there were six radio stations
within Indian territory, at Delhi, Bombay, Calcutta, madras,
Tiruchirapalli and Lucknow.
FM broadcasting began on 23 July 1977 in Chennai, then madras .

7. Transmission
Currently, analog terrestrial radio broadcast in India
is carried out in short wave(SW) (6–22 MHz),
medium wave(mw) (526–1606 kHz)and frequency
modulation (FM) (88–108 MHz). All India radio the
public service broadcaster – has established 467
radio stations encompassing 662 radio transmitters,
which include 140 mw, 48 SW, and 474 FM
transmitters for providing radio broadcasting
services in India. Private sector radio broadcasters
transmit in FM mode only.

8. Public radio
All India radio
All India radio(air), officially known since 1956 as ‘Akashvani’ is the
national public radio broadcaster of India. It was established in 1936.
All India radio is the largest radio network in the world, and one of the
largest broadcasting organizations in the world in terms of the number
of languages broadcast and the spectrum of socio-economic and
cultural diversity it serves.
Air’s home service comprises 420 stations located across the country,
reaching nearly 92% of the country’s area and 99.19% of the total
population. AIR originates programming in 23 languages and 179
dialects.

9. Private radio
Private participation wasn’t allowed until 1993 when the government
experimented with a daily, two-hour slot on the FM channels in Delhi
and Mumbai.
 In 2001 the first phase of private sector participation (FM phase i)
India's radio sector began and the government conducted open
auctions r a radio licenses. Of the 108 licenses issued, only 22 became
operational in 12 cities.
Radio city Bangalore, which started on July 3, 2001, is India's first
private FM radio station.

10. Radio city Bangalore, which started on July 3, 2001, is India's first
private FM radio station.
 The second development phase of radio privatization was in 2005(Fm
phase ii) with 338 FM slots up for auction. 245 frequencies were taken
up in the auction and the government earned US$295 million in one-
time entry fees.
In 2019 the ministry of information and broadcasting (India) had
sought telecom regulatory authority of India's recommendation on
reserve prices for auctions of radio frequencies in 283 cities to expand
private FM radio across the country.

11. This includes 23 existing cities where the government has auctioned
private FM radio frequencies in the previous batches, while 260 cities
will see auctions of private FM radio for the first time.
In 2020 April TRAI had issued recommendations on reserve price for
auction of FM radio channels under FM phase iii policy.

12. MAJOR PRIVATE RADIO
The major private radio players in India are Entertainment Network
India Limited which hosts Radio Mirchi, BIG FM 92.7,
 Jagran prakashan group's, music broadcast limited which hosts radio
city (Indian radio station),
D B corp ltd. Which hosts my FM & Sun Network which in turn hosts Red
FM.
Currently, there are 371 private Fm stations operating across 107 cities
in India.
 Out of these, 31 are operated by micro, small & medium enterprises
(MSMEs).

13. CURENT STATUS
As of December 2018, there are more than 369
operational private radio stations in more than
101 cities and towns across India.
The Government of India-owned All India
Radio has about 450 FM stations covering 39% of
the area and 52% of the population of India.[
 In April 2020, as per a survey by AZ Research
PPL, commissioned by the Association of Radio
Operators for India (AORI) Radio listenership in
India touched a peak of 51 million.


14. RADIO IN FUTURE
 In the future, radio will be everywhere.
The possibilities are endless and will continue to
multiply.
The consoles, connected watches and TV's that we
use every day will be just another way in
which radio stations can broadcast and increase
their audience numbers.

15. - By Mohini Bhade
- To Neha Mam