Including everything on Cement industry

2. Wellcome To My
Presentation
Syed Muhammad Ahmad (1189)
Muzammil Qadir(1186)
Chemical Technology
GCT Multan

3. My Presentation topic
Is
“Cement Industry “

4. History
• In 1824,an English scientist (Joseph Aspdin)
obtained cement by calcininga mixture of
clay and lime
• And named it Portland cement
• Because the concrete from this setting resembled the stone
that was obtained from the island port.
• This island is located near England.

6. What is Portland Cement ?
• Portland cement is a material made from
the grinding of clinkers obtained after
burning a mixture of calcareous and silty
clay at high temperatures.

7. Raw materials for Cement
1. Calcareous materials ( ‫کیلسیم‬
‫دار‬
‫میٹریلز‬ )
2. Argillaceousmaterials ( ‫چکنی‬
‫مٹی‬
‫والے‬
‫میٹریلز‬ )
Calcareous materials ( ‫کیلسیم‬
‫دار‬
‫میٹریلز‬ )
1. Lime Stone ( ‫چونے‬
‫کا‬
‫پتھر‬ )
2. Chalk ( ‫)چاک‬
3. Marl ( ‫سمندری‬
‫سپی‬ )
Argillaceous materials ( ‫چکنی‬
‫مٹی‬
‫والے‬
‫میٹریلز‬ )
(1)
(2)
1. Clay ( ‫چکنی‬
‫مٹی‬ )
2. Shale ( ‫صلصالئی‬
‫چٹانیں‬ )
3. Slate (‫)سلیٹ‬

9. Map of Pakistan showing
main cement raw resources
(limestone, shale/clay,
gypsum), agrominerals (rock
phosphate, gypsum), marble,
construction, dimension and
décor stone resources
(marble, dolomite,
conglomerate and gravels,
igneous rocks) of Pakistan

10. Methods of Cement Manufacturing
1. Wet Process ( ‫گیال‬
‫طریقہ‬ )
2. Dry Process ( ‫خشک‬
‫طریقہ‬ )

11. The Choice between wet and dry
process Depends upon the
following factors
1. Tha physical condition of raw materials
2. The price of fule
3. The local climate & Condition of Factory

12. Manufacturing of Cement by
“WET PROCESS “
Raw materials :-
1. Calcareous materials ( ‫کیلسیم‬
‫دار‬
‫میٹریلز‬ )
• Lime Stone ( ‫چونے‬
‫کا‬
‫پتھر‬ )
• Chalk ( ‫)چاک‬
• Marl ( ‫سمندری‬
‫سپی‬ )
Argillaceous materials ( ‫چکنی‬
‫مٹی‬
‫والے‬
‫میٹریلز‬ )
2.
• These materials provide lime during the manufacture of cement
• Clay ( ‫چکنی‬
‫مٹی‬ )
• Shale ( ‫صلصالئی‬
‫چٹانیں‬ )
• Slate (‫)سلیٹ‬
Water
3.
Gypsum and fuel are also
used in the manufacture
of cement
Note:-

13. Manufacturing Steps :-
• Crushing and Grinding of raw materials
• Mixing of raw materials in proper ratio
• Burning of raw materials to from clinkers
• Cooling of hot clinkers
• Screening
• Paking
• Marketing

15. Rotary Kiln
1. Length:. 90—180 Meters
2. Diameter:. 2.5-6 Meter
3. Speed:. 1/2 – 2 rpm
4. Angle of inclination:. 10°-15°
5. Temperature range:. 1400-1500°C
The kilnhas different Temperature zonesin this kilntemperature
is maintained by using naturalgas, Coke or Furness oil. The
zonesof kilnand their chemical reactions.

16. • Drying Zone: (low heating zone)
In this zone temperature ranges from 100-500C°. At 100 C°
free water Will evaporate and at 500C° mechanical held
water Will evaporate
• Calcining Zone: (De-Carbonating Zone)
In this zone organics matters burn, calcining of CaCo³ takes
place to give CaO &CO² . At this zone temperature range is
500°C-900°C CaCo³--→ Cao +CO²
• Clinkering zone
It is the lowest and hottest zone of rotary Kiln temperature
range of this zone is 1200°C-1500°C. Formation of cement
starts in this zone by reacting CaO with Clay in between
1200°C-1300°C to from the following compounds
Zones of Rotary Kiln

17. Rotary Kiln

18. Uses of Cement
Basic use. Use Portland Cement in concrete
for bridges, walls, culverts, floors, pavements,
sidewalks, pipe, railway structures,
reinforced concrete buildings, tanks and
reservoirs, as well as for masonry units and
other precast products.

22. Thank you all
See you
again
inshallah
‫ہ‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
‫ظ‬‫ف‬‫ا‬‫ح‬