PRESENTAION ON MENINGITIS

1. G.C.R.G.
COLLEGE OF NURSING
PRESENTATION
ON
MENINGITIS
SUBMITTED TO:
MR. HABEEB KHAN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
SUBMITTED BY:
SANGEETA
GNM 2nd YEAR

2. INTRODUCTION
 Meningitis is the inflammation of the protective
membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
 It can be caused by infection topically bacterial or Viral.
symptoms include fever, headache,and a stiff neck.

3. DEFINITION
 Meningitis is a disease
characterized by inflammation of
meninges of the brain and spinal
cord. ( Dura mater,
Arachnoid and piamater).

4. ETIOLOGY
 Infection of meningitis by bacteria, virus,
fungus and protozoa.
 Organism inters into CNS through upper
respiratory tract or blood stream.
 Streptococcus pneumonia, Neisseria,
meningitis, Homophiles influenza

5. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Due to etiological factor
 Organism enter into blood stream.
 Cross blood brain barrier.
 Inflammation occurs in meninges.
 Reduce blood supply and also reduce the circulationof CSF in
Cerebral.
 Increase ICP( intra cranial pressure)

6. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
 Headache.
 Sudden high fever.
 Chills.
 Nausea and vomiting.
 Photo phobia.
 Neck stiffness.
 Drowsiness.
 Confusion.

7. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
 History collection.
 Physical examination.
 Blood test.
 Lumber puncture.
 EEG.
 CT scan and MRI.
 X-Ray.
 CSF culture.
 Gram staining.

8. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
 Bacterial meningitis.
 Vancomycin is the drug of choice for bacterial infection.
 Steroid therapy to reduce inflammation like dexamethostone.
 Antipyretic therapy to reduce fever and symptomatic treatment like fluid
therapy
 Viral meningitis -. In viral meningitis antibiotics are not effective so provide
symptomatic treatment like bed rest, oral fluid, good nutrition, antipyretic
drugs and antimetic drugs.
 Fungal Meningitis - High dosa of anti fungal medication are effective in the
treatment of fungal meningitic. ( Ketaconozale, Terbinafine).

9. NURSING MANAGEMENT
 Assess vital on admission.
 Monitor intake- output hourly.
 Monitor factor that may further increase cerebral edema and ICP.
 Place emergency equipments such as oxygen, suction near the bed side table.
 Weight the patient daily.
 Provide a flexible feeding schedule with small feeding of favourt foods.
 Administer antiemetic to control nausea and vomiting.

10. THANK YOU